Role of Exercise as a Modulating Factor in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy

Abstract Purpose of Review The review addresses the role of exercise in triggering ventricular arrhythmias and promoting disease progression in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) patients and gene-mutation carriers, the differential diagnosis between AC and athlete’s heart and current recommendations on exercise activity in AC. Recent Findings AC is an inherited heart muscle disease caused by genetically defective cell-to-cell adhesion structures (mainly desmosomes). The pathophysiological hallmark of the disease is progressive myocyte loss and replacement by fibro-fatty tissue, which creates the substrates for ventricular arrhythmias. Animal and human studies demonstrated that intense exercise, but not moderate physical activity, may increase disease penetrance, worsen the phenotype, and favor life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. It has been proposed that in some individuals prolonged endurance sports activity may in itself cause AC (so-called exercise-induced AC). Summary The studies agree that intense physical activity should be avoided in patients with AC and healthy gene-mutation carriers. However, low-to-moderate intensity exercise does not appear detrimental and these patients should not be entirely deprived from the many health benefits of physical activity.

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Moderate physical activity reduces 10-year diabetes incidence: the mediating role of oxidative stress biomarkers

International Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1007/s00038-017-1052-8 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 297-305 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Efi Koloverou ◽

◽

Konstantinos Tambalis ◽

Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos ◽

Ekavi Georgousopoulou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Moderate Physical Activity ◽

Diabetes Incidence ◽

Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Stress Biomarkers

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Interaction of physical activity and diet: implications for haemostatic factors

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898009900052x ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 2 (3a) ◽

pp. 383-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Rainer Rauramaa ◽

SB Väisänen

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Blood Coagulation ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Regular Physical Activity ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Moderate Physical Activity ◽

Platelet Aggregability ◽

Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Intensity Physical Activity ◽

The Impact

AbstractRegular moderate intensity physical activity and habitual diet providing no more than one third of energy from fats have been recommended for the prevention of atherosclerotic diseases. The background for these guidelines is the key role of plasma lipids. However, the importance of thrombogenesis in acute myocardial infarction has become obvious during the last decade. Hyperlipidaemia and excess of adipose tissue increase platelet aggregability and blood coagulation, and decrease fibrinolysis. Both regular physical activity and dietary fat reduction decrease blood lipids and body fat thereby diminishing the risk of thrombosis. Currently, data on interactions between physical activity and diet on haemostasis are scarce, and the few studies available have not demonstrated additional effects when these two lifestyle modifications have been combined. This paper is restricted only to studies using controlled randomized design. Regular moderate intensity physical activity as well as diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids decrease platelet aggregability. The effects of regular physical activity on plasma fibrinogen remain contradictory, while the impact of diet is even less clear. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, a possible link between insulin resistance syndrome and coronary heart disease, may decrease due to physical training or low fat diet. It can be hypothesized that moderation in physical activity and diet carries a more powerful impact on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis than either lifestyle modification alone. Studies focusing on the interactions of regular moderate physical activity and fat-modified diet are needed in efforts to optimize the preventive actions by lifestyle changes.

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The Regulation of the Metastatic Cascade by Physical Activity: A Narrative Review

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers12010153 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 153 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sophie van Doorslaer de ten Ryen ◽

Louise Deldicque

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Careful Analysis ◽

The Body ◽

Narrative Review ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Moderate Physical Activity ◽

Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽

Tumor Spread ◽

Warm Up ◽

Cancer Dissemination

The purpose of this narrative review is to provide an overview of the currently available knowledge about the mechanisms by which physical activity may affect metastatic development. The search terms exercise [Title/Abstract] AND metastasis [Title/Abstract] returned 222 articles on PUBMED on the 10 February 2019. After careful analysis of the abstracts, a final selection of 24 articles was made. Physical activity regulates the levels of metastatic factors in each of the five steps of the process. Moderate intensity exercise appears to prevent tumor spread around the body, among others, by normalizing angiogenesis, destroying circulating tumor cells, and decreasing endothelial cells permeability. Contrarily, high-intensity exercise seems to favor cancer dissemination, likely through excessive stress, which can be somewhat counteracted by an appropriate warm-up. In conclusion, chronic adaptations to moderate-intensity endurance exercise seem the most effective way to achieve a preventive effect of exercise on metastases. Altogether, the data gathered here reinforce the importance of encouraging cancer patients to perform moderate physical activity several times a week. To limit the undesired events thereof, a good knowledge of the patient’s training level is important to establish an adapted exercise training program.

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The Role of Physical Aerobic Activity in Controlling Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction in Children and Adolescents with Asthma

International Journal of Biomedicine ◽

10.21103/article11(4)_br2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 484-487

Author(s):

Walid Abdelbasset ◽

Abbas Elsayed

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Life Quality ◽

Aerobic Exercise Training ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Aerobic Activity ◽

Children And Young Adolescents ◽

Exercise Induced

Asthma, one of the major widespread chronic disorders among children and adolescents, has become more prevalent recently. The common manifestations of this disorder are caused by inflammatory airways that lead to airway restriction and lung hypersensitivity causing dry coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath, all of which are combined with sleep disturbance, impaired physical activity, and reduced quality of life. The main goal of this brief review was to identify the associated variables that affect the management of asthma disease in children and young adolescents and to identify the role of physical aerobic exercise in the treatment of asthmatic children. The current review was based on prior research published in English databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Embase in scientific articles published between January 2010 and October 2021 with the keywords "asthma," "children," "adolescents," "breathing episodes," "physical activity," and "physical exercise." Regular physical aerobic exercise training with moderate intensity has been shown to improve pulmonary functions, life quality, psychological conditions, and reduce asthma symptoms and EIB in children and adolescents with bronchial asthma.

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Abstract P159: Factors Associated With Moderate Physical Activity Among Older Adults With Atrial Fibrillation: SAGE-AF Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.143.suppl_1.p159 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Jordy Mehawej ◽

Jane Saczynski ◽

Catarina I Kiefe ◽

Eric Ding ◽

Hawa O Abu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Older Adults ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Considerable Proportion ◽

Moderate Physical Activity ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Intensity Physical Activity

Objective: Guidelines encourage patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) to engage in moderate-intensity physical activity. We examined the sociodemographic, geriatric, and clinical factors associated with engagement in moderate-intensity physical activity among older adults with AF. Methods: Patients aged 65 years and older, diagnosed with AF, and having a CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc ≥ 2 were recruited from multiple clinics in Massachusetts and Georgia between 2015 and 2018. We utilized The Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity questionnaire to assess whether participants reported being engaged in moderate physical exercise. We examined the association between sociodemographic, clinical, geriatric elements and engaging in moderate-intensity physical activity using multiple logistic regression modelling. Results: The mean age of participants was 76 years and 52% were men. Approximately one-half (52%) of participants met the recommended levels of physical activity. Participants who were cognitively impaired (adjusted OR [aOR]=0.74; 95% CI= 0.56-0.97 ) , morbidly obese (aOR= 0.40; 95% CI= 0.22-0.72), socially isolated (aOR= 0.58; 95% CI= 0.40-0.84), and had a slow gait speed (aOR= 0.44; 95% CI= 0.32-0.60) were less likely, while those with higher AF related quality of life score (aOR=1.66; 95% CI=1.26-2.18) more likely, to engage in moderate physical activity. Conclusions: A considerable proportion of older adults with AF did not engage in moderate physical activity. Cognitive impairment, morbid obesity, social isolation, and slow gait speed were associated with not engaging in moderate exercise. Health care providers should identify patients with AF who are sedentary, promote engagement, and tailor interventions to address obstacles in engagement in physical activity.

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Role of Adjuvant and Posttreatment Exercise Programs in Breast Health

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network ◽

10.6004/jnccn.2011.0020 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 251-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jennifer A. Ligibel

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Cancer Survivors ◽

Sports Medicine ◽

Breast Cancer Survivors ◽

Early Stage ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Cancer Society ◽

Breast Cancer Death

Growing evidence suggests that physical activity may be an important part of survivorship care for women with a history of breast cancer. Observational evidence suggests that women who are physically active after breast cancer diagnosis have a 30% to 50% lower risk of breast cancer recurrence, breast cancer death, and overall death compared with sedentary individuals. Although randomized controlled trials have not been performed to test the ability of exercise to improve outcomes in women with early-stage breast cancer, many small intervention studies have shown the safety and potential benefits of exercise in the adjuvant and posttreatment settings. These studies have shown that physical activity can be performed safely both during and after adjuvant treatment for breast cancer, and that women who increase physical activity in these settings experience improvements in fitness, strength, quality of life, and other end points. Although more research is needed to fully define the role of exercise in breast cancer survivors, the many proven benefits of physical activity have led the American Cancer Society and American College of Sports Medicine to encourage regular participation in moderate-intensity recreational activity for most breast cancer survivors. This article reviews the growing evidence that exercise could be an important part of breast cancer survivorship, and describes current exercise guidelines for breast cancer survivors.

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Low QRS voltage and atrial fibrillation precluding implantation of a subcutaneous implantable cardioverterdefibrillator in a patient with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy

Cardiogenetics ◽

10.4081/cardiogenetics.2017.7025 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Peter C. Kahr ◽

Jan Steffel ◽

Alexander Breitenstein ◽

Thomas Wolber ◽

Laurent M. Haegeli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽

Vascular System ◽

Persistent Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Hereditary Disease ◽

Fatty Tissue ◽

Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy ◽

Foreign Material ◽

Icd Implantation ◽

The Right

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is a rare mostly hereditary disease, in which fibro-fatty tissue replaces cardiomyocytes. Typically, the first alterations of the disease can be encountered in the epicardium of the right ventricle in adolescent patients. From there, the disease usually progresses over time. Besides the development of heart failure, the clinical significance of the disease is determined by the predisposition to potentially lethal ventricular arrhythmias. Hence, a majority of patients with AC require an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) to be protected from sudden cardiac death. A recently developed alternative to transvenous systems are subcutaneous ICDs (S-ICD), associated with a lower risk of device-related complications such as endocarditis since no foreign material is implanted within the heart and vascular system. In this report, we describe and discuss our experience with the implantation of a S-ICD in a patient with AC, who had low QRS voltage and persistent atrial fibrillation precluding successful S-ICD implantation, as well as the challenges encountered during subsequent transvenous lead implantation.

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The role of body size and physical activity on the risk of breast cancer in BRCA mutation carriers

Cancer Causes & Control ◽

10.1007/s10552-014-0521-0 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 333-344 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Rachael Pettapiece-Phillips ◽

Steven A. Narod ◽

Joanne Kotsopoulos

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Body Size ◽

Brca Mutation ◽

Mutation Carriers ◽

Brca Mutation Carriers

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Test-Retest Reliability and Walk Score® Neighbourhood Walkability Comparison of an Online Perceived Neighbourhood-Specific Adaptation of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16111917 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. 1917 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Levi Frehlich ◽

Anita Blackstaffe ◽

Gavin R. McCormack

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Moderate Physical Activity ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽

Walk Score ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Activity Questionnaire

There is a growing public health interest in the contributions of the built environment in enabling and supporting physical activity. However, few tools measuring neighbourhood-specific physical activity exist. This study assessed the reliability of an established physical activity tool (International Physical Activity Questionnaire: IPAQ) adapted to capture perceived neighbourhood-specific physical activity (N-IPAQ) administered via the internet and compared N-IPAQ outcomes to differences in neighbourhood Walk Score®. A sample of n = 261 adults completed an online questionnaire on two occasions at least seven days apart. Questionnaire items captured walking, cycling, moderate-intensity, and vigorous-intensity physical activity, undertaken inside the participant’s perceived neighbourhood in the past week. Intraclass correlations, Spearman’s rank correlation, and Cohen’s Kappa coefficients estimated item test-retest reliability. Regression estimated the associations between self-reported perceived neighbourhood-specific physical activity and Walk Score®. With the exception of moderate physical activity duration, participation and duration for all physical activities demonstrated moderate reliability. Transportation walking participation and duration was higher (p < 0.05) in more walkable neighbourhoods. The N-IPAQ administered online found differences in neighbourhoods that vary in their walkability. Future studies investigating built environments and self-reported physical activity may consider using the online version of the N-IPAQ.

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