Intra-abdominal adipose depot variation in adipogenesis, lipogenesis, angiogenesis, and fibrosis gene expression and relationships with insulin resistance and inflammation in premenopausal women with severe obesity

Consumption of isoflavone-rich soyabean protein is reported to reduce total and LDL-cholesterol, but the specific components responsible are undetermined. In a previous crossover trial we showed that purified isoflavones, derived from red clover (Trifolium pratense), raised HDL3-cholesterol in premenopausal women; however, these findings were inconclusive due to period and carryover effects. In an attempt to overcome this problem, we utilised a parallel study designed to re-examine the effects of purified isoflavones on plasma lipoproteins and markers of insulin resistance in premenopausal women. Twenty-five healthy premenopausal women participated in a double-blind, randomised, parallel study. The treatment group (n12) consumed a placebo for the first menstrual cycle and an isoflavone supplement (86 mg/d, derived from red clover) for three cycles, while the placebo group (n13) consumed a placebo supplement for four menstrual cycles. Blood samples were collected weekly during cycles 1, 3 and 4. Supplementation with isoflavones resulted in a 15-fold increase in urinary isoflavone excretion (P<0·0001). There were no significant effects on total cholesterol, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, HDL subfractions, triacylglycerol, lipoprotein(a), glucose or insulin concentrations. Our present results indicate that purified isoflavones derived from red clover have no effect on cholesterol homeostasis or insulin resistance in premenopausal women, a group which is at low risk of CHD.

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The Decreased Growth Hormone Response to Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone in Obesity Is Associated to Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2010/434562 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2010 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Fernando Cordido ◽

Jesús Garcia-Buela ◽

Susana Sangiao-Alvarellos ◽

Teresa Martinez ◽

Ovidio Vidal

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Growth Hormone ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Premenopausal Women ◽

Fasting Insulin ◽

Risk Markers ◽

Obese Women ◽

Gh Secretion ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between GHRH-induced GH secretion in obese premenopausal women and cardiovascular risk markers or insulin resistance. Premenopausal obese women, aged 35–52 years, were studied. GH secretion, IGF-I, serum cardiovascular risk markers, insulin, leptin, mid-waist and hip circumference, total body fat, and truncal fat were measured. Subjects were classified as meeting the criteria for GH deficiency (GHD) when peak GH after stimulation with GHRH was≤3 μg/L. Mean total and LDL cholesterol, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR were all higher, in subjects who would have been classified as GH-deficient compared with GH-sufficient. Peak GH secretion after stimulation was inversely associated with fasting insulin (R=−0.650,P=.012), HOMA-IR (R=−0.846,P=.001), total cholesterol (R=−0.532,P=.034), and LDL cholesterol (R=−0.692,P=.006) and positively associated with HDL cholesterol (R=0.561,P=.037). These data strongly suggest a role for insulin resistance in the decreased GH secretion of obesity and that the blunted GH secretion of central obesity could be the pituitary expression of the metabolic syndrome.

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DNA methylation and gene expression of HIF3A: cross-tissue validation and associations with BMI and insulin resistance

Clinical Epigenetics ◽

10.1186/s13148-016-0258-6 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Ailsa Maria Main ◽

Linn Gillberg ◽

Anna Louisa Jacobsen ◽

Emma Nilsson ◽

Anette Prior Gjesing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Dna Methylation

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Abstract 6260: Up-Regulated Expression of MicroRNA-143 in Association with Obesity in the Adipose Tissue of Mice Fed High Fat Diet

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.118.suppl_18.s_1169-a ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽

Author(s):

Rieko Takanabe ◽

Koh Ono ◽

Tomohide Takaya ◽

Takahiro Horie ◽

Hiromichi Wada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Body Weight ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Control Cell ◽

High Fat ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Mesenteric Fat ◽

Regulated Expression

Obesity is the result of an expansion and increase in the number of individual adipocytes. Since changes in gene expression during adipocyte differentiation and hypertrophy are closely associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases, further insight into the molecular basis of obesity is needed to better understand obesity-associated diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are approximately 17–24nt single stranded RNA, that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. MiRNAs control cell growth, differentiation and metabolism, and may be also involved in pathogenesis and pathophysiology of diseases. It has been proposed that miR-143 plays a role in the differentiation of preadipocytes into mature adipocytes in culture. However, regulated expression of miR-143 in the adult adipose tissue during the development of obesity in vivo is unknown. To solve this problem, C57BL/6 mice were fed with either high-fat diet (HFD) or normal chow (NC). Eight weeks later, severe insulin resistance was observed in mice on HFD. Body weight increased by 35% and the mesenteric fat weight increased by 3.3-fold in HFD mice compared with NC mice. We measured expression levels of miR-143 in the mesenteric fat tissue by real-time PCR and normalized with those of 5S ribosomal RNA. Expression of miR-143 in the mesenteric fat was significantly up-regulated (3.3-fold, p<0.05) in HFD mice compared to NC mice. MiR-143 expression levels were positively correlated with body weight (R=0.577, p=0.0011) and the mesenteric fat weight (R=0.608, p=0.0005). We also measured expression levels in the mesenteric fat of PPARγ and AP2, whose expression are deeply involved in the development of obesity, insulin resistant and arteriosclerosis. The expression levels of miR-143 were closely correlated with those of PPARγ (R=0.600, p=0.0040) and AP2 (R=0.630, p=0.0022). These findings provide the first evidence for up-regulated expression of miR-143 in the mesenteric fat of HFD-induced obese mice, which might contribute to regulated expression of genes involved in the pathophysiology of obesity.

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Liraglutide Prevents Hypoadiponectinemia-Induced Insulin Resistance and Alterations of Gene Expression Involved in Glucose and Lipid Metabolism

Molecular Medicine ◽

10.2119/molmed.2011.00051 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 17 (11-12) ◽

pp. 1168-1178 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Ling Li ◽

Zongyu Miao ◽

Rui Liu ◽

Mengliu Yang ◽

Hua Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Glucose And Lipid Metabolism

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Differential association between S100A4 levels and insulin resistance in prepubertal children and adult subjects with clinically severe obesity

Obesity Science & Practice ◽

10.1002/osp4.381 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 99-106

Author(s):

Siri D. Taxerås ◽

María Galán ◽

Laura Campderros ◽

Irene Piquer‐Garcia ◽

Silvia Pellitero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Severe Obesity ◽

Differential Association ◽

Prepubertal Children ◽

Clinically Severe Obesity

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Rice Bran Protein Hydrolysates Improve Insulin Resistance and Decrease Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Gene Expression in Rats Fed a High Carbohydrate-High Fat Diet

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu7085292 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 6313-6329 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Kampeebhorn Boonloh ◽

Veerapol Kukongviriyapan ◽

Bunkerd Kongyingyoes ◽

Upa Kukongviriyapan ◽

Supawan Thawornchinsombut ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Rice Bran ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Cytokine Gene Expression ◽

Cytokine Gene ◽

High Fat ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

Improve Insulin Resistance

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Obesity and Insulin Resistance Are the Main Determinants of Postprandial Lipoprotein Dysmetabolism in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2016/9545239 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Tommy Kyaw Tun ◽

Anne McGowan ◽

Niamh Phelan ◽

Neuman Correia ◽

Gerard Boran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Apolipoprotein B ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Premenopausal Women ◽

Postprandial Glucose ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Mixed Meal

Postprandial dyslipidaemia may be a plausible mechanism by which polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) increases cardiovascular risk. We sought to investigate whether the postprandial glucose and insulin and lipid and lipoprotein responses, including that of apolipoprotein B-48 (apoB-48) containing chylomicrons, to a mixed meal are different in obese PCOS women when compared to obese control subjects and whether differences, if any, are related to obesity, insulin resistance (IR), hyperandrogenaemia, or PCOS status. 26 women with PCOS (age30.4±1.2years (mean ± SEM), body mass index (BMI)36.8±1.5 kg/m2) and 26 non-PCOS subjects (age34.1±0.9years, BMI31.5±1.0 kg/m2) were studied before and up to 8 hours following a standard mixed meal. AUC-triglyceride (AUC-TG) was higher and AUC-high-density lipoprotein (AUC-HDL) lower in PCOS women. These differences were not apparent when BMI was accounted for. Insulin sensitivity (SI), AUC-apoB-48, and AUC-apolipoprotein B (AUC-apoB) were found to be independent predictors of AUC-TG, accounting for 55% of the variance. Only AUC-insulin remained significantly elevated following adjustment for BMI. Obesity related IR explains postprandial hypertriglyceridaemia and hyperinsulinaemic responses. Management of obesity in premenopausal women with PCOS is likely to reduce their cardiovascular risk burden.

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