Bulimia symptoms in Czech youth: prevalence and association with internalizing problems

Abstract Objective Although clinical studies suggest that bulimia symptoms are common in youth, research on the prevalence of such symptoms and of their association with comorbid internalizing problems in the general population has been limited. This study aimed to evaluate the gender-specific prevalence of bulimia symptoms in Czech youth and explored the association between a clinical level of self-reported bulimia symptoms (CLBS) and internalizing problems by gender, controlling for age, socio-economic status and puberty status. Method The study was conducted on a representative national sample of Czech youth (N = 4430, 57.0% female) using self-report scales. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to examine the associations. Results The 3-month CLBS prevalence was higher in girls (11.4%) than in boys (3.8%) and in both genders a CLBS was associated with higher levels of comorbid internalizing problems. Discussion Timely recognition of bulimia symptoms and associated risk factors is important for early prevention and intervention strategies. Level of evidence V, cross-sectional descriptive study (according to Oxford (UK) CEBM Levels of Evidence, 2011).

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Dose response association of objective physical activity with mental health in a representative national sample of adults: a cross-sectional study

10.31236/osf.io/ze3qy ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Paquito Bernard ◽

Isabelle Doré ◽

Romain Ahmed Jérôme ◽

Gabriel Hains-Monfette ◽

Kingsbury ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Dose Response ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Generalized Additive Models ◽

National Sample ◽

Additive Models ◽

Curvilinear Relationship ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Representative National Sample

Although higher physical activity (PA) levels are associated with better mental health, previous findings about the shape of the dose–response relationship between PA and mental health are inconsistent. Furthermore, this association may differ according to sedentary levels. We investigated the cross-sectional dose-response associations between objectively measured PA and mental health in a representative national sample of adults. We also examined whether sedentary time modified the PA - mental health associations. Based on 2007-2013 Canadian Health Measures Survey data, PA and sedentary time were measured using accelerometry among 8150 participants, aged 20 to 79 years. Generalized additive models with a smooth function were fitted to examine associations between minutes per day of moderate and vigorous PA (MVPA), light PA (LPA), daily steps (combined or not with sedentary time) and self-rated mental health. A significant curvilinear relationship between average daily minutes of MVPA and mental health was observed, with increasing benefits up to 50 minutes/day. For LPA, a more complex shape (monotonic and curvilinear) was found. For daily steps, inverted U-shaped curve suggested increasing benefits until a plateau between 5000 and 16000 steps. The MVPA-LPA combination was significantly associated with mental health but with a complex pattern. The tested PA-sedentary time combinations showed that increasing sedentary time decreased the positive PA-mental health associations. Non-linear dose-response patterns between the PA modalities and self-reported mental health were observed. Optimal doses of daily minutes of MVPA, LPA, MVPA combined with LPA and daily steps are independently associated with better mental health in adults. The results also suggest that PA-mental health associations could be hampered by daily sedentary time.

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Prevalence of Worry-Induced Sleep Disturbance and Associated Factors among a National Sample of In-School Adolescents in Lebanon

Behavioral Sciences ◽

10.3390/bs10100148 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 148

Author(s):

Supa Pengpid ◽

Karl Peltzer

Keyword(s):

Sleep Disturbance ◽

Fast Food ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Soft Drink ◽

Economic Status ◽

National Sample ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Social Environmental ◽

Social Environmental Factors

Persistent worry can cause significant distress among adolescents. The goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of worry-induced sleep disturbance (WISD) among adolescent school children in Lebanon. Cross-sectional, nationally representative data were analysed from 5849 adolescents (15 years median age) that took part in the “2017 Lebanon Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS)”. The results indicate that the prevalence of WISD was 14.7%, 9.6% among males and 17.2% among females. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, loneliness, older age, female sex, having no close friends, infrequent bullying victimization, parents disrespected privacy, current tobacco use, ever cannabis use, high leisure-time sedentary behaviour and having sustained multiple serious injuries (past year) were associated with WISD. In addition, in unadjusted analysis, mostly or always feeling hungry (or low economic status), school truancy, having been physically attacked, frequently being in physical fights (past year), low peer support, parental emotional neglect, parents never checking homework, ever drunk and frequent soft drink intake were positively, and infrequent fast food intake was negatively, associated with WISD. One in seven students reported WISD and several associated factors were identified, which can aid intervention strategies. Multi-level interventions are needed targeting psychosocial distress, social-environmental factors and health risk behaviours to prevent WISD in this adolescent school population.

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Left-Handedness Increases Injury Risk in Adolescent Girls

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1996.82.3.855 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 855-858 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Peter Wright ◽

Joanne Williams ◽

Candace Currie ◽

Tom Beattie

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Relative Risk ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Injury Risk ◽

National Sample ◽

Self Report ◽

Medical Assistance ◽

Left Handedness ◽

Left Handed ◽

Representative National Sample

In a self-report survey of a representative national sample of 4081 Scottish schoolchildren, injuries requiring medical assistance were more common in left-handers; these were also more severe and likely to involve an overnight stay in hospital. Particularly at risk were adolescent girls with a 32% greater chance of being injured if they were left-handed compared with their right-handed peers. The corresponding relative risk for boys was not significant.

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Comparison of Perceived and Observed Hand Hygiene Compliance in Healthcare Workers in MERS-CoV Endemic Regions

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare6040122 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 122 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Modhi Alshammari ◽

Kelly Reynolds ◽

Marc Verhougstraete ◽

Mary O’Rourke

Keyword(s):

Hand Hygiene ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Total Sample ◽

Self Report ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

World Health ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hygiene Practices

This study investigated healthcare workers’ perceptions of hand hygiene practices by comparing personal reports, as assessed by questionnaires, to direct observations of the workers’ hand hygiene practices. The study employed a cross-sectional research design. Observations were made using a 16-item checklist, based on three sources: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), World Health Organization (WHO), and Boyce and Pittet’s guidelines of hand hygiene. The checklist was used for both direct-observation and self-reported data collection purposes. Pearson correlation and Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) were utilized to statistically determine the relationship between healthcare workers’ reports of hand hygiene practices and observed hand hygiene behaviors. The study was conducted in the outpatient examination rooms and emergency departments of three types of hospitals in the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia where Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is endemic and is observed in routine cases and outbreaks. The total sample size included 87 physicians and nurses recruited while on duty during the scheduled observation periods, with each healthcare worker being observed during individual medical examinations with at least three patients. No statistically significant correlations between the healthcare workers’ perceptions of hand hygiene practices and healthcare workers’ actual behaviors were evident. Based on the self-report questionnaires, significant differences were found between physicians’ and nurses’ hand hygiene practices reports. Healthcare workers clearly understand the importance of careful hand hygiene practices, but based on researchers’ observations, the medical personnel failed to properly implement protocol-driven hand hygiene applications. However, the significant differences between physicians’ and nurses’ self-reports suggest further inquiry is needed to fully explore these discrepancies.

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Perceptions of Arguments in Support of Policies to Reduce Sugary Drink Consumption Among Low-Income White, Black and Latinx Parents of Young Children

American Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.1177/08901171211030849 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 089011712110308

Author(s):

Julie S. Cannon ◽

Elizabeth K. Farkouh ◽

Liana B. Winett ◽

Lori Dorfman ◽

A. Susana Ramírez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Low Income ◽

National Sample ◽

Policy Support ◽

Self Report ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Community Benefits ◽

Argument Strength ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Racial Ethnic

Purpose: To test for racial/ethnic differences in perceived argument strength in favor of structural interventions to curb childhood obesity among lower-income parents of young children. Design: Cross-sectional, self-report. Setting: Online research panel, national sample of 1485 US adults in Fall 2019. Participants: Parents of children (age 0-5 years) with an annual income <$40,000, stratified by White, Black and/or Latinx race/ethnicity. Measures: SSB consumption, policy support, and strength of arguments in favor of marketing restrictions and a penny-per-ounce tax. Analysis: Descriptive statistics, multivariable OLS models. Results: Race/ethnicity was not a significant predictor of the perceived strength of a composite of marketing arguments (pBlack = 0.07; pLatinx = 0.10), however it was a significant predictor of the perceived strength of tax arguments (pBlack = 0.01; pLatinx = 0.01). Perceptions of strength of 12 of 35 discrete SSB tax arguments differed by race/ethnicity (p < .05). Arguments regarding industry targeting of Black children (marketing: pBlack < .001; pLatinx = .001; tax: pBlack < .001; pLatinx = .001), were particularly demonstrative of this difference. In contrast, arguments that these policies would provide support for parents (marketing: pBlack = 0.20; pLatinx = 0.84) and communities (tax: pBlack = 0.24; pLatinx = 0.58) were seen as strong arguments across groups. Conclusions: Black and Hispanic/Latinx parents may be more prepared to move toward SSB policy support than white parents. Emphasizing community benefits of policy may be effective in moving constituents toward policy support across groups.

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Dose response association of objective physical activity with mental health in a representative national sample of adults: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0204682 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. e0204682 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Paquito Bernard ◽

Isabelle Doré ◽

Ahmed-Jérôme Romain ◽

Gabriel Hains-Monfette ◽

Celia Kingsbury ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Dose Response ◽

National Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Representative National Sample

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Socio-Economic, Psychosocial, Lifestyle and Community Factors do not Explain Ethnic Inequalities in Obesity in Disadvantaged Israeli Mothers

The British Journal of Social Work ◽

10.1093/bjsw/bcz048 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 899-919

Author(s):

Varda Soskolne ◽

Michal Cohen-Dar ◽

Samira Obeid ◽

Nitsa Cohen ◽

Mary C J Rudolf

Keyword(s):

Social Work ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Economic Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Self Report ◽

Lifestyle Behaviour ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Community Factors ◽

Ethnic Inequalities

Abstract Guided by the psycho-social environment approach to explaining health inequalities, this cross-sectional study aimed to assess the contribution of individual and community factors to explaining ethnic inequalities in overweight and obesity between Arab and Jewish mothers of young children in Israel. Data (N = 946, 371 Jewish, 575 Arab mothers) were collected by self-report questionnaire in mid-2015 as part of a special ‘Preparation for School’ project for children aged 5–6 years from twenty Mother and Child Health clinics in towns and villages of lowest socio-economic ranking in northern Israel. Multinomial logistic regression models were conducted to assess the effect of socio-economic status (SES), psychological, lifestyle behaviour and community food-related practices on mediating the association of ethnicity with overweight and obesity. Overweight and obesity were significantly higher among Arab mothers. The strength of the association of ethnicity with overweight [(odds ratio) OR = 1.80, 95 per cent confidence interval (CI) = 1.31, 2.47] or obesity (OR = 2.14. 95 per cent CI = 1.44, 3.18) remained constant after SES, and other variables were included in two steps. The persistence of ethnic inequalities suggests that the variables included in the analysis did not explain inequalities in this disadvantaged population. Social work may contribute to understanding additional explanatory variables that have the potential to be amenable to change by multidisciplinary and social work interventions.

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P1945High levels of unawareness and suboptimal management of hypertension in India: data from a large community based study

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0692 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

S Mohan ◽

P Jarhyan ◽

S Ganesh ◽

S V Nikhil ◽

R Khatkar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Economic Status ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Self Report ◽

Hypertension Control ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

South Indian ◽

Pressure Controlled

Abstract Background Hypertension is the most common cause of the rising cardiovascular disease (CVD) epidemic in India. However, despite availability of proven therapies management remains sub-optimal. Purpose To determine the hypertension control rates and associated factors among adults with known hypertension in urban and rural India. Methods We conducted a representative population based cross-sectional survey among 12243 participants aged ≥30 years residing in rural and urban North and South India. Participants were selected using a multistage cluster random sampling technique. Trained personnel collected the data using an interviewer administered questionnaire, measured blood pressure, conducted anthropometry and collected bio-samples. Hypertension was defined as known hypertension (self-report of physician diagnosis) or systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90 mmHg. Control was defined as SBP <140 mmHg and DBP <90 mmHg among those with known hypertension. The associations were measured using logistic regression. Results The mean (±SD) age of participants was 47.7 (±12.5) years, women comprised 54%. The age-standardized prevalence of hypertension was 29.0% (95% CI: 28.2- 29.8) and known hypertension was 14.0% (13.4- 14.6). Among all hypertensives 38.6% (37.0–40.2) were on treatment and 26.2% (24.6–28.0) had their blood pressure controlled, while among known hypertensives 79.8% (77.8–81.7) were on treatment and 55.7% (53.3–58.1) had their blood pressure controlled. In multivariate analysis, participants from North Indian site [OR: 1.9 (1.6–2.3)], urban residents [1.3 (1.1–1.6)], younger participants [1.5 (1.2–1.8)], men [2.0 (1.5–2.6)], those with low socio-economic status [1.6 (1.1–2.3)], without comorbidities and those without a family history hypertension were more likely to be unaware about their hypertensive status and less likely to take treatment. Hypertension control was significantly higher in participants from South Indian site [1.5 (1.2–1.0)], the highly educated [1.6 (1.1–2.4)], those without heart diseases [1.8 (1.1–3.1)], those without central obesity [1.4 (1.1–1.9)], physically active individuals [1.5 (1.1–2.0)] and current non-alcohol users [1.9 (1.3–2.6)]. Conclusions Many individuals with hypertension remain unaware and sub-optimally managed. This warrants the implementation of tailored public education to raise awareness, complemented by active screening for the early detection and effective management of hypertension, in order to stem the rising tide of preventable CVD in India. Acknowledgement/Funding Unrestricted educational grant from Eli Lilly under the Lilly NCD Partnership

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Hypertension prevalence and associated risk factors in elderly people of Northern India

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20203068 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 3002

Author(s):

Nipun Agrawal ◽

Priyanka Kumar ◽

Atul K. Singh ◽

Shyam B. Gupta

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Economic Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Daily Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Salt Consumption ◽

Northern India ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Background: Of the estimated 57 million global deaths in 2008, 36 million (63%) were due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In terms of attributable deaths, the leading behavioural and physiological risk factors globally are raised blood pressure (to which 13% of global deaths are attributed), followed by tobacco use (9%), raised blood glucose (6%), physical inactivity (6%) and being overweight or obese (5%). With this background the current study was planned to compare the prevalence and modifiable risk factors of hypertension amongst the rural and urban geriatric population.Methods: The present cross-sectional study included 535 persons aged 60 years or more, belonging to the families residing in the field practice areas of Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly. House to house visits were made for face-to-face interview.Results: The mean age of elderly was 66.76±5.92 years. The proportion of elderly who were apparently healthy was 10.1%. The most frequent morbidity found was hypertension (40%) followed in order by obesity (30.67%), arthritis (26.86%), diabetes (25.72%), gastroesophageal reflux disease (19.43%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (14.1%) and irritable bowel syndrome (3.62%). Hypertension was found to be positively associated with increasing age, not being with the spouse (separated, not married or widowed), being businessman, daily consumption of oil and salt, duration of use of tobacco, better socio-economic status, sedentary occupational physical activity and not getting support from the family.Conclusions: Prevalence of hypertension is higher in urban area. Hypertension is associated with age, marital separation, fat and salt consumption, tobacco and sedentary occupation.

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A cross sectional study of hypertension and their risk factors in fishermen of Chennai district

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20182178 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 2464

Author(s):

Gopal Muthukrishnan ◽

Suresh Balan Kumaraswamy Pillai Uma ◽

Anantharaman V. V.

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Economic Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Age Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Background: Hypertension is one of the major public health issues in worldwide. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors in fishermen of Chennai district, Tamil Nadu, India.Methods: The cross sectional study was conducted among 519 fishermen at the coastal areas of north Chennai district selected by multistage cluster sampling method.Results: In our present study, the significantly associated with the factors included age, level of education, economic status, marital status, BMI, diabetes mellitus, diet, smoking and alcohol user were significantly association (p<0.05) with hypertension. The study included 519 fishermen. Among them, 63% (328) were in the age group of 36–55 years, 24% (124) were in the age group of 18-35 years, 13% (67) were >55 years. The fishermen population showed a prevalence of 46.6% for hypertension. The prevalence of smoking tobacco use and alcohol use were found 34.30% and 71.68%. The average SBP and DBP was 127 and 84 mmHg respectively. The mean BMI was 24 (4.38) kg/m2. The prevalence of hypertension was found in 45% and 38.73% were having abdominal obesity.Conclusions: The prevalence of hypertension was higher than the general population. The present study showed a significant association between the duration of alcohol use and prevalence of hypertension although smoking was not found to have significant association. The present study supports the association of obesity with hypertension.

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