The impact of global and local context information on the processing of deceptive actions in game sports

The present article highlights the importance of the English language in the career of the students of engineering both in global and local contexts. The main objective of this article is to explore the impact of English language on the career of the students of engineering all over the world in general and in Nepal in particular. Based primarily on the literature review for the necessary data, it reveals the fact that the English language is a most essential language for the students of engineering not only in Nepal but it is equally relevant in the global context as well. It suggests that there is widespread application of English language in the feld of engineering. Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2015, 11(1): 182-188

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Contextualized Point-of-Interest Recommendation

Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence ◽

10.24963/ijcai.2020/344 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Peng Han ◽

Zhongxiao Li ◽

Yong Liu ◽

Peilin Zhao ◽

Jing Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Common Property ◽

Recommendation System ◽

Contextual Information ◽

Optimization Method ◽

Graph Laplacian ◽

Local Context ◽

Context Information ◽

Point Of Interest ◽

Poi Recommendation ◽

Global And Local

Point-of-interest (POI) recommendation has become an increasingly important sub-field of recommendation system research. Previous methods employ various assumptions to exploit the contextual information for improving the recommendation accuracy. The common property among them is that similar users are more likely to visit similar POIs and similar POIs would like to be visited by the same user. However, none of existing methods utilize similarity explicitly to make recommendations. In this paper, we propose a new framework for POI recommendation, which explicitly utilizes similarity with contextual information. Specifically, we categorize the context information into two groups, i.e., global and local context, and develop different regularization terms to incorporate them for recommendation. A graph Laplacian regularization term is utilized to exploit the global context information. Moreover, we cluster users into different groups, and let the objective function constrain the users in the same group to have similar predicted POI ratings. An alternating optimization method is developed to optimize our model and get the final rating matrix. The results in our experiments show that our algorithm outperforms all the state-of-the-art methods.

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Nymph Piss and Gravy Orgies: Local and Global Contrast Effects in Relational Humor

10.31234/osf.io/3r7fw ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cynthia S. Q. Siew ◽

Tomas Engelthaler ◽

Thomas Hills

Keyword(s):

Word Pair ◽

Local Level ◽

Semantic Distance ◽

Local Context ◽

Large Set ◽

Local Contrast ◽

Global Contrast ◽

Letter Frequency ◽

Global And Local ◽

The Impact

How does the relation between two words create humor? In this paper, we investigated the effect of global and local contrast on the humor of word pairs. We capitalized on the existence of psycholinguistic lexical norms by examining violations of expectations set up by typical patterns of English usage (global contrast) and within the local context of the words within the word pairs (local contrast). Global contrast was operationalized as lexical-semantic norms for single-words and local contrast was operationalized as the orthographic, phonological, and semantic distance between the two words in the pair. Through crowdsourced (Study 1) and best-worst (Study 2) ratings of the humor of a large set of word pairs (i.e., compounds), we find evidence of both global and local contrast on compound-word humor. Specifically, we find that humor arises when there is a violation of expectations at the local level, between the individual words that make up the word pair, even after accounting for violations at the global level relative to the entire language. Semantic variables (arousal, dominance, concreteness) were stronger predictors of word pair humor whereas form-related variables (number of letters, phonemes, letter frequency) were stronger predictors of single-word humor. Moreover, we also find evidence for the specific ways in which semantic dissimilarity can increase humor, by using local contrast to defuse the impact of low-valence words by making them seem amusing, or to enhance the incongruence of highly imageable pairs of concrete words.

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Global-and-Local Context Network for Semantic Segmentation of Street View Images

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20102907 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (10) ◽

pp. 2907 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Chih-Yang Lin ◽

Yi-Cheng Chiu ◽

Hui-Fuang Ng ◽

Timothy K. Shih ◽

Kuan-Hung Lin

Keyword(s):

Network Architecture ◽

Spatial Information ◽

Semantic Segmentation ◽

Local Network ◽

Local Context ◽

Context Information ◽

Test Accuracy ◽

Multi Scale ◽

Street View ◽

Global And Local

Semantic segmentation of street view images is an important step in scene understanding for autonomous vehicle systems. Recent works have made significant progress in pixel-level labeling using Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) framework and local multi-scale context information. Rich global context information is also essential in the segmentation process. However, a systematic way to utilize both global and local contextual information in a single network has not been fully investigated. In this paper, we propose a global-and-local network architecture (GLNet) which incorporates global spatial information and dense local multi-scale context information to model the relationship between objects in a scene, thus reducing segmentation errors. A channel attention module is designed to further refine the segmentation results using low-level features from the feature map. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed GLNet achieves 80.8% test accuracy on the Cityscapes test dataset, comparing favorably with existing state-of-the-art methods.

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Dilated Skip Convolution for Facial Landmark Detection

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19245350 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (24) ◽

pp. 5350

Author(s):

Seyha Chim ◽

Jin-Gu Lee ◽

Ho-Hyun Park

Keyword(s):

Local Context ◽

Context Information ◽

Landmark Detection ◽

Shape Information ◽

Facial Landmark Detection ◽

Facial Expression Analysis ◽

Facial Landmark ◽

Main Components ◽

Convolution Filters ◽

Global And Local

Facial landmark detection has gained enormous interest for face-related applications due to its success in facial analysis tasks such as facial recognition, cartoon generation, face tracking and facial expression analysis. Many studies have been proposed and implemented to deal with the challenging problems of localizing facial landmarks from given images, including large appearance variations and partial occlusion. Studies have differed in the way they use the facial appearances and shape information of input images. In our work, we consider facial information within both global and local contexts. We aim to obtain local pixel-level accuracy for local-context information in the first stage and integrate this with knowledge of spatial relationships between each key point in a whole image for global-context information in the second stage. Thus, the pipeline of our architecture consists of two main components: (1) a deep network for local-context subnet that generates detection heatmaps via fully convolutional DenseNets with additional kernel convolution filters and (2) a dilated skip convolution subnet—a combination of dilated convolutions and skip-connections networks—that are in charge of robustly refining the local appearance heatmaps. Through this proposed architecture, we demonstrate that our approach achieves state-of-the-art performance on challenging datasets—including LFPW, HELEN, 300W and AFLW2000-3D—by leveraging fully convolutional DenseNets, skip-connections and dilated convolution architecture without further post-processing.

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Cultural and Creative Cities and Regional Economic Efficiency: Context Conditions as Catalyzers of Cultural Vibrancy and Creative Economy

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13137150 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 7150

Author(s):

Silvia Cerisola ◽

Elisa Panzera

Keyword(s):

Fixed Effects ◽

Local Context ◽

Creative Economy ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Creative Cities ◽

Economic Output ◽

Innovative Methodology ◽

Holistic Conception ◽

Panel Fixed Effects ◽

The Impact

Following the hype that has been given to culture and creativity as triggers and enhancers of local economic performance in the last 20 years, this work originally contributes to the literature with the objective of assessing the impact of cultural and creative cities (CCCs) on the economic output of their regions. In this sense, the cultural and creative character of cities is considered a strategic strength and opportunity that can spillover, favoring the economic system of the entire regions in which the cities are located. Through an innovative methodology that exploits a regional production function estimated by a panel fixed effects model, the effect of cities’ cultural vibrancy and creative economy on the output of their regions is econometrically explored. The data source is the Cultural and Creative Cities Monitor (CCCM) provided by the JRC, which also allows the investigation of the possible role played by the enabling environment in catalyzing the action of cultural vibrancy and creative economy. The results are thoroughly examined: especially through cultural vibrancy, CCCs strategically support the output of their region. This is particularly the case when local context conditions—such as human capital and education, openness, tolerance and trust, and quality of governance—catalyze their effect. Overall, CCCs contribute to feeding a long-term self-supporting system, interpreted according to a holistic conception that includes economic, social, cultural, and environmental domains.

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Evidence-Based Design in Architectural Education: Designing the First Maggie’s Centre in Israel

HERD Health Environments Research & Design Journal ◽

10.1177/19375867211007945 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 193758672110079

Author(s):

Nirit Putievsky Pilosof ◽

Yasha Jacob Grobman

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Architectural Design ◽

Early Stage ◽

Scientific Research ◽

Well Being ◽

Architectural Education ◽

Local Context ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Architecture Education ◽

The Impact

Objective The study examines the integration of the Evidence-based Design (EBD) approach in healthcare architecture education in the context of an academic design studio. Background Previous research addressed the gap between scientific research and architectural practice and the lack of research on the use of the EBD approach in architectural education. Methods The research examines an undergraduate architectural studio to design a Maggie’s Centre for cancer care in Israel and evaluates the impact of the EBD approach on the design process and design outcomes. The research investigates the impact of the integration of three predesign tasks: (1) literature review of healing architecture research, (2) analysis and comparison of existing Maggie’s Centres, and (3) analysis of the context of the design project. Results The literature review of scientific research supported the conceptual design and development of the projects. The analysis of existing Maggie’s centers, which demonstrated the interpretation of the evidence by different architects, developed the students’ ability to evaluate EBD in practice critically, and the study of the projects’ local context led the students to define the relevance of the evidence to support their vision for the project. Conclusions The research demonstrates the advantages of practicing EBD at an early stage in healthcare architectural education to enhance awareness of the impact of architectural design on the users’ health and well-being and the potential to support creativity and innovative design. More studies in design studios are needed to assess the full impact of integrating EBD in architectural education.

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A qualitative study of organisational response to national quality standards for 7-day services in English hospitals

BMC Health Services Research ◽

10.1186/s12913-021-06213-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth Sutton ◽

Julian Bion ◽

Russell Mannion ◽

Janet Willars ◽

Elizabeth Shaw ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organisational Culture ◽

National Standards ◽

Local Context ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Improvement Strategy ◽

Senior Staff ◽

National Quality ◽

History Of ◽

Day Services ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background National standards are commonly used as an improvement strategy in healthcare, but organisations may respond in diverse and sometimes negative ways to external quality demands. This paper describes how a sample of NHS hospital trusts in England responded to the introduction of national standards for 7-day services (7DS), from an organisational behaviour perspective. Methods We conducted 43 semi-structured interviews with executive/director level and clinical staff, in eight NHS trusts that varied in size, location, and levels of specialist staffing at weekends. We explored approaches to implementing standards locally, and the impact of organisational culture and local context on organisational response. Results Senior staff in the majority of trusts described a focus on hitting targets and achieving compliance with the standards. Compliance-based responses were associated with a hierarchical organisational culture and focus on external performance. In a minority of trusts senior staff described mobilising commitment-based strategies. In these trusts senior staff reframed the external standards in terms of organisational values, and used co-operative strategies for achieving change. Trusts that took a commitment-based approach tended to be described as having a developmental organisational culture and a history of higher performance across the board. Audit data on 7DS showed improvement against standards for most trusts, but commitment-focused trusts were less likely to demonstrate improvements on the 7DS audit. The ability of trusts to respond to external standards was limited when they were under pressure due to a history of overall poor performance or resource limitations. Conclusions National standards and audit for service-level improvement generate different types of response in different local settings. Approaches to driving improvement nationally need to be accompanied by resources and tailored support for improvement, taking into account local context and organisational culture.

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Point-of-Interest Recommendation with Global and Local Context

IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering ◽

10.1109/tkde.2021.3059744 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Peng Han ◽

Shuo Shang ◽

Aixin Sun ◽

Peilin Zhao ◽

Kai Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Local Context ◽

Point Of Interest ◽

Global And Local

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