The relationship of personality disorders and axis 1 disorders in the general population

AbstractObesity is a global health concern because of its increasing trend both in developed and developing countries. A limited number of studies have evaluated the association of liver enzymes with both general and abdominal obesity in the general population; data for the Bangladeshi population are not available yet. This study aimed to assess the relationship of serum liver enzymes activity with both general and abdominal obesity in Bangladeshi adults. In total, 540 blood samples were obtained from the participants (388 males and 152 females) and analyzed for serum levels of ALT, AST, GGT, and ALP using standard methods. General obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 27.5 kg/m2 and abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference (WC) ≥ 90 cm in males and ≥ 80 cm in females. The relationship between liver enzymes and obesity was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression models. Overall, 58% of participants in the general obesity group and 55% of the participants in the abdominal obesity group had at least one or more elevated levels of liver enzymes. The prevalence of elevated liver enzymes was significantly higher in the obesity group compared to the normal BMI and WC groups (p < 0.05 for all cases). The mean level of serum ALT, AST and GGT were significantly higher in the obesity group than the normal BMI group (p < 0.05). In the WC groups, mean AST and GGT were significantly higher in the obesity group compared to the normal group (p < 0.05). In regression analysis, serum levels of ALT showed an independent and significant association with general obesity, whereas, serum GGT showed a significant association with both general and abdominal obesity. In conclusion, a high prevalence of elevated liver enzymes was observed among participants included in the present study. Of the four enzymes, serum GGT was independently associated with both general and abdominal obesity. Further studies are required to understand the complex relationship between liver enzymes and obesity in the general population.

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The Newcomers Group

Routledge Encyclopedia of Modernism ◽

10.4324/9781135000356-rem878-1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Sarah-Neel Smith

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

State Policy ◽

Fine Arts ◽

Press Coverage ◽

Western Modernity ◽

National Body ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Village ◽

The Relationship ◽

Village Institutes

The Newcomers Group [YenilerGrubu] was formed in 1940 while its members were still students at the Istanbul Academy of Fine Arts under Leopold Levy (1840–1904), and was active through 1952. It is also known as the Harbor Group [LimanGrubu], in reference to the theme of the collective’s first exhibition, which featured scenes of waterfront life in Istanbul. Similar to art collective D Group (1933–1947), the Newcomers aimed to portray what they saw as uniquely Turkish social realities using formal strategies associated with Western modernity, including impressionist, fauvist, and cubist painting techniques. At the same time, the Newcomers claimed with greater urgency than the D Group that local artists were obligated to engage directly with Turkey’s general population. This preoccupation with the relationship of the artist in an elite social position to the larger national body was closely linked to ongoing debates both in state policy (reflected in the development of the Homeland Tours program from 1938–1943, and the Village Institutes from 1940–1954) and in the Turkish literary world. As a result, the Newcomers received ample press coverage and the support of major literary figures such as Hilmi Ziya Ülken (1901–1974) and Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar (1901–1962), who also sought to develop national art forms rooted in Turkish popular experience.

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Survival, Fecundity, and Population Growth of Melanoplus bilituratus (Wlk.) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in Relation to Date of Hatching

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent921-1 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 92 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

R. Pickford

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Population Growth ◽

Western Canada ◽

Adverse Weather ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

In Western Canada, Melanoplus bilituratus (Wlk.) may hatch from early May to mid-July, depending on seasonal conditions. Little information is available on the relationship of time of hatching to population growth except that grasshoppers emerging too early in the spring may be destroyed by adverse weather that often occurs at this time (Shotwell, 1941). Also, it has beenassumed that grasshoppers hatching late in the summer mature too late to contribute much to general population growth.

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A Genetic Study of Affective Illness in Patients over 50

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.110.465.244 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 110 (465) ◽

pp. 244-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 87

Author(s):

G. Hopkinson

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Later Life ◽

Manic Depressive Psychosis ◽

Affective Illness ◽

Manic Depressive ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Involutional Melancholia ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Depressive Patients

The genetic evidence concerning affective illness of later life is still conflicting and the relationship of such conditions to the manic-depressive psychosis unclear. Kallman (1955) believed that, genetically, involutional melancholia bore a closer relationship to schizophrenia than to the manic-depressive psychosis. An increased risk for schizophrenia amongst the relatives of such patients was not observed by Kay (1959) and Stenstedt (1952). Both these writers do however describe a lower loading for manic-depressive psychosis than would be found amongst the relations of manic-depressive patients, though a much higher incidence than in the general population. Both Stenstedt and Kay assumed that they were dealing with a heterogeneous group of patients containing both psychotic and neurotic depressions.

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The relationship of DSM-IV personality disorders to nicotine dependence-results from a national survey

Drug and Alcohol Dependence ◽

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.12.004 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 108 (1-2) ◽

pp. 141-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Attila J. Pulay ◽

Frederick S. Stinson ◽

W. June Ruan ◽

Sharon M. Smith ◽

Roger P. Pickering ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorders ◽

Nicotine Dependence ◽

National Survey ◽

Dsm Iv ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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Locus of Control and Decision to Abort

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1984.54.2.547 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 547-553 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Paul N. Dixon ◽

Donald A. Strano ◽

Welborn Willingham

Keyword(s):

Locus Of Control ◽

General Population ◽

Unwanted Pregnancy ◽

First Trimester ◽

Personality Characteristics ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Scale ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Control Construct

The relationship of locus of control to deciding on an abortion was investigated. Rotter's Scale was given to 118 women immediately prior to abortion, 2 wk., and 3 mo. following the abortion. Subjects' locus of control scores were compared across the three times, and the abortion group's pretest scores were compared with those of a nonpregnant control group. As hypothesized, the aborting group scored significantly more internal than the general population but no differences in locus of control were found across the three times. The length of delay in deciding to abort an unwanted pregnancy following confirmation was also assessed. Women seeking first-trimester abortions were divided into internal and external groups on the Rotter Locus of Control Scale and the lengths of delay were compared. The hypothesis that external scorers would delay the decision longer than internal ones was confirmed. The results confirm characteristics of the locus of control construct and add information about personality characteristics of women undergoing abortion.

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The relationship of early alliance ruptures and their resolution to process and outcome in three time-limited psychotherapies for personality disorders.

Psychotherapy ◽

10.1037/a0016085 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 233-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

J. Christopher Muran ◽

Jeremy D. Safran ◽

Bernard S. Gorman ◽

Lisa Wallner Samstag ◽

Catherine Eubanks-Carter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorders ◽

Process And Outcome ◽

Alliance Ruptures ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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The Relationship of Personality Disorders and Axis I Clinical Disorders

The Oxford Handbook of Personality Disorders ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199735013.013.0012 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 236-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paul S. Links ◽

Jamal Y. Ansari ◽

Fatima Fazalullasha ◽

Ravi Shah

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorders ◽

Clinical Utility ◽

Future Research ◽

Axis Ii ◽

Clinical Disorders ◽

Current Axis ◽

Single Category ◽

Axis I ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

The purpose of this review is (a) to study and systematically review the recent literature examining the co-occurrence and relationships between Axis I psychiatric disorders and Axis II personality disorders (PDs), specifically the five originally proposed for DSM- 5, and (b) to consider the clinical utility of the current Axis I and II approach in DSM-IV-TR. Community surveys or prospective cohort studies were reviewed as a priority. Our review indicates that the associations between clinical disorders and PDs clearly varied within each disorder and across the five PDs. Our understanding has advanced, particularly related to the clinical utility of comorbidity; however, it seems premature to conclude that comorbidity is best conceptualized by having all disorders in a single category or by deleting disorders so that comorbidity no longer occurs. Our review suggests some priorities for future research into comorbidity such as including PDs in future multivariate comorbidity models.

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