A quantitative analysis of the ramganga drainage basin and structural control on drainage pattern in the fault zones, Uttarakhand

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. L. Asthana ◽  
Anil K. Gupta ◽  
Khayingshing Luirei ◽  
S. K. Bartarya ◽  
S. K. Rai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Structural Control ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Drainage Pattern

scholarly journals Morphometric Analysis of Khag Micro-Watershed in North-West Himalayas of Kashmir Using GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques

2021 ◽  
pp. 138-155
Author(s):  
Rajnish Yadav ◽  
Mohammad Iqbal Bhat ◽  
Faisul-Ur- Rasool ◽  
Shabir Ahmed Bangroo ◽  
Roheela Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Structural Control ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
North West

Morphometric analysis is of vital importance in any hydrological research and is inevitable in development and management of watershed. Using the watershed as the main unit of morphometric characterization is the most logical choice, as well as geomorphological and hydrological processes take place within the drainage basin. A critical assessment and evaluation of morphometric parameters of Khag micro-watershed was accomplished through measurement of relief, linear and aerial aspects using Geographical Information System (GIS). The watershed boundaries, aspect, slope, digital elevation model (DEM), profile graph of topography, drainage order and drainage density mapswere generated for detailed study of micro-watershed using Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) data. The study area was designated as fourth order basin with the drainage area of 34.32 km2 and shows dendritic drainage pattern. The total length, drainage density and mean bifurcation ratio (Rb) were found to be 38.84 km, 1.13km/km2 and 1.73, respectively. The Khag micro-watershed showed the greater Rb value, which directs a strong structural control in the runoff pattern. A decrease in the stream frequency of flow was also observed with an increase in the order of flow. The shape parameters such as circulatory ratio, elongation ratio, length of over land flow, form factor and drainage texture of Khag micro-watershed were 0.42, 0.56, 0.43 km, 0.24 and 1.66, respectively. The Khag micro-watershed is elongated in shape and dendritic in drainage pattern. This can be attributed to the fact that the lithology and structural controls are more or less uniform. Relative relief and ruggedness number were 0.065 and 2.39 and are likely to subject the micro watershed to maximum soil erosion that demands, instantaneous soil conservation measure to be taken by watershed managers for its stability and sustainability. These studies area advantageous for the planning of rainwater harvesting and the management of the catchment area.

Structural Development and Geomorphic Relationship in Wadi Atyaruh, Al Jabal Al Akhdar, NE Libya

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Fawzi Moftah ◽  
MacTar Mohamed ◽  
Alzubair Abousaif
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Groundwater Prospect ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing

The present study has been carried out to analyze the relationship between faulting and geomorphology of the Wadi Atyaruh to reveal the effect of structures on the morphology and distribution of the different karst features. Geographical Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) techniques were applied to investigate morphological and topographic characteristics of Wadi Atyaruh, based on ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model (ASTER GDEM) Version 3 (V3) data. Dextral strike-slip fault is the main faulting type in the valley. Conjugate faults system has been found in the study area, which reveals the orientations of the principal stresses. Wadi Atyaruh consists mainly of Dernah formations (Eocene) and Quaternary deposits. Two types of Karren have been recognized, they are Rillen karren and solution basis which are well distributed in Darnah formation. Caves are found in the Darnah formation, the passages and chambers of these caves show a phreatic bedding plane, elliptical shape, laminar profiles, and rectangular and rounded top vadose profiles. The drainage system of this valley is sub-parallel drainage pattern to dendritic drainage pattern, indicating that the area has affected by strike-slip movement (Dextral), joints and it has steep slopes. interpretation of DEM of study area indicate moderate and high relief, low run off and high infiltrations due to the nature of the fracture carbonate rock, the basin have early mature stage of erosion development. Geomorphic parameters such as hill shade, slop, aspect, area shaded and elevation maps, was produced to describe geomorphic forms and processes of the Wadi Atyaruh. The complete morphometric analysis of drainage basin indicates that the given area is having good groundwater prospect.

scholarly journals Cenozoic tectonics of the Western Approaches Channel basins and its control of local drainage systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 182 (5) ◽  
pp. 451-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Le Roy ◽  
Claire Gracia-Garay ◽  
Pol Guennoc ◽  
Jean-François Bourillet ◽  
Jean-Yves Reynaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Structural Control ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Sedimentary Cover ◽  
Outer Shelf ◽  
English Channel ◽  
The North ◽  
Tectonic Inversion ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Tectonic Movements

Abstract The geology of the Channel Western Approaches is a key to understand the post-rift evolution of the NW European continental margin in relation with the Europe/Africa collision. Despite considerable evidence of Tertiary tectonic inversion throughout the Channel basin, the structures and amplitudes of the tectonic movements remain poorly documented across the French sector of the Western Approaches. The effect of the tectonic inversion for the evolution of the “Channel River”, the major system that flowed into the English Channel during the Plio-Quaternary eustatic lowstands, also needs to be clarified. Its drainage basin was larger than the present-day English Channel and constituted the source of terrigenous fluxes of the Armorican and Celtic deep sea fans. A lack of high-resolution seismic data motivated the implementation of the GEOMOC and GEOBREST cruises, whose main results are presented in this paper. The new observations highlight the diachronism and the contrast in amplitudes of the deformations involved in the inversion of the French Western Approaches. The tectonic inversion can be described in two stages: a paroxysmal Paleogene stage including two episodes, Eocene (probably Ypresian) and Oligocene, and a more moderate Neogene stage subdivided into Miocene and Pliocene episodes, driven by the reactivation of the same faults. The deformations along the North Iroise fault (NIF) located at the termination of the Medio-Manche fault produced forced folds in the sedimentary cover above the deeper faults. The tectonic inversion generated uplift of about 700 m of the mid-continental shelf south of the NIF. The isochron map of the reflectors bounding the identified seismic sequences clearly demonstrates a major structural control on the geometry of the Neogene deposits. First, the uplift of the eastern part of the Iroise basin during the upper Miocene favoured the onset of a broad submarine delta system that developed towards the subsiding NW outer shelf. The later evolution of the ’palaeovalley’ network corresponding to the western termination of the “Channel River” exhibits a ’bayonet’ pattern marked by a zigzagging pattern of valleys, with alternating segments orientated N040oE and N070oE, controlled by Neogene faulting. The palaeovalley network could have begun during Reurevian or Pre-Tiglian sea-level lowstands, which exposed the entire shelf below the shelf edge. The amplitude of the sea-level fall is assumed to have been magnified by uplift of the Iroise basin, followed by later tilting of the outer shelf, as observed in many other examples documented along the North Atlantic margins.

scholarly journals MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF WADI DARNAH WATERSHED NE LIBYA, USING GIS TECHNIQUES

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-49
Author(s):  
Nouria El Hadi. A. Aboshaala
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Structural Control ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Stream Network ◽  
Gis Techniques ◽  
Drainage Patterns

Wadi Darnah is about 586 km2 and lies in the northern portion of the Al Jabil AL Akhdar. The Wadi drains into the Mediterranean Sea. The present study incorporates a morphometric analysis of Wadi Darnah by using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and topographic sheets were processed in ArcGIS software. The study revealed that the drainage patterns of stream network from the basin are mainly of dendritic type which indicates homogeneity in texture and lack of structural control. The bifurcation ratio value of 4.53 indicates that the area is not much influenced by the geological structure and undisturbed drainage pattern. The study area is of the low density group basins (2.09 km-1). The elongation ratio (0.36), circularity ratio (0.14) and form factor (0.10) show elongated basin with steep relief, moderate discharge, and a long main channel. The basin has a high relief up to 850 m, which leads to a high rate of runoff but the effect of this water flow is reduced by the high infiltration capacity due to the high rate of karstification and karst features in the basin area.

scholarly journals Geomorphological study of Kleinovitikos stream drainage network (Trikala prefecture - western Thessaly)

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 1365
Author(s):  
G. D. Bathrellos ◽  
H. D. Skilodimou ◽  
G. Livaditis ◽  
E. Verikiou-Papaspiridakou
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Drainage Network ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
Tectonic Structure ◽  
Tectonic Structures ◽  
Secondary Cracks ◽  
Prevailing Direction

The Kleinovitikos stream is a tributary ofPineios River in the Western Thessaly. Its basin drainages parts of mountain range of Southern Pindos as well as the mountain of Koziaka. In this study a quantitative analysis of drainage network was accomplished and the relation of tectonics features with the watershed and the channels of drainage network were investigated. The main channel of the drainage network is of 6th order, while the dominated type of the network is the trellis drainage pattern. The morphological slopes of the basin show various fluctuations. The gentle slopes express erosional landforms while the steep ones represent geological and tectonic structures. It was noted by the quantitative analysis of the drainage network that the geological and tectonic structure of the area affects in its evolution. Moreover, the outcrop of heterogeneous lithological formations in the basin affects the values of drainage density and frequency. The lithology and the secondary cracks involve in the prevailing direction of the watershed. The streams of 1st -3r order are controlled by the younger cracks; the younger cracks as well as the older Alpine cracks have an influence on the streams of 4' and 5' order, and the Alpine tectonic activity affects the stream of 6' order.

scholarly journals Parageneses of fractures in large fault zones of West Transbaikalia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 889-908
Author(s):  
A. V. Cheremnykh
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Focal Mechanisms ◽  
Rock Fracturing ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Tectonic Development ◽  
Paleoseismic Dislocations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cenozoic Sediments

Our study was focused on the parageneses of heterogeneous fractures in the large fault zones of West Transbaikalia,Russia. We reconstructed the latest deformation in the fault zones of Transbaikalia, within which paleoseismic dislocations are known and M 4.7 earthquakes take place. To obtain statistically justified solutions on the kinematic types of the largest faults ofWest Transbaikalia, we collected the required data and conducted the structural and paragenetic analysis of the fractures in the study area. In the Chikoi-Ingoda, Khilok, North Tugnui andNorth Zaganfault zones, we created a network of 54 observation points and measured more than 5500 details of local fractures and faults. Recorded were the observed slickensides, the displacements of markers, and other details of rock fracturing. Based on the analysis results, we calculated a ratio of heterochronous dynamic settings for formation of the observed fault group. It shows that NW-SE-trending extension and compression are dominant in the study region. The parageneses of E-NE-striking faults, i.e. regional faults longitudinal to the depressions ofWest Transbaikalia, are abundant in the studied fault zones and generally observed in heterochronous formations, including the Cenozoic sediments. This fact, along with the focal mechanisms of the recently recorded earthquakes, suggests that these faults are young. Besides, in the Tugnui basin and the area southeast of the Chikoy depression, the right-lateral strike-slip setting was reconstructed for E-NE-trending faults. Our study pioneers in the quantitative analysis of the fault parageneses ofWest Transbaikalia. Considering the development of the network of large faults in the study area, we reconstructed the main stages and the kinematic types of the second-order fractures that constitute the internal structure of the studied fault zones at each stage of their tectonic development. 

scholarly journals Morphometric and Sub-Watershed Analysis of Taraka Watershed, H.D. Kote Taluk, Mysuru District, Karnataka, India using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 953-962
Author(s):  
Basavaraju Basavaraju ◽  
D. Nagaraju D. Nagaraju
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Structural Control ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Remote Sensing And Gis ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
Watershed Analysis ◽  
Coarse Texture ◽  
Gis Software

The current research work is an attempt to study of drainage area covering 429 sqkms comprising of 10 sub-watersheds they are namely Heggadadevanakote, Budanuru, Kodasige, Yedenhundi, Sunkadakatte, Nagarahole, Muruganahalli, Heggadapura, Kalhalla, Sarathihole. The research area has strong structural control shows that the 10 sub-basins named as the normal category. Different parameters of morphometric were used, Arc-Info and Arc -View GIS software was used to analysis the morphometric parameters and drainage characteristics, Sub-basin have been delineated by drainage pattern. The drainage pattern suggesting very coarse to coarse texture and the density explains the texture of drainage is related to coarse as geomorphic development their late youth stage and values suggest that Form factor, Circulatory ratio, Sub-basins are circular to elongated in shape.

scholarly journals Γεωμορφολογική και μορφοτεκτονική ανάλυση της λεκάνης απορροής του Μαλακασιώτικου ρέματος (Δυτ. Θεσσαλία-νομός Τρικάλων).

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Γ. ΜΠΑΘΡΕΛΛΟΣ ◽  
Χ. ΣΚΥΛΟΔΗΜΟΥ ◽  
Γ. ΛΕΙΒΑΔΙΤΗΣ ◽  
Ε. ΒΕΡΥΚΙΟΥ- ΠΑΠΑΣΠΥΡΙΔΑΚΟΥ
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Drainage Network ◽  
Tectonic Structure ◽  
Neotectonic Activity ◽  
Pinios River ◽  
The Relationship

The Malakasiotiko stream is one of the tributaries of Pinios River in Western Thessaly. The drainage basin of Malakasiotiko stream is located in the northwestern part of the mountainous zone of Trikala Prefecture. In this paper, the drainage network of Malakasiotiko stream has been analyzed. Additionally, the relationship among the tectonism, the growth directions of the watershed lines, and the drainage network. The quantitative analysis of the drainage network has resulted that the geological and tectonic structure of the area affected, and potentially has been affecting its development. The morphotectonic analysis has shown that the watershed lines of the drainage basin and the streams of 1st to 4th order are influenced by alpine structure, whereas the 5th, 6th and the 7th order streams are influenced by neotectonic activity.

Extensional reactivation of a deep transpressional architecture: Insights from sandbox analogue modeling applied to the Val d’Agri basin (Southern Apennines, Italy)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. SD55-SD66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo D’Adda ◽  
Roberto Longoni ◽  
Corrado Magistroni ◽  
Marco Meda ◽  
Fabrizio Righetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Control ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Fault Systems ◽  
Analogue Models ◽  
Platform Carbonates ◽  
Structural Architecture

The structural framework of the Val d’Agri region results from the superposition of different deformation events over time. In this area, the largest European onshore oil field was discovered in the 1980s, and since then, much geologic and geophysical data have been collected. However, the structural complexity and the poor quality of subsurface data have prevented a full understanding of fault evolution and kinematics so far. In this study, scaled sandbox analogue models have been used to better understand the role of syn-rift inheritance in the present-day structural architecture and to test different possible mechanisms of interaction between inherited transpressional structures at depth and newly formed extensional fault systems at shallow levels during regional quaternary extensional tectonics. Analogue models included two consecutive sinistral transpressional phases deforming the basement and the overlying Apulian Platform carbonates, affected by preexisting northeast–southwest-oriented extensional fault zones. The third phase of the experiments consisted of extensional reactivation of the previously formed transpressional structures. Different kinematic solutions were used to investigate the causal relationships between deep and shallow deformation structures. The very good similarity between the experimental results and the natural prototype strongly supports the presence at depth of a main northeast–southwest-oriented syn-rift extensional fault zone, which was affected by positive inversion during the transpressional deformation of the Apulian Platform below the Val d’Agri area. Comparison of experimental results with fault patterns interpreted on available seismic lines indicates that, despite that no direct connection from deep to shallow faults has been recognized, some structural control of the fault pattern at depth on the evolution of the Val d’Agri quaternary extensional fault systems at shallow depth is possible. Extensional deformations at depth can be accommodated by newly formed faults or by the extensional reactivation of inherited high-angle transpressional fault zones.

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