A prolonged evaluation of air contamination level with CO2 in a college student’s laboratory using nanosized MgO

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1551-1566
Author(s):  
S. A. Halawy ◽  
M. A. Mohamed ◽  
S. El-Nahas
Keyword(s):  
Contamination Level ◽  
Air Contamination

scholarly journals Air Quality Prediction by Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
pp. 486-492
Author(s):  
Ritik Sharma ◽  
Gaurav Shilimkar ◽  
Shivam Pisal
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Quality Prediction ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Air Quality Prediction ◽  
Future Information

The air quality observing framework estimates different air toxins in different areas to keep up great air quality. It is the consuming issue in the current situation. Air is defiled by the appearance of risky gases into the environment from the enterprises, vehicular outflows, and so forth These days, air contamination has arrived at basic levels and the air contamination level in many significant urban areas has crossed the air quality list esteem as set by the public authority. It significantly affects the soundness of the human. With the headway in innovation of ML, it is currently conceivable to anticipate the poisons dependent on the past information. In this paper we are presenting a gadget that can proceed with that can take present poisons and with the assistance of past toxins, we are running a calculation dependent on the ML to anticipate the future information of contaminations. The detected information is saved inside the Excel sheet for additional assessment. These sensors are utilized on the Arduino Uno stage to gather the contamination information.

scholarly journals Airborne Bacteria and Carcass Contamination in Slaughterhouses

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. MARJATTA RAHKIO ◽  
HANNU J. KORKEALA
Keyword(s):  
Air Flow ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Airborne Bacteria ◽  
Microbiological Contamination ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Airborne Contamination ◽  
Carcass Contamination ◽  
Flow Detector

Microbiological contamination of air and carcasses .was studied in four slaughterhouses by using impactor samples taken at the back-splitting and weighing areas and by sampling carcasses with the swabbing method. Air flow was determined by an air-flow detector, and the movement of workers was observed. The air contamination level in the back-splitting areas (2.25 log CFU/100 liters of air) was generally higher than that in the weighing areas (2.03 log CFU/100 liters of air). Associations between the microbiological contamination of air and carcasses with the movements of workers were found. Layout of the slaughtering line was shown to be important in decreasing airborne contamination. Separation of the clean and unclean parts of the line as well as separation of the weighing area from the other clean parts of the line decreased the contamination level. It appears that airborne bacteria have an important role in carcass contamination.

Design and performance of Factual Time Internet of Things based Geographic Air Pollution Scrutinize System

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 03-04
Author(s):  
Igor Dellucci
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Recent Decade ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Simple Shape ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Remote Sensor ◽  
Level Data ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Minimal Effort

In the most recent decade, altitude of contamination is dauntless in built-up zone. Because of this, the superiority debases step by step. Air contamination observing is significant idea to check the encompassing air is reasonable to inhalation by the individual or not. In light of expanding the passage pace of carbon fixation present noticeable all around builds which bring about the natural air gets dirtied. Today every person needs to live in the solid climate, they need to check whether the specific zone where they need to go is pretty much contaminated and as per this contamination level data they may pick their course fittingly. Because of this analysts are cantered around air contamination checking assistance of remote sensor organize. These sensor systems give the data of contamination level of the brought together worker utilizing web. This magazine proposed a dependable and minimal effort air contamination checking framework for creating nations. Sensor assortment information in the simple shape and send this computerized information to cloud worker and accumulate the information on cloud workers and afterward progressionof this information. Presently a day's portable are accessible to everybody on the off chance that it might conceivable to check the contamination level of every zone, it might assist them with choosing the other sound course. Different advances are utilized beforehand for checking the contamination level however exactness in the perusing of contamination level tradeoffs. The proposed contamination estimation framework shows minimal effort and better dependability when contrasted with other estimation gadgets that is appeared in reproduction and consequence.

scholarly journals Microbiological Air Contamination in Premises of the Primary Health-care

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Karwowska ◽  
Ewa Miaśkiewicz-Pęska ◽  
Dorota Andrzejewska-Morzuch
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Community Health Centers ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Mesophilic Bacteria ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Adults And Children

Abstract The aim of this research was to evaluate the microbiological indoor air contamination level in chosen facilities of the primary health-care for adults and children. The total numbers of mesophilic bacteria, staphylococci, coli-group bacteria and moulds in both surgery rooms and patients’ waiting rooms were determined. Air samples were collected with a MAS 100 impactor and the concentration of microorganisms was estimated by a culture method. The microbiological air contamination level was diverse: the number of mesophilic bacteria ranged from 320 to 560 CFU/m3, number of staphylococci - 10-305 CFU/m3, coli group bacteria - 0-15 CFU/m3 and moulds - 15-35 CFU/m3. The bacteriological contamination level of the air in examined community health centers was higher than described in the literature for hospitals and exceeded the acceptable values proposed for the surgery objects.

scholarly journals Surgical Smoke and Airborne Microbial Contamination in Operating Theatres: Influence of Ventilation and Surgical Phases

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5395
Author(s):  
Francesco Romano ◽  
Samanta Milani ◽  
Jan Gustén ◽  
Cesare Maria Joppolo
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Operating Table ◽  
Surgical Smoke ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Airborne Contamination ◽  
Operating Theatres ◽  
Ventilation Systems

Air cleanliness is a crucial factor in operating theatres (OTs), where the health of patients and staff must be preserved by controlling air contamination. Particular attention must be paid to ultrafine particles (UFPs) size range, generated for instance by electrosurgical instruments (ESTs). OT contamination is also affected by ventilation systems, medical staff and their gowning system, staff routines, instruments, etc. This comparative study is based on experimental measurements of airborne microbial contamination and UFPs carried out during real ongoing surgeries in two OTs equipped with upward displacement ventilation (UWD) and hybrid ventilation, with unidirectional airflow on the operating table and peripheral mixing (UDAF+Mixing) ventilation systems. Airborne contamination concentration at the exit grilles has been analyzed as function of four different surgical phases normally performed during an operation. Results highlight that airborne contamination is influenced by the activities carried out during the surgical phases. EST usage affects the contamination level more than staff size during operation observed. Colony forming unit (CFU) values in the protected area close to the patient’s wound are influenced more by the type of ventilation system than by surgical phases. CFU values decrease by 18 to 50 times from the UWD system to the hybrid one. The large airflow volumes supply together with high air velocities in OTs equipped with UDAF+Mixing systems guarantee a better and a safer airborne contamination control for patients and medical team in comparison with UWD systems.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF COVID-19 LOCKDOWN ON AIR QUALITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Gautam Gupta ◽  
Bhavya Bhasin ◽  
Sumedha Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
The World ◽  
Industrial Units

In late 2019, a novel irresistible infection with human to human contagious transmission (COVID-19) was recognized in Wuhan, China, which has transformed into a worldwide pandemic. Nations everywhere in the world have executed a type of lockdown to hinder its contamination and moderate it. Lockdown because of COVID-19 effectively affects social and monetary fronts. In any case, this lockdown likewise has some constructive outcome on regular habitat. The study objective is to think about the adequacy of COVID-19 lockdown on the air contamination around the world. Because of pandemic, all avoidable activities around the globe were prohibited. Ongoing information delivered by NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) and ESA (European Space Agency) demonstrates that the contamination level in certain nations has decreased up to 30%. The nationwide halting of public transports and closure of major industrial units has resulted in obvious significant reductions in emissions of a variety of gases related to energy and transport. The decrease of air contamination was firmly connected with movement limitations during this pandemic and five air toxins i.e., SO2, PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and CO have likewise diminished.

The effect of lockdown on the outcomes of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1792-1797
Author(s):  
Kuldip Yawale
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Pm10 And Pm2.5 ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Current Article

In the midst of the Coronavirus pandemic, a cross country lockdown is forced in India at first for three weeks from 24th Walk to fourteenth April 2020 and reached out up to third May 2020. Because of the constrained limitations, contamination level in urban areas the nation over radically hindered just inside a couple of days which polarize conversations with respect to lockdown to be the strong elective measures to be actualized for controlling air contamination. The current article, in the long run, chipped away at this heading to view the air quality situation in the midst of the lockdown time frame logically with uncommon reference to the megacity Delhi. With the guide of air quality information of seven toxin boundaries (PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, O3 and NH3) for 34 checking stations spread over the megacity, we have utilized Public Air Quality File (NAQI) to show the spatial example of air quality in pre and during-lockdown stages. The outcomes showed that during lockdown air quality is fundamentally improved. Among the chose toxins, centralizations of PM10 and PM2.5 have seen the greatest decrease (>50%) in contrast with the pre-lockdown stage. In contrast with the most recent year (for example 2019) during the said time span, the decrease of PM10 and PM2.5 is as high as about 60% and 39% separately. Among different toxins, NO2 (−52.68%) and CO (−30.35%) level have likewise decreased during-lockdown stage. About 40% to half improvement in air quality is distinguished soon after four days of starting lockdown. About 54%, 49%, 43%, 37% and 31% decrease in NAQI have been seen in Focal, Eastern, Southern, Western and Northern pieces of the megacity. Generally, the investigation is believed to be a valuable enhancement to the administrative bodies since it indicated the contamination source control could constrict the air quality. Brief such source control in an appropriate time span may recuperate the climate.

scholarly journals Numerical modeling of open pit ventilation when varying the location of the dust and gas cloud

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Pavel V. Amosov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Vortex Formation ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Initial Height ◽  
Component Distribution ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Gaseous Component ◽  
Gas Cloud

Research objective is to estimate the effect of bulk explosion location and the initial height of the dust and gas cloud on open-pit natural ventilation time and the level of air contamination of the upper edge of the open pit down the wind. Methods of research. Computer modeling of aerodynamics and gaseous component transfer in the 2D geometry is carried out with the COMSOL software. To calculate the aerodynamic characteristics, the approximation of the incompressible fluid with the standard k–ε turbulence model was carried out. Gaseous component distribution was modeled using the numerical solution to the convection-diffusion equation of contaminant transfer. Numerical experiments under the fixed initial concentration of the gaseous component and the speed of the incoming wind flow have been carried out for three locations of bulk explosions and six values of the initial height (from 70 to 420 m with a step of 70 m) of the dust and gas cloud. Research results and analysis. Spatial distributions of the model’s aerodynamic characteristics and contaminants gaseous component when reaching the maximum permissible concentration in the modeled area have been obtained. The estimated time of the open-pit natural ventilation and the dynamics of the open-pit upper edge air contamination dynamics down the wind have been analyzed. The complex and diversified nature of open pit ventilation for various locations of bulk explosions has been recorded. The undulating character of contaminant loss has been predicted (with different heights of peaks) conditioned by the presence of vortex formation in the open pit. Conclusion and scope of results. For the recirculation scheme of ventilation, the situations with the bulk explosion locations shifted to the windward edge of the open pit are the longest. It has been shown that the reduction in the dust and gas cloud lift does not always ensure the reduction in the contamination level at the upper edge of the open pit down the wind.

scholarly journals Investigation of the microclimate of poultry houses and chemical composition of poultry litter, depending on the time of its accumulation in the cage batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-279
Author(s):  
A. P. Palii ◽  
O. A. Naumenko ◽  
O. I. Shkromada ◽  
L. A. Tarasenko ◽  
K. A. Rodionova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Poultry House ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Poultry Houses ◽  
Maximum Contamination Level

One of the main reasons of the destabilization of the ecological environment around poultry farms is the widespread use of resource-consuming and environmentally irrational production processes and technological preparation, processing and disposal of poultry waste. Nowadays, cage batteries with a belt removal system are becoming more widespread in the poultry farming. However, the use of such equipment does not guarantee compliance with applicable veterinary and sanitary requirements for the content of harmful gases in the air of the poultry houses and its microbial contamination. This, in turn, has a negative impact on the state of the environment. In addition, the equipment designed for countries with a milder climate than in Ukraine does not support the designed regimes of its individual systems. Therefore, the study of the effect of the accumulation of the litter on the belts of the cage batteries on its humidity, chemical composition and microclimate in the poultry house, from the environmental point of view, remains an urgent problem. On the basis of complex studies, the kinetics of the drying of the litter on the belt conveyors of the cage batteries for keeping laying hens with built-in air ducts and without air ducts in different seasons, as well as the effect of the duration of the accumulation of the litter on the microclimate in the poultry house, microbial contamination and chemical composition of the litter have been studied. The study of the microclimate in the poultry house, depending on the time of accumulation of the litter on the conveyor belts, showed that with the increase in the time of accumulation of excrements in the air, the content of ammonia increased, and after 5 days of accumulation in the cold season its level began to exceed the maximum contamination level (MCL)-15 mg per m3 of the air. The amount of ammonia on the 7th day of the litter accumulation in all poultry houses was 1.8-2.8 times greater (P 0.001) compared to the first day. The amount of carbon dioxide in the air increased by 1.14-2.00 times, but it never exceeded the MCL - 0.25%. When studying the both types of cage batteries, 1.2-2.6 times the maximum contamination level of the air (220 thous. microbic units per m3) was established in the poultry houses. In the case of cage batteries without built-in ducts from the 1st to the 7th day of accumulation, microbial air contamination increased by 1.9 times in the cold season, and by 1.7 times - in the warm season; and on the 7th day it was 579 and 462 thous. microbic units per m3, respectively. When using the cage batteries with built-in ducts, microbial air contamination increased slightly: by 1.7 times in the cold season and 1.4 times in the warm season and on the 7th day it was 535 and 580 thous. units per m3, respectively.

Studies and Application of Auger Monitoring System for Quality Control and Assurance of Al Bondpads

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Younan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Wafer Fabrication ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Auger Analysis ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Monitoring Frequency ◽  
Control Procedures

Abstract In wafer fabrication (Fab), Fluorine (F) based gases are used for Al bondpad opening process. Thus, even on a regular Al bondpad, there exists a low level of F contamination. However, the F level has to be controlled at a lower level. If the F level is higher than the control/spec limits, it could cause F-induced corrosion and Al-F defects, resulting in pad discoloration and NSOP problems. In our previous studies [1-5], the theories, characteristics, chemical and physical failure mechanisms and the root causes of the F-induced corrosion and Al-F defects on Al bondpads have been studied. In this paper, we further study F-induced corrosion and propose to establish an Auger monitoring system so as to monitor the F contamination level on Al bondpads in wafer fabrication. Auger monitoring frequency, sample preparation, wafer life, Auger analysis points, control/spec limits and OOC/OOS quality control procedures are also discussed.

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