scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on physical activity and sedentary behaviour in Dutch cardiovascular disease patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. A. van Bakel ◽  
E. A. Bakker ◽  
F. de Vries ◽  
D. H. J. Thijssen ◽  
T. M. H. Eijsvogels
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Absolute Increase ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown restrictions may impact lifestyle and therefore also physical (in)activity patterns in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of lockdown on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Methods A total of 1565 Dutch CVD patients participated in this prospective cohort study, in which we compared physical activity and sedentary behaviour before and during the COVID-19 lockdown period. Baseline measures were assessed in 2018 and data on follow-up measures were collected between 17 and 24 April 2020 (5 weeks after the introduction of COVID-19 lockdown restrictions). Validated questionnaires were used to assess physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Results Moderate-to-vigorous physical activities increased from 1.6 (0.9, 2.8) to 2.0 (1.0, 3.5) h/day [median (interquartile range)] (p < 0.001) during the COVID-19 lockdown, mainly due to an increase in time spent walking and doing odd jobs. In contrast, time spent exercising significantly declined [1.0 (0.0, 2.3) to 0.0 (0.0, 0.6) h/week], whereas sedentary time increased from 7.8 (6.1, 10.4) to 8.9 (6.8, 11.4) h/day (p < 0.001). The absolute increase in physical activity was 13 (−36, 81) min/day, whereas sedentary behaviour increased by 55 (−72, 186) min/day. Conclusion Despite a small increase in physical activities, the larger increase in sedentary time induced a net reduction in habitual physical activity levels in Dutch CVD patients during the first-wave COVID-19 lockdown. Since a more inactive lifestyle is strongly associated with disease progression and mortality, we encourage CVD patients and their caregivers to explore novel solutions to increase physical activity levels and reduce sedentary time during (and beyond) the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Subjective reports of physical activity levels and sedentary time prior to hospital admission can predict utilization of hospital care and all-cause mortality among patients with cardiovascular disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 147451512092198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Ek ◽  
Lena V Kallings ◽  
Mattias Ekström ◽  
Mats Börjesson ◽  
Örjan Ekblom
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Background In prevention, sedentary behaviour and physical activity have been associated with risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. Less is known about associations with utilization of hospital care. Aim To investigate whether physical activity level and sedentary behaviour prior to cardiac ward admission can predict utilization of hospital care and mortality among patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods Longitudinal observational study including 1148 patients admitted and treated in cardiac wards in two hospitals. Subjective reports of physical activity levels and sedentary time prior to admission were collected during inpatient care and categorized as low, medium or high. The associations between physical activity level and sedentary time with hospital stay, readmission and mortality were analysed using linear, logistic and Cox regressions. Results Median hospital stay was 2.1 days. One higher step in the physical activity level, or lower sedentary time, was related to an approximately 0.9 days shorter hospital stay. Sixty per cent of patients were readmitted to hospital. The risk of being readmitted was lower for individuals reporting high physical activity and low sedentary time (odds ratios ranging between 0.44 and 0.91). A total of 200 deaths occurred during the study. Mortality was lower among those with high and medium physical activity levels and low sedentary time (hazard ratios ranging between 0.36 and 0.90). Conclusion Both physical activity level and sedentary time during the period preceding hospitalization for cardiac events were predictors of hospital utilization and mortality. This highlights the prognostic value of assessing patients’ physical activity and sedentary behaviour.

scholarly journals Physical activity and sedentary behaviour in cardiovascular disease patients during the COVID-19 lockdown in the Netherlands; a longitudinal cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
BMA Van Bakel ◽  
EA Bakker ◽  
F De Vries ◽  
DHJ Thijssen ◽  
TMH Eijsvogels
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort Study

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Dutch Heart Foundation - senior E-Dekker grant Physical activity and sedentary behaviour in cardiovascular disease patients during the COVID-19 lockdown in the Netherlands; a longitudinal cohort study Background Previous studies showed that the COVID-19 lockdown caused a more inactive lifestyle, but it is unknown whether these acute effects persist over time. We prospectively evaluated changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviour among chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients during the first-wave COVID-19 lockdown and aimed to identify factors associated with physical inactivity. Methods 1,565 CVD patients were included and baseline physical activity and sedentary behaviour were assessed using validated questionnaires at 5 weeks after the initiation of the Dutch lockdown (March 2020). Follow-up measures were collected every subsequent 4 weeks until July 2020. Multivariate mixed model analyses were performed to identify whether age, gender, CVD subtype, lockdown adherence and mental health factors impacted changes in physical (in)activity. Results Patients were 67 (interquartile range [60, 73]) years, mostly male (73%) and primarily diagnosed with myocardial infarction (48%) or angina pectoris (18%). Daily time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was 143 minutes (95% confidence interval (CI) 137; 148) at baseline, with almost no changes during follow-up on a group level (Δ+8.0 (95%CI -1.1; 17.0); Δ+11.2 (95%CI 1.9; 20.5) and Δ+8.0 (95%CI -1.5; 17.5) min/day after 4, 8 and 12 weeks, respectively).Female gender (Δ-40.7 (95%CI -48.5; -33.0) min/day); heart failure (Δ-23.0 (95%CI -36.5; -9.5) min/day); fear of a COVID-19 infection (Δ-6.6 (95%CI -9.4; -3.8) min/day) and limited possibilities for physical activity (Δ-7.4 (95%CI -10.1; -4.7) min/day) were independently associated with a decrease in physical activity. Sedentary time was 567 (95%CI 555; 578) min/day at baseline which did not change after 4 weeks (Δ+12.1 (95%CI -6.0; 30.2) min/day) and after 8 weeks (Δ+15.2 (95%CI -3.3; 33.8) min/day), but significantly increased after 12 weeks of follow-up (Δ+19.0 (95%CI 0.1; 37.8) min/day). Lack of social contact (Δ+8.4 (95%CI 2.3; 14.5); limited possibilities for physical activity (Δ+14.7 (95%CI 8.8; 20.5) and younger age (Δ+2.1 (95%CI 1.3; 2.8) min/day were independently associated with an increase in sedentary time. Conclusions A time-dependent increase in daily sedentary time was observed among chronic CVD patients during the COVID-19 lockdown, whereas physical activity levels did not substantially change. Our findings highlight the need to develop and implement novel solutions to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary time during (and beyond) the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in CVD patients who are female, younger, diagnosed with heart failure, have a lack of social contact, fear of COVID-19 infection and experience limited physical activity possibilities during the lockdown.

scholarly journals The Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Patterns of Children in Kindergarten and Grade 2

Children ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Crane ◽  
Patti-Jean Naylor ◽  
Viviene Temple
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Sedentary Behaviours ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Age Range

Accompanying the transition from early to middle childhood are substantial changes in children’s educational and recreational circumstances. These changes may affect physical activity levels. This study examined levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviours in kindergarten (age range 5–6 years) and grade 2 (age range 7–8 years). Participants were 96 kindergarten children recruited in the 2010–2011 and 2011–2012 school years and 94 grade 2 children recruited in the 2012–2013 and 2013–2014 school years. A sub-cohort of children was tracked longitudinally from kindergarten to grade 2. Accelerometers were used to measure physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Independent t-tests revealed that children in grade 2 spent significantly less time engaged in physical activity compared to those in kindergarten (292 min/day compared with 354 min/day) and more in sedentary behaviours (443 min/day compared with 368 min/day). For the longitudinal sample, the pattern was similar. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant decrease in physical activity levels (364 min/day to 292 min/day) and a significant increase in sedentary behaviour (368 min/day to 435 min/day) over time. There is a critical need to invest in strategies to maintain higher levels of physical activity across the primary years and reduce sedentary time, since these behaviours affect health outcomes.

scholarly journals Impact of physical activity on the risk of cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older adults: EPIC Norfolk prospective population study

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Lachman ◽  
S Matthijs Boekholdt ◽  
Robert N Luben ◽  
Stephen J Sharp ◽  
Soren Brage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Population Study ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Background There is broad consensus that regular physical activity yields major health benefits. However, current guidelines on physical activity are mainly aimed at middle-aged adults. It is unclear whether physical activity also translates into cardiovascular health benefits in older adults. Therefore, we aimed to compare the association between different levels of physical activity and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in elderly to middle-aged individuals. Methods We analysed data from the EPIC Norfolk prospective population study. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyse the association between physical activity levels and time to CVD events in three age categories (<55, 55–65 and >65 years). Interaction between age categories and physical activity levels was assessed. Results Analyses were based on 24,502 study participants aged 39–79 years. A total of 5240 CVD events occurred during 412,954 person-years follow-up (median follow-up was 18.0 years). Among individuals aged over 65 years, hazard ratios for CVD were 0.86 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78–0.96), 0.87 (95% CI 0.77–0.99) and 0.88 (95% CI 0.77–1.02) in moderately inactive, moderately active and active people, respectively, compared to inactive people. Among people aged 55–65 and less than 55 years, the associations were directionally similar, but not statistically significant. The interaction term between physical activity levels and age categories was not significant ( P = 0.38). Conclusion The inverse association between physical activity and the risk of CVD was significant in elderly and comparable with middle-aged individuals. In addition, we observed that modest levels of physical activity confer benefits in terms of CVD risk, compared to being completely inactive.

scholarly journals The types and levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour of Senior Phase learners in Potchefstroom

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 372-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna C.W. De Vos ◽  
Dorita Du Toit ◽  
Dané Coetzee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Sedentary Behaviours ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Activities

Background: Worldwide, the health risks of decreasing physical activity levels and increasing sedentary behaviour among adolescents are a raising concern.Objective: To determine the types and levels of physical activity as well as that of sedentary behaviour of a group Senior Phase learners in South Africa.Methods: The adapted Children's Leisure Activities Study Survey (CLASS) questionnaire was used for determining the types and levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour of 230 Grade 7 learners, from three schools in Potchefstroom. Data were analysed by means of the SAS statistics programme, and descriptive statistics, as well as independent t-tests andeffect sizes (ES) were used.Results: Moderate to high-intensity physical activity levels of between 334 and 361 min per week were found, and sedentary behaviour of between 3077 and 3410 min per week, which implies that between 70.7% and 71.9% of the participants, did not meet the recommended health-based guidelines. Higher activity levels were shown during weekends, where the boys were significantly more active than girls (p < 0.001; ES between 0.21 and 0.56), and girls showed more sedentary behaviours than the boys (ES between 0.18 and 0.20). The leisure time physical activities with the highest participation were soccer, recreational swimming, jogging and dancing, while the sedentary activities were listening to music, riding a vehicle and being busy on the phone.Conclusion: Strategies need to be implemented to raise the physical activity levels of Senior Phase learners, especially during weekdays, and to decrease sedentary behaviour. With this view in mind, recommendations are made for Physical Education teachers.

scholarly journals Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time among Children and Adolescents in Morocco: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issad Baddou ◽  
Asmaa El Hamdouchi ◽  
Imane El Harchaoui ◽  
Kaoutar Benjeddou ◽  
Naima Saeid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Guideline ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Objectively Measured

Background. Regular physical activity in childhood and adolescent plays an important role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular health diseases, diabetes, and obesity in adulthood. However, little is known about physical activity levels (PA) and sedentary time among children and adolescents in Morocco. Objective. To examine gender, type of day, and age grade differences in objectively measured sedentary time, physical activity levels, and physical activity guideline attainment among children and adolescents in Morocco. Method. 172 children/adolescents (mean age = 10.92 ± 1.55 years, 49.4% are boys) were recruited for this study and wore a tri-axial accelerometer (GT3X+) for 7 consecutive days. Time spent in sedentary, PA levels, and daily steps were measured and compared according to gender, age grade, and the type of day (weekdays/weekends). Results. In weekdays children/adolescents spent more time in sedentary than weekends (p < 0.001). Boys were eight times more likely to meet the recommendation for at least 60 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day than girls (OR: 8.569; 95% [CI]: 4.23–17.32), p < 0.001. Conclusion. These findings highlight the need for effective and sustainable strategies and programs aiming to promote physical activity and to reduce sedentary behavior among children and adolescents in Morocco.

Physical activity levels and hepatic steatosis: A longitudinal follow-up study in adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Mendes Gerage ◽  
Raphael Mendes Ritti-Dias ◽  
P Babu Balagopal ◽  
Raquel Dilguerian de Oliveira Conceição ◽  
Daniel Umpierre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

scholarly journals Objectively-measured sedentary time and physical activity in a bi-ethnic sample of young children: variation by socio-demographic, temporal and perinatal factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Collings ◽  
Sufyan A Dogra ◽  
Silvia Costa ◽  
Daniel D Bingham ◽  
Sally E. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Children ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Light Physical Activity ◽  
Asian Children ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Vector Magnitude ◽  
British Children

Abstract Background: Evidence suggests that South Asian school-aged children and adults are less active compared to the white British population. It is unknown if this generalises to young children. We aimed to describe variability in levels of physical activity and sedentary time in a bi-ethnic sample of young children from a deprived location. Methods: This observational study included 202 South Asian and 140 white British children aged 1.5 to 5y, who provided 3,181 valid days of triaxial accelerometry (Actigraph GT3X+). Variability in sedentary time and physical activity levels were analysed by linear multilevel modelling. Logistic multilevel regression was used to identify factors associated with physical inactivity (failing to perform ≥180 minutes of total physical activity including ≥60 minutes moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day). Results: There were no significant ethnic differences in the overall levels of behaviours; South Asian and white British children spent half of daily time sedentary, just over 40% in light physical activity, and the remaining 7.5 to 8% of time in MVPA. Sedentary time was lower and physical activity levels were higher in older children, and levels of MVPA and vector magnitude counts per minute (CPM) were higher on weekends compared to weekdays. In South Asian children, sedentary time was lower on weekends. Sedentary time was lower and physical activity levels were higher in spring compared to winter in white British children, and in all seasons compared to winter in South Asian children. South Asian children born at high birth weight performed more MVPA, and in both ethnicities there was some evidence that children with older mothers were more sedentary and less active. Sedentary time was higher and light physical activity was lower in South Asian children in the highest compared to the lowest income families. South Asian girls performed less MVPA, registered fewer vector magnitude CPM, and were 3.5 times more likely to be physically inactive than South Asian boys. Conclusions: Sedentary time and physical activity levels vary by socio-demographic, temporal and perinatal characteristics in young children from a deprived location. South Asian girls have the most to gain from efforts to increase physical activity levels.

scholarly journals Accelerometry-assessed physical activity and sedentary time and associations with chronic disease and hospital visits - a prospective cohort study with 15 years follow-up

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ing-Mari Dohrn ◽  
Anna-Karin Welmer ◽  
Maria Hagströmer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hospital Visits ◽  
Hospital Days

Abstract Background Associations of objectively assessed physical activity in different intensities and risk of developing chronic disease that requires hospital care have not yet been examined in long term population-based studies. Studies addressing the link between physical activity and sedentary time and subsequent hospital admissions are lacking. Objective To examine the prospective associations between physical activity and sedentary time with morbidity defined as: 1) a registered main diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, cancer, type-2 diabetes, dementia, obesity or depression; 2) number of in- and outpatient hospital visits; and 3) number of in-hospital days. Methods In total, 1220 women and men, 18–75 years, from the population-based Sweden Attitude Behaviour and Change study 2000–2001 were included. Time spent sedentary, in light-intensity physical activity and in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and total accelerometer counts were assessed using the ActiGraph 7164 accelerometer. Morbidity data were obtained 2016 from Swedish registers. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HR) of morbidity with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and negative binomial regression estimated incidence rate ratio (IRR) with 95% CI for number of hospital visits, and length of hospital stay. Results Over a follow-up of 14.4 years (SD = 1.6), 342 persons had at least one registered hospital visit due to any of the included diagnoses. Higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was associated with significant risk reductions for combined morbidity (all included diagnoses) (HR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.48–0.88) and cardiovascular disease (HR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.33–0.82). Higher total counts showed similar results, and was also associated with fewer hospital visits (IRR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.37–0.85). Higher sedentary time increased the risk of in-hospital days. (IRR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.20–4.74). Conclusion This study supports the importance of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity for preventing chronic disease that requires hospital care, especially cardiovascular disease. High volumes of sedentary behavior may increase the risk of future hospitalization. Our results support the public health message “sit less and move more”.

scholarly journals Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activities Are Associated with High Brown Adipose Tissue Density in Humans

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2796
Author(s):  
Riki Tanaka ◽  
Sayuri Fuse ◽  
Miyuki Kuroiwa ◽  
Shiho Amagasa ◽  
Tasuki Endo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Vigorous Intensity

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a role in adaptive thermogenesis in response to cold environments and dietary intake via sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation. It is unclear whether physical activity increases BAT density (BAT-d). Two-hundred ninety-eight participants (age: 41.2 ± 12.1 (mean ± standard deviation), height: 163.6 ± 8.3 cm, weight: 60.2 ± 11.0 kg, body mass index (BMI): 22.4 ± 3.0 kg/m2, body fat percentage: 25.4 ± 7.5%) without smoking habits were categorized based on their physical activity levels (a group performing physical activities including walking and moderate physical activity (WM) and a group performing WM + vigorous-intensity physical activities (VWM)). We measured the total hemoglobin concentration ([Total-Hb]) in the supraclavicular region, an index of BAT-d, and anthropometric parameters. [Total-Hb] was significantly higher in VWM than WM for all participant groups presumably owing to SNS activation during vigorous-intensity physical activities, and unrelated to the amount of total physical activity levels. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis revealed that BAT-d was related to visceral fat area and VWM in men and related to body fat percentage in women. We conclude that vigorous-intensity physical activities are associated with high BAT-d in humans, especially in men.

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