Empirical analysis of the impact of cigarette excise taxes on cigarette consumption: estimates from recent state-level data

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Cebula ◽  
Maggie Foley ◽  
Robert Houmes
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
State Level ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Excise Taxes ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals When economic and cultural interests align: the anti-immigration voter coalitions driving far right party success in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphne Halikiopoulou ◽  
Tim Vlandas
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Party Support ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis article contests the view that the strong positive correlation between anti-immigration attitudes and far right party success necessarily constitutes evidence in support of the cultural grievance thesis. We argue that the success of far right parties depends on their ability to mobilize a coalition of interests between their core supporters, that is voters with cultural grievances over immigration and the often larger group of voters with economic grievances over immigration. Using individual level data from eight rounds of the European Social Survey, our empirical analysis shows that while cultural concerns over immigration are a stronger predictor of far right party support, those who are concerned with the impact of immigration on the economy are important to the far right in numerical terms. Taken together, our findings suggest that economic grievances over immigration remain pivotal within the context of the transnational cleavage.

scholarly journals The impact of a federal cigarette minimum pack price policy on cigarette use in the USA

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan J Doogan ◽  
Mary Ellen Wewers ◽  
Micah Berman
Keyword(s):  
State Level ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Us ◽  
Minimum Price ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundIncreasing cigarette prices reduce cigarette use. The US Food and Drug Administration has the authority to regulate the sale and promotion—and therefore the price—of tobacco products.ObjectiveTo examine the potential effect of federal minimum price regulation on the sales of cigarettes in the USA.MethodWe used yearly state-level data from the Tax Burden on Tobacco and other sources to model per capita cigarette sales as a function of price. We used the fitted model to compare the status quo sales with counterfactual scenarios in which a federal minimum price was set. The minimum price scenarios ranged from $0 to $12.ResultsThe estimated price effect in our model was comparable with that found in the literature. Our counterfactual analyses suggested that the impact of a minimum price requirement could range from a minimal effect at the $4 level to a reduction of 5.7 billion packs sold per year and 10 million smokers at the $10 level.ConclusionA federal minimum price policy has the potential to greatly benefit tobacco control and public health by uniformly increasing the price of cigarettes and by eliminating many price-reducing strategies currently available to both sellers and consumers.

The Employment Impact of Casino Gambling in the U.S.

2013 ◽  
pp. 2-17
Author(s):  
Gary Anders
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
State Level ◽  
Professional Services ◽  
Casino Gambling ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Employment Impact ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Casino gambling has become a popular economic development strategy. This chapter examines the impact of casinos on employment as determined by an econometric analysis of state-level data for eight industries. The results suggest that the opening of casinos leads to employment increases in the arts and entertainment, accommodations, and food and beverage industries. At the same time, it leads to decreases in employment in management and professional services, technology, and manufacturing. Also evident is the impact of demographic changes and computer technology. These findings suggest that the expansion of commercial gaming has a positive effect on regional employment in some sectors while having a negative effect in other sectors, especially in those states with competing gambling venues.

scholarly journals The Effects of Irreversibility and Uncertainty on Business Investments: A New View of Investment

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
Katarína Belanová
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Real Options Approach ◽  
Investment Decision Making ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This article presents a survey of recent theoretical, as well as empirical, contributions concerning business investments, which help to explain the investment decision making of companies. These contributions emphasize the relevance of idiosyncratic factors affecting investment decisions such as the degree of irreversibility and uncertainty, interactions between these factors may generate an opportunity cost equivalent to the exercise of an option and so they add an important dimension to the neoclassical theory of investment (also called standard or orthodox theory of investment). This theory has not recognized the important qualitative and quantitative implications of this interaction, what can explain some of its failures. We investigate the irreversibility of investments and the impact this has on the nature of the relationship between investment and uncertainty in the way of empirical analysis. The empirical analysis uses firm – level data and is based on a survey of 53 automotive suppliers, which was carried out during the year 2011. We find supportive evidence for the fact that uncertainty is negatively associated with planned investments of the companies surveyed, which remains true also in the presence of irreversibility. At the end we demonstrate the core of the real options approach in a form of a practical example.

scholarly journals Head Start and Families’ Recovery from Economic Recession: Policy Recommendations for COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Scarborough ◽  
Caitlyn Collins ◽  
Leah Ruppanner ◽  
Liana Christin Landivar
Keyword(s):  
Head Start ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
State Level ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Head Start Programs ◽  
The Impact

Objective: This article examines whether the availability of Head Start during the Great Recession mitigated the impact of this crisis on poverty rates among families with young children.Background: The first two decades of the 21st century have witnessed two major economic crises: the Great Recession and the COVID-19 pandemic. Poverty rates among families with young children grew substantially during the Great Recession. Families with young children are also more vulnerable to instability during the COVID-19 pandemic as job losses have been steeper and childcare availability has been significantly curtailed. Programs like Head Start that support at-risk families may mitigate such negative consequences.Method: This study uses data from the American Community Survey from 2006 through 2016 and state-level data on Head Start availability from Program Information Reports. Growth curve modeling is used to examine how the availability of Head Start predicted poverty growth during the Great Recession and the speed of recovery post-recession.Results: States with higher rates of Head Start enrollment had a smaller increase in family poverty during the Great Recession and a more stable recovery than states with lower Head Start enrollment.Conclusions: These findings suggest that greater access to Head Start programs prevented many families from falling into poverty and helped others exit poverty during the Great Recession.Implications: The findings provide clear, evidence-based policy recommendations. Increased federal funding for Head Start is needed to support families during a COVID-19 recession. States should supplement these allocations to expand Head Start enrollment for all eligible families.

scholarly journals Implementation of Cigarette Excise Policy against Cigarette Consumption Reduction among Adolescent in Kuningan, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Jani Ramjani ◽  
Fitri Kurnia Rahim ◽  
Icca Stella Amalia ◽  
Wahyu Manggala Putra
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Excise Taxes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Indonesia has the highest prevalence of smoking (50.68%) compared to other ASEAN countries. On January 1st, 2017, the Indonesian government raised cigarette excise taxes. The purpose of this study was to analysis the impact of cigarette excise increase on cigarette consumption among adolescents aged 17 to 25 years. The study design used cross-sectional survey. A total of 153 adolescents were recruited in this study through simple random sampling technique. Questionnaires and observation papers were used in this study. A face-to-face interview was conducted to fulfill the data collection through home visit for each respondent. The data were obtained during May – June 2017. This study used paired t test analysis. The number of cigarettes consumed by adolescent decreased significantly by two cigarettes per day after the increase in cigarette excise tax. There is a significant difference of the average cigarettes price based on the brand after the implementation of cigarette excise tax increase, the difference of cigarette price is IDR 200 per stick of cigarettes after excise tax increase. Increased cigarette excise taxes may affect the increasing of cigarette prices. Threfore, it could reduce the number of cigarette consumption.

THE IMPACT OF BUSINESS CLIMATE, FOREIGN POPULATION AND UNEMPLOYMENT ON NEW VENTURE CREATION

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 1250021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK HOELSCHER ◽  
BALASUBRAMANIAN ELANGO
Keyword(s):  
New Ventures ◽  
State Level ◽  
New Venture ◽  
New Venture Creation ◽  
Venture Creation ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Foreign Population ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Impact

This paper seeks to add to the literature on regional factors that drive development of new ventures. In particular, it investigates the effects of business climate, foreign population and unemployment on new venture creation. Using state level data from the time period 2003–2007, we find that while business climate and foreign population are positively related to new venture creation, unemployment is negatively related. Implications of this study for fostering entrepreneurship are discussed.

The Impact of Economic Freedom on the Black/White Income Gap

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 587-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary A. Hoover ◽  
Ryan A. Compton ◽  
Daniel C. Giedeman
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
State Level ◽  
Median Income ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
Income Disparities ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Black Households

Using state-level data from 1980-2010 we examine whether economic freedom, as measured by the Economic Freedom of North America Index, has had any impact in increasing or decreasing the ratio of median income for black households to the median income of white households. To our knowledge, there has been no research on racial income disparities and the role that economic freedom might have in alleviating or exacerbating the problem. We find evidence that economic freedom is associated with an increase in the racial income gap.

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