The Effect of Cutting Speed and Depth of Cut on Surface Roughness During Machining of Austempered Ductile Iron

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Parhad ◽  
Ajay Likhite ◽  
Jatin Bhatt ◽  
Dilip Peshwe
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Austempered Ductile Iron ◽  
Depth Of Cut

The Effects of Cutting Speed and Depth of Cut on Machinability Characteristics of Austempered Ductile Iron

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Akdemir ◽  
Şakir Yazman ◽  
Hacı Saglam ◽  
Mesut Uyaner
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
Tangential Force ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Salt Bath ◽  
Austempered Ductile Iron ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Depth Of Cut

Ductile iron can acquire enhanced thermal and mechanical properties from austempering heat treatment. The present study aims to identify the function of different cutting parameters affecting machinability and to quantify its effects. Turning was performed to test machinability according to the ISO3685-1993 (E) standard. After austenitizing at 900 °C for 90 min, austempered ductile iron (ADI) specimens were quenched in a salt bath at 380 °C for 90 min. The cutting force signals along three directions were measured in real time, whereas flank wear and surface roughness were measured offline. For the cutting parameters, the cutting speed and depth of cut were varied, but the feed rate was kept constant. In the flank wear tests, machining length was corresponded to tool life. In addition, in order to find out the effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness (Ra), tangential force (Ft), and flank wear (VB) during turning, response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized by using experimental data. The effect of the depth of cut on the surface roughness was negligible but considerable in the cutting forces. The increased cutting speed produced a positive effect on surface roughness. It is found that the cutting speed was the dominant factor on the surface roughness, tangential force, and flank wear.

Evaluation of the Performance of CBN Tools When Turning Austempered Ductile Iron Material

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Aslantas ◽  
İ. Ucun ◽  
K. Gök
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Cubic Boron Nitride ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Salt Bath ◽  
Austempered Ductile Iron ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Tool Performance ◽  
Austempering Temperature

The study deals with the machinability properties of austempered ductile iron using cubic boron nitride cutting tools. To emphasize the role of the austempering process, ductile iron specimens were first austenitized in salt bath at 900°C for 60min, after which they were quenched in a salt bath at 250°C and 325°C for 60min. Machining tests were carried out at various cutting speeds under the constant depth of cut and the feed rate. Tool performance was evaluated based on the workpiece surface roughness and flank wear. The influence of the austempering temperature and cutting speed on the chip form was also studied. The results point out that the lower austempering temperature results in the increase in the cutting forces, while better surface roughness is attained.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Parameter Proses Milling pada Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) Terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan Benda Kerja dan Chip Thickness Ratio

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Rusnaldy Rusnaldy ◽  
Yusuf Umardani ◽  
Diva Tsamara Putra ◽  
Jovian Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Chip Thickness ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Salt Bath ◽  
Thickness Ratio ◽  
Austempered Ductile Iron ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Dynamic Wear

<p><em>Austempered ductile iron (ADI) is a difficult material for machining, </em><em>even though ADI is believed to have several advantages such as strength, ductility, high toughness, fatigue resistance, good dynamic wear resistance, has a good strength-to-weight ratio, easy to manufacture  and easy to cast that causes it to be widely used in various applications.  </em><em>This study investigates the effect of milling parameters on surface rougness and chip thickness ratio on milling of ADI. To produce ADI, ductile irons  were first austenitized in furnace at 900<sup>o</sup>C for 1 hour and then they were quenched in salt bath at 375<sup>o</sup>C for 1 hour. The work material was machined with uncoated carbide tool. The tool was 20 mm in diameter. The cutting experiments were carried out in the dry mode. The feed was varied from 0.05 to 0.1 mm/tooth for cutting speed ranging from 15 m/min to 25 mm/min and depth of cut ranging from 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm. The surface roughness was measured using the Mitutoyo SJ-201, surface roughness machine. The chip thickness was measured using software Image J from the photograph produced by digital microscope endoscope. The results show that connected and loose chips were produced. Long and continuous chips were not found in this study. The effects of cutting speeds, feeds and depth of cut on surface roughness and chip thickness ratio  are reported in this paper</em><em></em></p>

Research on the Surface Roughness Predictive Model of Austempered Ductile Iron Based on Genetic Algorithm

2012 ◽  
Vol 497 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Ting Ting Chen ◽  
Xu Hong Guo ◽  
Hao Jin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Austempered Ductile Iron ◽  
Dry Cutting ◽  
Quenching Temperature

As a search algorithm for optimization based on the mechanics of natural selection and genetics, Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been widely used for solving optimization problems in various fields. According to the present manufacture situation of Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI), three samples with different quenching temperature were prepared and their mechanical properties were tested. The ceramic cutter CC6050 were used in the precise dry cutting experiment and 2205 profilometer was used to measure the surface roughness of the workpieces. The predictive models of the surface roughness during the dry finishing process were established based on Genetic Algorithm, then the results were compared with those gotten by multiple regressions, and the relationship between the surface roughness and the quenching temperature was analyzed. the cutting speed and the feed rate has greater impact on the surface roughness among the three cutting parameters, and the obtained surface roughness was larger as the quenching temperature increased.

Effects of Process Parameters on Surface Roughness and MRR in the hard turning of EN 36 steel

2018 ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
Amritpal Singh ◽  
Rakesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Material Removal Rate ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Hard Turning ◽  
Control Parameter ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Cutting Condition ◽  
Dry Cutting

In the present study, Experimental investigation of the effects of various cutting parameters on the response parameters in the hard turning of EN36 steel under the dry cutting condition is done. The input control parameters selected for the present work was the cutting speed, feed and depth of cut. The objective of the present work is to minimize the surface roughness to obtain better surface finish and maximization of material removal rate for better productivity. The design of experiments was done with the help of Taguchi L9 orthogonal array. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to find out the significance of the input parameters on the response parameters. Percentage contribution for each control parameter was calculated using ANOVA with 95 % confidence value. From results, it was observed that feed is the most significant factor for surface roughness and the depth of cut is the most significant control parameter for Material removal rate.

Possible examinations of stone machining focused on the relationship between technological parameters and surface quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zs. Kun ◽  
I. G. Gyurika
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Motion Path ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Manufacturing Time

Abstract The stone products with different sizes, geometries and materials — like machine tool's bench, measuring machine's board or sculptures, floor tiles — can be produced automatically while the manufacturing engineer uses objective function similar to metal cutting. This function can minimise the manufacturing time or the manufacturing cost, in other cases it can maximise of the tool's life. To use several functions, manufacturing engineers need an overall theoretical background knowledge, which can give useful information about the choosing of technological parameters (e.g. feed rate, depth of cut, or cutting speed), the choosing of applicable tools or especially the choosing of the optimum motion path. A similarly important customer's requirement is the appropriate surface roughness of the machined (cut, sawn or milled) stone product. This paper's first part is about a five-month-long literature review, which summarizes in short the studies (researches and results) considered the most important by the authors. These works are about the investigation of the surface roughness of stone products in stone machining. In the second part of this paper the authors try to determine research possibilities and trends, which can help to specify the relation between the surface roughness and technological parameters. Most of the suggestions of this paper are about stone milling, which is the least investigated machining method in the world.

scholarly journals Investigation on the Surface Quality Obtained during Trochoidal Milling of 6082 Aluminum Alloy

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Nikolaos E. Karkalos ◽  
Panagiotis Karmiris-Obratański ◽  
Szymon Kurpiel ◽  
Krzysztof Zagórski ◽  
Angelos P. Markopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
High Surface Quality ◽  
Trochoidal Milling

Surface quality has always been an important goal in the manufacturing industry, as it is not only related to the achievement of appropriate geometrical tolerances but also plays an important role in the tribological behavior of the surface as well as its resistance to fatigue and corrosion. Usually, in order to achieve sufficiently high surface quality, process parameters, such as cutting speed and feed, are regulated or special types of cutting tools are used. In the present work, an alternative strategy for slot milling is adopted, namely, trochoidal milling, which employs a more complex trajectory for the cutting tool. Two series of experiments were initially conducted with traditional and trochoidal milling under various feed and cutting speed values in order to evaluate the capabilities of trochoidal milling. The findings showed a clear difference between the two milling strategies, and it was shown that the trochoidal milling strategy is able to provide superior surface quality when the appropriate process parameters are also chosen. Finally, the effect of the depth of cut, coolant and trochoidal stepover on surface roughness during trochoidal milling was also investigated, and it was found that lower depths of cut, the use of coolant and low values of trochoidal stepover can lead to a considerable decrease in surface roughness.

Effects of Insert Nose Radius and Processing Cutting Parameter on the Surface Roughness of Aisi 316 Stainless Steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 447-448 ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Mohd Fazuri Abdullah ◽  
Muhammad Ilman Hakimi Chua Abdullah ◽  
Abu Bakar Sulong ◽  
Jaharah A. Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Chip Thickness ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Nose Radius ◽  
Aisi 316

The effects of different cutting parameters, insert nose radius, cutting speed and feed rates on the surface quality of the stainless steel to be use in medical application. Stainless steel AISI 316 had been machined with three different nose radiuses (0.4 mm 0.8 mm, and 1.2mm), three different cutting speeds (100, 130, 170 m/min) and feed rates (0.1, 0.125, 0.16 mm/rev) while depth of cut keep constant at (0.4 mm). It is seen that the insert nose radius, feed rates, and cutting speed have different effect on the surface roughness. The minimum average surface roughness (0.225µm) has been measured using the nose radius insert (1.2 mm) at lowest feed rate (0.1 mm/rev). The highest surface roughness (1.838µm) has been measured with nose radius insert (0.4 mm) at highest feed rate (0.16 mm/rev). The analysis of ANOVA showed the cutting speed is not dominant in processing for the fine surface finish compared with feed rate and nose radius. Conclusion, surface roughness is decreasing with decreasing of the feed rate. High nose radius produce better surface finish than small nose radius because of the maximum uncut chip thickness decreases with increase of nose radius.

A Comprehensive Study on Surface Roughness in Machining of AISI D2 Hardened Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 576 ◽  
pp. 60-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A.H. Jasni ◽  
Mohd Amri Lajis
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
High Speed ◽  
End Milling ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Feed Speed ◽  
Radial Depth ◽  
Aisi D2 ◽  
Coated Carbide

Hard milling of hardened steel has wide application in mould and die industries. However, milling induced surface finish has received little attention. An experimental investigation is conducted to comprehensively characterize the surface roughness of AISI D2 hardened steel (58-62 HRC) in end milling operation using TiAlN/AlCrN multilayer coated carbide. Surface roughness (Ra) was examined at different cutting speed (v) and radial depth of cut (dr) while the measurement was taken in feed speed, Vf and cutting speed, Vc directions. The experimental results show that the milled surface is anisotropic in nature. Surface roughness values in feed speed direction do not appear to correspond to any definite pattern in relation to cutting speed, while it increases with radial depth-of-cut within the range 0.13-0.24 µm. In cutting speed direction, surface roughness value decreases in the high speed range, while it increases in the high radial depth of cut. Radial depth of cut is the most influencing parameter in surface roughness followed by cutting speed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document