scholarly journals High-pressure compacted recycled polymeric composite waste materials for marine applications

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Clark ◽  
Monika Bleszynski ◽  
Matt Gordon
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Polymeric Composite ◽  
List Type ◽  
Composite Polymer ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

Abstract Abstract Options for recycling fiber composite polymer (FCP) materials are scarce, as these materials cannot be normally recycled and are toxic when improperly disposed. Additionally, reducing water usage is an increasing concern, as the concrete industry currently uses 10% of the world’s industrial water. Therefore, building upon our previous work, this research explores the use of polymer hybrid carbon and glass composite waste products as reinforcements in high-pressure compacted cement. Our material used nearly 70% less water during manufacturing and exhibited improved durability and salt corrosion resistance. Compression strength tests were performed on high-pressure compacted materials containing 6.0 wt% recycled admixtures before and after saltwater aging, and the results showed that the material retained 90% of its original compression strength after aging, as it contained fewer pores and cavities. Our experimental work was supplemented by molecular dynamics. Simulations, which indicated that the synergetic effects of compaction and FCP admixture addition slowed the diffusion of corrosive salt ions by an average of 84%. Thus, our high-pressure compacted cement material may be suitable for extended use in marine environments, while also reducing the amount of commercial fiber composite polymer waste material that is sent to the landfill. Article Highlights Fiber composite waste was successfully recycled into denser, high-pressure compacted ordinary Portland cement materials. High-pressure compacted cement samples containing 6% recycled admixtures retained 90% of their compression strength after salt aging. The high-pressure compaction method utilized 70% less water during specimen fabrication.

Mechanism of high pressure roll grinding on compression strength of oxidized hematite pellets

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2611-2619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-jun Fan ◽  
Guan-zhou Qiu ◽  
Tao Jiang ◽  
Yu-feng Guo ◽  
Hai-zheng Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Compression Strength

scholarly journals Cooperation & Liaison between Universities & Editors (CLUE): recommendations on best practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Wager ◽  
◽  
Sabine Kleinert
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Research Integrity ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Publication Ethics ◽  
List Type ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Academic Journals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Published Research

Abstract Background Inaccurate, false or incomplete research publications may mislead readers including researchers and decision-makers. It is therefore important that such problems are identified and rectified promptly. This usually involves collaboration between the research institutions and academic journals involved, but these interactions can be problematic. Methods These recommendations were developed following discussions at World Conferences on Research Integrity in 2013 and 2017, and at a specially convened 3-day workshop in 2016 involving participants from 7 countries with expertise in publication ethics and research integrity. The recommendations aim to address issues surrounding cooperation and liaison between institutions (e.g. universities) and journals about possible and actual problems with the integrity of reported research arising before and after publication. Results The main recommendations are that research institutions should: develop mechanisms for assessing the integrity of reported research (if concerns are raised) that are distinct from processes to determine whether individual researchers have committed misconduct; release relevant sections of reports of research integrity or misconduct investigations to all journals that have published research that was investigated; take responsibility for research performed under their auspices regardless of whether the researcher still works at that institution or how long ago the work was done; work with funders to ensure essential research data is retained for at least 10 years. Journals should: respond to institutions about research integrity cases in a timely manner; have criteria for determining whether, and what type of, information and evidence relating to the integrity of research reports should be passed on to institutions; pass on research integrity concerns to institutions, regardless of whether they intend to accept the work for publication; retain peer review records for at least 10 years to enable the investigation of peer review manipulation or other inappropriate behaviour by authors or reviewers. Conclusions Various difficulties can prevent effective cooperation between academic journals and research institutions about research integrity concerns and hinder the correction of the research record if problems are discovered. While the issues and their solutions may vary across different settings, we encourage research institutions, journals and funders to consider how they might improve future collaboration and cooperation on research integrity cases.

Research on Number of High-Pressure Grouting of Hierarchical Multiple for Slope Based on Reliability Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 716-717 ◽  
pp. 363-369
Author(s):  
Zhen Hua Xie ◽  
Dong Yang ◽  
Sha Sha Liang ◽  
Zhi Yun Jia
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Rock Mass ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Rock Surface ◽  
Rock Permeability ◽  
Iron Mine ◽  
Probability Calculation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pressure Grouting ◽  
First Time

The technology of hierarchical multiple high-pressure grouting is an effective approach to manage high and steep slope of broken rock mass. The number of grouting is one of the key parameters of this technology. By the analysis of mechanics and grouting theory, the anchoring effect mainly is affected by anchor slurry vein and the contact area with rock mass. Based on the system analysis of slurry vein development for first time and many times high-pressure grouting, the process flow for hierarchical multiple high-pressure grouting is put forward. Serve the rock permeability changes before and after grouting as an indicator measuring slurry and rock surface area, the method of determining grouting number based on the reliable probability is got. Combined with the engineering example of Shouyun Iron Mine, this paper puts forward the reliability criteria of working state of hierarchical multiple high-pressure grouting. Through the probability calculation, the best number of grouting is 4 times. The tests of permeability of rock mass and drawing force verify the accuracy of this determination method.

scholarly journals A High Throughput Approach Based on Dynamic High Pressure for the Encapsulation of Active Compounds in Exosomes for Precision Medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 9896
Author(s):  
Eugenia Romano ◽  
Paolo Antonio Netti ◽  
Enza Torino
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Bilayer Membrane ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Culture Model ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dynamic High Pressure

In recent decades, endogenous nanocarrier-exosomes have received considerable scientific interest as drug delivery systems. The unique proteo-lipid architecture allows the crossing of various natural barriers and protects exosomes cargo from degradation in the bloodstream. However, the presence of this bilayer membrane as well as their endogenous content make loading of exogenous molecules challenging. In the present work, we will investigate how to promote the manipulation of vesicles curvature by a high-pressure microfluidic system as a ground-breaking method for exosomes encapsulation. Exosomes isolated from Uppsala 87 Malignant Glioma (U87-MG) cell culture media were characterized before and after the treatment with high-pressure homogenization. Once their structural and biological stability were validated, we applied this novel method for the encapsulation in the lipidic exosomal bilayer of the chemotherapeutic Irinotecan HCl Trihydrate-CPT 11. Finally, we performed in vitro preliminary test to validate the nanobiointeraction of exosomes, uptake mechanisms, and cytotoxic effect in cell culture model.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Contemporary versus Older Studies of Aspirin for Primary Prevention

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Moriarty ◽  
Mark H. Ebell
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
List Type ◽  
Cancer Death ◽  
Major Hemorrhage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Modern Era

AbstractObjectiveThis study compares the benefits and harms of aspirin for primary prevention before and after widespread use of statins and colorectal cancer screening.MethodsWe compared studies of aspirin for primary prevention that recruited patients from 2005 onward with previous individual patient meta-analyses that recruited patients from 1978 to 2002. Data for contemporary studies were synthesized using random-effects models. We report vascular (major adverse cardiovascular events [MACE], myocardial infarction [MI], stroke), bleeding, cancer, and mortality outcomes.ResultsThe IPD analyses of older studies included 95,456 patients for CV prevention and 25,270 for cancer mortality, while the four newer studies had 61,604 patients. Relative risks for vascular outcomes for older vs newer studies follow: MACE: 0.89 (95% CI 0.83-0.95) vs 0.93 (0.86-0.99); fatal hemorrhagic stroke: 1.73 (1.11-2.72) vs 1.06 (0.66-1.70); any ischemic stroke: 0.86 (0.74-1.00) vs 0.86 (0.75-0.98); any MI: 0.84 (0.77-0.92) vs 0.88 (0.77-1.00); and non-fatal MI: 0.79 (0.71-0.88) vs 0.94 (0.83-1.08). Cancer death was not significantly decreased in newer studies (RR 1.11, 0.92-1.34). Major hemorrhage was significantly increased for both older and newer studies (RR 1.48, 95% CI 1.25-1.76 vs 1.37, 95% CI 1.24-1.53). There was no effect in either group on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, fatal stroke, or fatal MI.ConclusionsIn the modern era characterized by widespread statin use and cancer screening, aspirin does not reduce the risk of non-fatal MI or cancer death. There are no mortality benefits and a significant risk of major hemorrhage. Aspirin should no longer be recommended for primary prevention.Summary of current evidence and what this study addsWhat is already known about this subject?The cumulative evidence for aspirin suggests a role in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, and in reducing cancer incidence and mortality.However most of the trials of aspirin for primary prevention were set in Europe and the United States and recruited patients prior to the year 2000.The benefits and harms of aspirin should be considered separately in studies performed in the eras before and after widespread use of statins and colorectal cancer screening.What does this study add?This study provides the most detailed summary to date of cardiac, stroke, bleeding, mortality and cancer outcomes to date in the literature.In trials of aspirin for primary prevention from 2005 onwards, aspirin reduced major adverse cardiovascular events but significantly increased the risk of bleeding, with no benefit for mortality or,Unlike older studies, there was no reduction in cancer mortality and non-fatal myocardial infarction.How does this impact on clinical practice?Our study suggests aspirin should not be recommended for primary prevention in the modern era.

Studies the Influence of HPP on Celery’s Transverse Texture and Tissue

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1456-1459
Author(s):  
Shu Lai Xu
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
High Pressure Processing ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
World Food ◽  
Ultra High Pressure ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After

In order to process and preserve vegetables by High Pressure Processing (HPP), the texture and tissue of celery processed by HPP was studied in this paper. HPP is gaining in popularity with the world food industry. However, processing and preservation of vegetables by HPP is an advanced technology. In this study, ten celery samples had been treated at the diverse pressure for different time respectively. Furthermore, the slices of the samples before and after HPP had been made and observed by microscope. Although little celery juice effused at ultra high pressure (600 MPa) for 5 min or at 400 MPa for longer time (more than 20 min), the comprehensive observations and analyses showed that in general the texture and tissue of celery could not be damaged by high pressure. The conclusion is that processing celery at 600 MPa for 5 min is the practicable technology.

P42 The impact of a change to hospital guidelines on prescribing practices of nebulised 3% w/v ‘hypertonic’ saline

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. e1.47-e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semple Diarmaid ◽  
McNally Paul ◽  
Fitzpatrick Anne ◽  
Adeyemi Kenny ◽  
McGrory Niamh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypertonic Saline ◽  
Clinical Guideline ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Inappropriate Prescribing ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
List Type ◽  
Guideline Compliance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

AimsRecent conclusive evidence has suggested that, contrary to previous limited evidence, there is no benefit to the use of 3% hypertonic saline (3% HS) in the treatment of bronchiolitis in infants.1,2 This led to a change in the clinical guideline during the 2015/2016 bronchiolitis season. We hypothesised that the use of hypertonic saline was preventing the use of other un-necessary treatments and that inappropriate prescribing would increase following the advice not to give hypertonic saline.The primary aim of the study was to determine if the removal of 3% hypertonic saline from the institutional clinical guideline would result in reduced prescribing patterns. A secondary aim was to evaluate the overall prescribing compliance with the guideline including in the prescribing of antibiotics and bronchodilators, and identify if the change in the clinical guideline impacted the prescribing of other agents in children admitted with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis.MethodsData on medical treatments and hospital outcomes were prospectively collected on all infants in the 2015/2016 season both before and after the change in guideline. Details of all medicines prescribed on the patients Medication Record particularly bronchodilators, antimicrobials and inhaled agents were collected. Patient demographics were collected from medical notes. Results were analysed using chi square and Mann Whitney in Excel and Stata.Results128 children (86 before, 42 after the change in guideline) were recruited to the study. Baseline demographics were similar except for a higher proportion of children with RSV in the pre-group. Overall guideline compliance was achieved by 2 infants pre, and 3 infants post guideline change (4%). The use of hypertonic saline decreased significantly after the change in guideline but did not cease (90% pre, 71% post p<0.01). Bronchodilators were used in one in 4 infants and antibiotics in one in 3 infants, and there was no significant difference in these rates before or after the change in guidelines.ConclusionThe change to the guideline reduced the use of 3%HS, however overall guideline compliance in children with bronchiolitis is poor. Hypertonic saline use decreased when the guideline changed but a significant portion of children before and after the guideline change received medications not indicated in the treatment of bronchiolitis, including bronchodilators and antibiotics. It appears that it remains difficult to ‘do nothing’ for bronchiolitis. Poor clinical practice remains and education of clinical staff is necessary in this regard.ReferencesGuidance: Bronchiolitis in children: diagnosis and management, NICE (NG9) Published date: June 2015.Silver AH, Esteban-Cruciani N, Azzarone G, et al. 3% hypertonic saline versus normal saline in inpatient bronchiolitis: A randomised controlled trial. Paediatrics2015;136:1036–1043.

scholarly journals Gene Expression Changes in the Skin of Patients Undergoing Medial Thigh Liposuction With Pre-Surgical and Post-Surgical Application of Topical Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E Ziegler ◽  
Brannon Claytor ◽  
Michaela Bell ◽  
Laurie Casas ◽  
Alan D Widgerow
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Topical Treatment ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Topical Product ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Medial Thigh ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Skin topical preconditioning before and after surgical procedures is a relatively new concept, particularly in relation to the efficient removal of tissue breakdown products. Clinical trials demonstrate improvements, such as less induration, when surgery is combined with topical product preconditioning and with usage post-surgery. Objectives This trial aimed to assess the efficacy of such a regimen at the molecular level through gene expression studies in combination with clinical assessments. Methods Six women who underwent medial thigh liposuction administered either a bland moisturizer or the experimental topical products to each side of the surgical area twice daily. Biopsies were taken before any topical application, at 2 and 4 weeks after liposuction. An inflammation-related gene expression analysis was conducted to compare the different conditions. In addition, the degree of induration was assessed in a blinded manner. Results Compared with the bland moisturizer, the experimental group demonstrated a hastened immune inflammatory response moving more rapidly to an anti-inflammatory reversal at 2 weeks followed by a wound healing extracellular remodeling effect at 4 weeks. This matched the clinical picture depicting less induration with the treatment. Conclusions For patients undergoing body procedures, a topical treatment with the Alastin induces an accelerated healing response, inducing the clearance of “waste” products and the induction of anti-inflammatory genes. Furthermore, this topical treatment stimulates extracellular matrix remodeling, which ultimately leads to less induration. Level of Evidence: 5

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