Effect of macromolecular chemical structure and isomerism on the stability of poly(vinyl chloride)

1984 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.S. Minsker ◽  
S.V. Kolesov ◽  
V.M. Yanborisov ◽  
A.A. Berlin ◽  
G.E. Zaikov
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
The Stability

scholarly journals Poly(vinyl chloride) Composites with Raspberry Pomace Filler

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1079
Author(s):  
Jacek Mirowski ◽  
Rafał Oliwa ◽  
Mariusz Oleksy ◽  
Jolanta Tomaszewska ◽  
Joanna Ryszkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Shore Hardness ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Natural Filler ◽  
Stability Time

This study examined, the effect of chemically extracted raspberry pomace on the thermal stability, mechanical properties, flammability, chemical structure and processing of poly(vinyl chloride). It was observed that the pomace in this study was used to extract naphtha, thereby permitting the removal of bio-oil as a factor preventing the obtaining of homogeneous composites. Furthermore, adding 20% raspberry pomace filler after extraction extended the thermal stability time for the composites by about 30%. It was observed that composite density, impact strength, and tensile strength values decreased significantly with increasing concentrations of filler in the PVC matrix. At the same time, their modulus of elasticity and Shore hardness increased. All tested composites were characterized by a good burning resistance with a flammability rating of V0 according to the UL94 test. Adding 20 to 40% of a natural filler to the PVC matrix made it possible to obtain composites for the production of flame resistant elements that emitted less hydrogen chloride under fire conditions while ensuring good rigidity.

Zinc Hydroxystannate-Coated Mineral Grade Mg(OH)2 as Flame-Retardant and Smoke Suppression for Flexible PVC

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 481-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Zheng Wang ◽  
Wei Hong Wu ◽  
Xia Ye ◽  
Lei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Smoke Suppression ◽  
Crosslinking Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Smoke Suppressant ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Zinc Hydroxystannate ◽  
The Stability

A zinc hydroxystannate-coated mineral grade Mg(OH)2 (ZHSCMH) was synthesized as flame retardant and smoke suppressant for flexible poly (vinyl chloride). The powder of ZHSCMH was characterized by the x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The flame retardancy, smoke suppression and thermal behavior of PVC treated with ZHSCMH and mineral grade Mg(OH)2 were comparative studied by means of limiting oxygen index (LOI), smoke density rating (SDR), thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermogravimetry (DTG) and SEM. The results show that, ZHSCMH can be used as a high effective flame retardant and smoke suppressant for PVC. The flame retardant of ZHSCMH can effectively promote the crosslinking reaction of poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) in the first stage, and improve the stability of the char residue in the second stage.

Effect of chemical structure and configuration isomerism of macromolecules on stability of poly(vinyl chloride)

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1364-1372
Author(s):  
K.S Minsker ◽  
S.V Kolesov ◽  
V.M Yanborisov ◽  
Al.Al Berlin ◽  
G.Ye Zaikov
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride

scholarly journals Transport of chromium(III) from mixtures of chromium ions by CTA- and PVC-based inclusion membranes

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 1792-1801
Author(s):  
J. Rajewski
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Carrier Concentration ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Cellulose Triacetate ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Optimum Range ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
The Stability

Abstract The author analysed the stability of cellulose triacetate (CTA)- and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)-based polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) containing bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as a carrier for chromium(III) separation from mixtures of Cr(III)/Cr(VI) ions. He also studied the influence of carrier (D2EHPA) concentration in PVC- and CTA-based PIMs on chromium(III) ion transport, at different initial concentrations of the Cr(III) ions. Based on the results, the optimum range of carrier concentration in both membranes guaranteeing the fastest process was found. Moreover, PIMs with D2EHPA as the carrier worked as selective barriers for Cr(VI) ions. However, in the case of CTA/PIM, the increase in Cr(VI) concentration above 0.005 mol/dm3 negatively influenced Cr(III) transport, which was caused by the degradation of the polymer matrix. The PVC/PIM was not influenced by the Cr(VI) ions, thus PVC was definitely a better polymer for the synthesis of PIM for the separation of Cr(III/VI) ions. It was also demonstrated that both membranes were not stable over a long process time. The results reported in this study suggest that the factor that determines the stability of PIMs with D2EHPA is the presence of water in the membrane and the formation of unstable micellar structures.

scholarly journals The synergism of MgCO3 and 2ZnCO3·3ZnO·4H2O as flame retardants and smoke suppressants for flexible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)

e-Polymers ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongqiang Qu ◽  
Weihong Wu ◽  
Yunhong Jiao ◽  
Jixing Xie ◽  
Jianzhong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Char Residue ◽  
Initial Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Synergistic Agent

AbstractMgCO3 and 2ZnCO3·3ZnO·4H2O (AZC) as flame-retardants and smoke suppressants for flexible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was evaluated using limiting oxygen index (LOI), smoke density rating (SDR) tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). The activation energy (Ea) of the original and flame retardant PVCs’ degradation processes was calculated by the Vyazovkin method. The results showed that the AZC can be used as a synergistic agent for MgCO3 as flame retardants agent of flexible PVC. The composites of MgCO3 and AZC cannot only decrease the initial decomposition temperature and increase the weight loss rate in the first stage, but also can promote the char formation in the second stage. The AZC decreased the Ea of the degradation reaction of PVC in the first stage and MgCO3 increased the Ea in the second stage, which means that the AZC combined with MgCO3, catalyzed the dehydrochlorination, promoted the early crosslinking for the PVC compound and improve the stability of the char residue. The SEM results also show that the char residue of MgCO3/AZC treated sample has a continuous and denser structure, which can be used as a barrier for the PVC bulk.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Carvedilol–Organotin Complexes and Their Effects on Reducing Photodegradation of Poly(Vinyl Chloride)

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar G. Mousa ◽  
Gamal A. El‐Hiti ◽  
Mohammed A. Baashen ◽  
Muna Bufaroosha ◽  
Ahmed Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Pvc Film ◽  
Tin Complexes

Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) undergoes photodegradation induced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation; therefore, for outdoor applications, its photostability should be enhanced through the use of additives. Several carvedilol tin complexes were synthesized, characterized and mixed with PVC to produce thin films. These films were irradiated at 25 °C with a UV light (λ = 313 nm) for up to 300 h. The reduction in weight and changes in chemical structure and surface morphology of the PVC films were monitored. The films containing synthesized complexes showed less undesirable changes than the pure PVC film. Organotin with a high content of aromatics was particularly efficient in inhibiting photodegradation of PVC. The carvedilol tin complexes both absorbed UV light and scavenged radicals, hydrochloride, and peroxides and, therefore, photostabilized PVC.

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