Upgrading catalytic activity of NiO/CaO/MgO from natural limestone as catalysts for transesterification of coconut oil to biodiesel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuni Widiarti ◽  
Hasliza Bahruji ◽  
Holilah Holilah ◽  
Yatim Lailun Ni’mah ◽  
Ratna Ediati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Coconut Oil

scholarly journals PREPARATION OF INORGANIC CATALYST BASED HEMATITE (-Fe2O3) COMPOUND EXTRACTED FROM ACEH IRON ORE MINERAL AND ITS CATALYTIC ACTIVITY ON TRANSESTERIFICATION OF COCONUT OIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muliadi Ramli ◽  
Anneza Astriet ◽  
T. Banta Darmawan ◽  
Saiful Saiful ◽  
Susilawati Susilawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Sodium Metal ◽  
Hematite Fe2o3

Hematite (Fe2O3) was successfully extracted from the Aceh iron ore mineral by precipitation method with employing sulphuricacid (H2SO4) as chemical agent.  Furthermore, the extracted hematite was modified with sodium metal (K), namely it doped with NaOH of 5% and 10% (w/w), respectively. Based on the characterization results using XRD and SEM- EDS proved that modified catalyst (Na2O/Fe2O3) with their homogeneous size were resulted while the hematite (Fe2O3) particles was dopped withNaOH at its low concentration of (5% wt/wt), however while doping with the higher concentration of NaOH (10% w/w), agglomeration was taken place among the catalyst particles in which decreasing the surface area of the modified catalysts. Finally, the modified catalyst (Na2O/Fe2O3) was successfully applied as an inorganic catalyst on transesterification of coconut oil and methanol (T = 55 – 60oC, 2 h)for forming methyl esters asbiodiesel compounds. 

scholarly journals APLIKASI CARBOXYMETHYL CHITOSAN - UREA GLUTARAT (CMCHI - UGLU) SEBAGAI KATALIS TERFLUIDAKAN PADA SINTESIS BIODIESEL DARI VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Handoko Darmokoesoemo ◽  
Suyanto Suyanto ◽  
Denny Ika Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Carboxymethyl Chitosan ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Infra Red

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mentransformasi kitosan menjadi carboxymethyl chitosanyang selanjutnya diubah menjadi carboxymethyl chitosan urea glutarat (CMChi-UGLU) dan kemudian diaplikasikan sebagai katalis terfluidakan untuk sintesis biodiesel. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menentukan aktivitas katalitik katalis CMChi-UGLU. CMChi-UGLU yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan Fourier Transform Infra Red(FTIR) sedangkan biodiesel yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Sintesis biodiesel dilakukan dengan menggunakan kolom fluidisasi yang diisi denganVirgin Coconut Oil dan metanol (1:60) serta katalis CMChi-UGLU sebanyak 10% b/b minyak selama 90 menit dan pada suhu 65-70°C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas katalitik katalis CMChi-UGLU adalah 80,046%, hasil ini lebih tinggi dibandingkan katalis chitosan yaitu 40,023%. Kata kunci: kitosan, CMChi-UGLU, fluidisasi, aktivitas katalitik  AbstractThis study aims to transforming chitosan into carboxymethyl chitosan which is converted into carboxymethyl chitosan urea glutaric acid (CMChi-UGLU) that will be used as a fluidized catalyst for synthesis biodiesel. In addition, this study aims to determining the catalytic activity of CMChi-UGLU. CMChi-UGLU is characterized by Fourier Transform Infra-Red(FTIR) while biodiesel is characterized by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Synthesis of biodiesel is performed using fluidization column which filled with virgin coconut oil and methanol (1:60) and also heterogeneous catalyst CMChi-UGLU as many as 10% of oil weight on condition within 90 minutes at temperature 65-70°C. The result of synthesis of biodiesel showed that the catalytic activity of CMChi-UGLU is 80,046%, this result is higher than uses chitosan which it’s catalytic activity is 40,023%. Keywords: chitosan, CMChi-UGLU, fluidization, catalytic activity

scholarly journals Enhancement of Cobalt Concentration Supported on Mesoporous Silica towards the Characteristics and Activities of Catalysts for the Conversion of Waste Coconut Oil into Gasoline and Diesel Oil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wega Trisunaryanti ◽  
Triyono Triyono ◽  
Nugroho Raka Santoso ◽  
Savitri Larasati ◽  
Cahyarani Paramesti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Cobalt Concentration ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Hydrocracking Process ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The analysis of the effect of cobalt concentration supported on mesoporous silica (MS) has been evaluated. This study was aimed to observe the physical and chemical characteristics of the catalysts, and also to study the catalytic activity and its selectivity towards gasoline and diesel oil products in the hydrocracking process of waste coconut oil. The MS was produced using Lapindo mud, where the CTAB was used as the mesopore templating agent. The Co/MS catalyst was prepared by the wet impregnation method with various concentrations of Co. The characterization of the catalyst includes silica purity test by XRF, determination of Co content by AAS, the crystallinity by XRD, the catalyst porosity by SAA, physical pore structure by SEM and TEM, and total acidity by the gravimetric method using NH3 base vapor adsorption. The hydrocracking was carried out in a hydrocracking reactor using various concentrations of Co/MS catalysts with the ratio of catalyst/feed = 1/50. The products of the hydrocracking process were liquid, coke, and gas. The composition of the hydrocracking liquid products was analyzed by GC-MS. Based on the results of the catalytic activity test, it was concluded that the Co(1)/MS catalyst, which had the highest acidity, showed the best catalyst selectivity towards gasoline and diesel fractions.

High resolution electron microscopy of lanthanum phosphate crystals

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 274-275
Author(s):  
J. C. Wheatley ◽  
J. M. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lanthanum Phosphate ◽  
Good Catalyst ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Good Catalytic Activity ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Rare-earth phosphates are of particular interest because of their catalytic properties associated with the hydrolysis of many aromatic chlorides in the petroleum industry. Lanthanum phosphates (LaPO4) which have been doped with small amounts of copper have shown increased catalytic activity (1). However the physical and chemical characteristics of the samples leading to good catalytic activity are not known.Many catalysts are amorphous and thus do not easily lend themselves to methods of investigation which would include electron microscopy. However, the LaPO4, crystals are quite suitable samples for high resolution techniques.The samples used were obtained from William L. Kehl of Gulf Research and Development Company. The electron microscopy was carried out on a JEOL JEM-100B which had been modified for high resolution microscopy (2). Standard high resolution techniques were employed. Three different sample types were observed: 669A-1-5-7 (poor catalyst), H-L-2 (good catalyst) and 27-011 (good catalyst).

The design and catalytic performance of molybdenum active sites on an MCM-41 framework for the aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-diformylfuran

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Meng Wang ◽  
Li-Juan Liu ◽  
Bo Xiang ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Ya-Jing Lyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Aerobic Oxidation ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Mcm 41

The catalytic activity decreases as –(SiO)3Mo(OH)(O) > –(SiO)2Mo(O)2 > –(O)4–MoO.

Prolonged Expression of Procoagulant Activity of Human Platelets Degranulated by Thrombin

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (03) ◽  
pp. 958-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raelene L Kinlough-Rathbone ◽  
Dennis W Perry
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Procoagulant Activity ◽  
Prothrombinase Complex ◽  
Arterial Thrombus ◽  
Flowing Blood

SummaryPlatelets are exposed to thrombin when they take part in arterial thrombus formation, and they may return to the circulation when they are freed by fibrinolysis and dislodged by flowing blood. Thrombin causes the expression of procoagulant activity on platelets, and if this activity persists, the recirculating platelets may contribute to subsequent thrombosis. We have developed techniques to degranulate human platelets by treatment with thrombin, and recover them as single, discrete platelets that aggregate in response to both weak and strong agonists. In the present study we examined the duration of procoagulant activity on the surface of thrombin-degranulated platelets by two methods: a prothrombinase assay, and the binding of 125I-labeled annexin. Control platelets generated 0.9 ± 0.4 U thrombin per 107 platelets in 15 min. Suspensions of thrombin-degranulated platelets formed 5.4 ± 0.1 U thrombin per 107 platelets in this time. Binding of 125I-annexin V was also greater with thrombin-treated platelets than with control platelets (controls: 1.7 ±0.1 ng annexin/107 platelets; thrombin-degranulated platelets: 6.8 ± 0.2 ng annexin/107 platelets). With thrombin-degranulated platelets, increased procoagulant activity and annexin binding persisted for at least 4 h after degranulation and resuspension, indicating that the catalytic activity for the prothrombinase complex is not reversed during this time. These platelets maintained their ability to aggregate for 4 h, even in response to the weak agonist, ADP. Thus, platelets that have taken part in thrombus formation and returned to the circulation may contribute to the promotion of further thrombotic events because of the persistence of procoagulant activity on their surface.

PENGARUH VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK DAN UMUR SIMPAN ROTI MANIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aulia Alfi
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Life Analysis ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) adalah bahan alami yang memiliki sifat antimikroba (antivirus, antibakteri, dan antijamur). Sehingga VCO dapat memberikan efek pengawet pada bahan makanan, salah satunya adalah roti manis. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh VCO terhadap karakteristik (fisik dan kimia) dan umur simpan roti manis. Roti manis dianalisis secara fisik (tekstur dan porositas) dan kimia (kadar air, kadar abu, kadar lemak, kadar protein, dan kandungan karbohidrat), dan analisis umur simpan dengan FFA, uji organoleptik dan jamur setiap dua hari selama delapan hari penyimpanan di suhu ruang. Variasi perlakuan roti manis adalah dari rasio konsentrasi VCO: margarin: mentega, K (0%: 8%: 8%); A (4%: 6%: 6%); B (8%: 4%: 4%), C (12%: 2%: 2%); D (16%: 0%: 0%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa VCO tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap karakteristik fisik dan karakteristik kimia roti manis. Namun, VCO berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kadar air roti manis yang dihasilkan, roti manis K memiliki kadar air tertinggi (22,36%) dan berbeda dengan sampel roti manis lainnya. VCO secara efektif menghambat pertumbuhan jamur di roti manis pada konsentrasi 8%, 12%, dan 16%. Roti manis K dan A memiliki masa simpan 4 hari, sedangkan roti manis B, C, dan D memiliki masa simpan 6 hari.Kata kunci: VCO, roti manis, karakteristik, umur simpanABSTRACTVirgin Coconut Oil (VCO) is a natural ingredient that has antimicrobial (antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal) properties. So that VCO can provide a preservative effect on food ingredients, one of which is sweet bread. This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of VCO on characteristics (physical and chemical) and shelf life of sweet bread. Sweet bread was analyzed physically (texture and porosity) and chemistry (moisture content, ash content, fat content, protein content, and carbohydrate content), and shelf life analysis with FFA, organoleptic and mold tests every two days for eight days of storage at ambient temperature. Treatment variations of sweet breads is from the ratio of the concentration of VCO: margarine: butter, K (0%: 8%: 8%); A (4%: 6%: 6%); B (8%: 4%: 4%), C (12%: 2%: 2%); D (16%: 0%: 0%). The results showed that VCO did not have a significant effect on the physical characteristics and chemical characteristics of sweet bread. However, the VCO has a significant effect on the water content of the sweet bread produced, sweet bread K has the highest moisture content (22,36%) and it is different from other sweet bread samples. VCO effectively inhibits the growth of sweet bread mold at concentrations of 8%, 12%, and 16%. K and A sweet bread has a shelf life of 4 days, while sweet breads B, C, and D have a shelf life of 6 days.Keywords: VCO, sweet bread, characteristics, shelf life

Performance Analysis of Trihexyltetradecylphosphonium Chloride Ionic Fluid under MQL Condition in Hard turning

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 7629-7647
Author(s):  
A. Pandey ◽  
R. Kumar ◽  
A. K. Sahoo ◽  
A. Paul ◽  
A. Panda
Keyword(s):  
Material Removal Rate ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Chip Morphology ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Depth Of Cut

The current research presents an overall performance-based analysis of Trihexyltetradecylphosphonium Chloride [[CH3(CH2)5]P(Cl)(CH2)13CH3] ionic fluid mixed with organic coconut oil (OCO) during turning of hardened D2 steel. The application of cutting fluid on the cutting interface was performed through Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) approach keeping an eye on the detrimental consequences of conventional flood cooling. PVD coated (TiN/TiCN/TiN) cermet tool was employed in the current experimental work. Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array and TOPSIS are executed to analysis the influences, significance and optimum parameter settings for predefined process parameters. The prime objective of the current work is to analyze the influence of OCO based Trihexyltetradecylphosphonium Chloride ionic fluid on flank wear, surface roughness, material removal rate, and chip morphology. Better quality of finish (Ra = 0.2 to 1.82 µm) was found with 1% weight fraction but it is not sufficient to control the wear growth. Abrasion, chipping, groove wear, and catastrophic tool tip breakage are recognized as foremost tool failure mechanisms. The significance of responses have been studied with the help of probability plots, main effect plots, contour plots, and surface plots and the correlation between the input and output parameters have been analyzed using regression model. Feed rate and depth of cut are equally influenced (48.98%) the surface finish while cutting speed attributed the strongest influence (90.1%). The material removal rate is strongly prejudiced by cutting speed (69.39 %) followed by feed rate (28.94%) whereas chip reduction coefficient is strongly influenced through the depth of cut (63.4%) succeeded by feed (28.8%). TOPSIS significantly optimized the responses with 67.1 % gain in closeness coefficient.

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