scholarly journals Examining the Prospects for Developing a National Child Maltreatment Surveillance System in Ireland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Leary ◽  
Olive M. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Surveillance Programme ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Policy Context ◽  
Irish Government ◽  
Irish Data ◽  
Regional Committee

AbstractThe Irish Government pledged to reducing the prevalence of child maltreatment under the WHO Regional Committee for Europe plan on reducing child maltreatment. As a first step towards a rights-based and public health approach to maltreatment prevention, the WHO plan recommends making child maltreatment more visible across the region, with better surveillance through the use of national surveys that use standardized, validated instruments. We review the policy context, present current Irish data holdings, and outline some of the complexities reported in the literature concerning various surveillance methods in the context of the proposal to establish and maintain a surveillance system for CM in Ireland. Conclusions highlight the need for Ireland to adopting an approach to surveillance as soon as it is feasible. The paper outlines how such a programme is necessary to address the current absence of evidence on which prevention policies can be developed and to compliment the current child protection system. Drawing on a review of current methods in use internationally, we outline options for an Irish child maltreatment surveillance programme.

The Child Maltreatment Prevention Landscape: Where Are We Now, and Where Should We Go?

2020 ◽  
Vol 692 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-118
Author(s):  
Brenda Jones Harden ◽  
Cassandra Simons ◽  
Michelle Johnson-Motoyama ◽  
Richard Barth
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Child Welfare System ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Government Responsibility ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Child Maltreatment Prevention ◽  
Governmental Funding

Child maltreatment calls for a broad range of preventative policies and practices, but limited governmental funding and leadership has been devoted to the problem. Effective strategies to prevent maltreatment exist, but they have had limited uptake in the child welfare system. In this article, we trace how government responsibility for the prevention of child maltreatment became centered within the nation’s child protection response. Further, we discuss developments in prevention science, review the existing literature on the effectiveness of a range of prevention strategies, and present a public health approach to prevention. The article concludes with a set of recommendations to inform future efforts to prevent child maltreatment through approaches that seek to expand capacity for the implementation of evidence-based prevention programs, while addressing the adverse community experiences that exacerbate risk for child maltreatment.

scholarly journals Developing services for a public health approach to child maltreatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Gilbert ◽  
Jenny Woodman ◽  
Stuart Logan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
The Right

Calls for a public health approach to child maltreatment – a strategy that aims primarily to reduce risk factors for maltreatment - have been based on four main arguments. (O’Donnellet al. 2008; Reading et al. 2009; Barlow and Calam, 2011) The right of children to be protected from harm in the first place. The frequency of child maltreatment, which, if all occurrences were notified, would overwhelm child protection systems. The inaccuracy of identification systems, which miss the large majority of maltreated children. And fourth, the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of intervening to prevent child maltreatment comparing with intervention once child maltreatment has occurred. We review the evidence to support these arguments and trace the development of UK policy and health services towards a public health approach.

This is nothing new: Child protection concerns and poverty

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Family Services ◽  
Policy Context ◽  
Societal Responsibility ◽  
Associative Link

The title encapsulates the argument advanced in this paper. The author argues that the associative link between child protection concerns and poverty, although well accepted, is not incorporated into practice with families. The paper presents the results of a small scale qualitative study undertaken in the two North Queensland regional cities of Townsville and Mackay. The author undertook interviews with ten (10) Family Services Officers (FSOs) in the Department of Families (DoF).Interviews revealed that FSOs agreed that family poverty is a stressor for child maltreatment. Participants differed in the extent to which they ascribed personal or societal responsibility for these family circumstances. The paper concludes with four recommendations to deal with family poverty in a child protection practice and policy context. The paper argues that more can and should be done to help children and families in this regard.

scholarly journals Early Prevention of Maternal Sexual Abuse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Gerke ◽  
Tatjana Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Early Prevention ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Hebrew University ◽  
Research Findings

AbstractChild sexual abuse has been discussed thoroughly; however, marginalized groups of victims such as victims of child sexual abuse in early childhood and victims of maternal sexual abuse have rarely been considered. This essay combines these two relevant perspectives in child protection and aims to pin out future directions in the field of child abuse and specifically maternal sexual abuse and its early prevention. In the course of the 7th Haruv International PhD Workshop on Child Maltreatment at the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, in 2019 the topics of maternal sexual abuse and early prevention of child maltreatment in Germany were discussed and intertwined. Problems concerning the specific research of maternal sexual abuse in early childhood and prevention were identified. Both, maternal sexual abuse as well as sexual abuse in early childhood, i.e. before the age of three, are underreported topics. Society still follows a “friendly mother illusion” while recent cases in German media as well as research findings indicate that the mother can be a perpetrator of child sexual abuse. Similarly, sexual abuse in early childhood, namely abuse before the age of three, is existent; although the recognition of it is difficult and young children are, in regards to their age and development especially vulnerable. They need protective adults in their environment, who are aware of sexual abuse in the first years of life. Raising awareness on marginalized or tabooed topics can be a form of prevention. An open dialog in research and practice about the so far marginalized topics of maternal sexual abuse and sexual abuse in early childhood is crucial.

scholarly journals Utility of algorithms for the analysis of integratedSalmonellasurveillance data

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (10) ◽  
pp. 2165-2175 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. VRBOVA ◽  
D. M. PATRICK ◽  
C. STEPHEN ◽  
C. ROBERTSON ◽  
M. KOEHOORN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Chain ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Surveillance Programme ◽  
The Third ◽  
Expert Working Group ◽  
Statistical Algorithms

SUMMARYThe objective of this study was to assess the use of statistical algorithms in identifying significant clusters ofSalmonellaspp. across different sectors of the food chain within an integrated surveillance programme. Three years of weeklySalmonellaserotype data from farm animals, meat, and humans were used to create baseline models (first two years) and identify weeks with counts higher than expected using surveillance algorithms in the third (test) year. During the test year, an expert working group identified events of interest reviewing descriptive analyses of same data. The algorithms did not identifySalmonellaevents presenting as gradual increases or seasonal patterns as identified by the working group. However, the algorithms did identify clusters for further investigation, suggesting they could be a valuable complementary tool within an integrated surveillance system.

scholarly journals The Emergence of Child Protection Capacities in Oman

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Medical Journal ◽  
Shamsa S. Al Balushi ◽  
Gillian Morantz ◽  
Geoffrey Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Health It ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Gulf Countries ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Basic Reference ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon ◽  
Keywords Child

Child Maltreatment (CM) is the abuse and neglect of children under the age of 18 years. It has many types which results in actual or potential harm to the child’s health. It is a widespread phenomenon and is well reported from western countries in contrast with the gulf countries. Reports documenting CM from Oman are now available. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the state and the patterns of Child Maltreatment in Oman. It will also addresses the current Child Protection System (CPS) in Oman and the sociocultural considerations . The study was conducted by reviewing all relevant medical literature published in English before 2020. It will serve as a basic reference in the field of CM in Oman. It should help to identify lacunas in the current CPS, and guide to the establishment of a more effective one. Keywords: Child Maltreatment; Child Protection System; Oman.

In Reply: Residency Training and Child Abuse

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 806-807
Author(s):  
HOWARD DUBOWITZ
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Residency Training ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Initial Report ◽  
Pediatric Residents ◽  
Medical Opinion ◽  
The Family

Dr Johnson provides interesting data indicating the need for improved training in child maltreatment for pediatric residents. I agree with most of his suggestions and would like to make several additional observations. Even when pediatricians might see themselves in a screening role, it is apparent that a report of child abuse can have far-reaching ramifications, such as removal of the child from the family. Frequently, the state agencies involved in child protection give enormous weight to the medical opinion, perhaps too much at times, and so it becomes important that the initial report be reasonably justified.

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