Nutritive value of processed crop residues

1980 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.N. Mowat ◽  
V.K. Srivastava ◽  
M. Moo-Young ◽  
A.J. Daugulis
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Crop Residues

Adoption and Commercialization of Green Corn, Green Corn –Based Silage, Haylage and Ummb Production for Dairy Cattle in Cagayan Valley, Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-92
Author(s):  
Eva U. Cammayo ◽  
Nilo E. Padilla
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
Dry Spell ◽  
Dairy Animals

This research aimed to improve dairy production and increase the income of dairy farmers using locally available feed resources. Small-scale milk producers rely heavily on available feed resources in the locality which are either indigenous in the area or introduced species for feed and nutrition of their dairy cattle and buffalos. Their milk output depends mainly on seasonal fluctuations in the quality and quantity of natural forage. Crop residues such as corn stover and rice straw which are high in fiber but low in nutrients serve as a feed supplement and filler to the daily diets of dairy cattle and buffalos. Cagayan Valley is an ear of top corn and rice-producing region. The potential of crop residues as feed supplements or raw materials of dairy cattle/buffalo feed mix is great. But dairy farmers still face the scarcity problem of quality feed resources for dairy animals especially during the dry season. The supply of forage is very low during the dry spell. Inadequate feed mix and low nutritive value of feed mix result in low or no milk production. Producing green corn and ensiling it to produce green corn silage preserves and prolong the storage life of forages. In this way, a stable supply of feed mix for dairy animals is assured year-round. Type of Paper: Empirical. Keywords: adoption and commercialization, dairy industry, financial viability, green-corn silage production, indigenous grasses, smallholder farmers.

Effect of field storage on quantity and quality of sorghum(sorghum bicolor moech) stover and lablab (lablab purpureus [L] sweet) haulm

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 199-199
Author(s):  
Aichi J Kitalyi ◽  
E Owen ◽  
L A Mtenga
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Qualitative Changes

In situ grazing is the most common method of feeding crop residues in semi-arid tropical Africa. The prevailing method of storing is to leave the crop residues standing in the field until grazing. Although such field storage would be expected to result in reduced nutritive value (eg loss of leaf), costs of residue harvesting (eg baling) and storing using conventional forage conservation methods would probably be prohibitive to small-scale farmers (Mlay, 1987).There is a dearth of information on quantitative and qualitative changes in crop residues left standing in fields after grain harvesting. A study was therefore carried out at Mpwapwa, Tanzania to measure the effects of varying the duration of field storage upon the quantity and quality of sorghum stover and lablab bean haulm.

scholarly journals Integrating Characterization of Smallholders’ Feeding Practices with On-Farm Feeding Trials to Improve Utilization of Crop Residues on Smallholder Farms

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. O. Kashongwe ◽  
B. O. Bebe ◽  
P. A. Ooro ◽  
P. K. Migwi ◽  
T. A. Onyango
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
On Farm

This study characterized wheat straw feeding practices in smallholder farms using cross sectional survey and the results informed the design of an experiment to improve the nutritive value of wheat straw with urea and yeast culture treatment. Three diets tested in 49 days’ feeding trial were farmers’ rainy season feeding practice (FP), addition of urea to wheat straw at the time of feeding (USWS), and 14 days’ incubation of straw with urea (UTWS). Yeast culture (15 g/day) was mixed with commercial dairy meal at the point of feeding. Survey data identified farmers’ strategies in utilizing crop residues of which most important were improving storage facility (77.6%), adding molasses (54.5%), and buying a shredding machine (45.1%). On-farm feeding trial showed that intake was higher for UTWS than (p<0.05) for USWS while milk yield was higher with FP than (p<0.005) with UTWS or USWS but not different (p≥0.05) between UTWS and USWS. Results imply that farmers feeding practices of crop residues may be improved for dairy cows’ feeding and therefore UTWS could be used to support maintenance and milk production during dry season. Improving farmers feed storage facilities and training on incubation of wheat straw for dairy cattle feeding were recommended.

Review: The composition and availability of straw and chaff from small grain cereals for beef cattle in western Canada

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. McCartney ◽  
H. C. Block ◽  
P. L. Dubeski ◽  
A. J. Ohama
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Nutrition Research ◽  
Cereal Grain

Small cereal grain residues are heterogeneous feeds consisting of several botanical fractions: chaff, grain, leaf blade, leaf sheath, internode and node. These parts vary in composition, digestibility, resistance to comminution, intake potential and energy availability. Large differences in the nutritional quality of straw and chaff may occur from year to year and between locations due to effects of environmental conditions on botanical composition and cell anatomy. Stage of maturity, harvest method and weathering will influence composition and quality of the most nutritious parts of cereal residues, the leaf and chaff. In addition, cultivars and species differ in the proportion, anatomy and digestibility of botanical fractions. As a result, the quality of crop residues is highly variable with an economic value that is difficult to accurately assess. Cereal straw and chaff are of low economic value as they are low in nutritive value, where nutritive value is the product of nutrient intake, digestibility, and efficiency of use. However, due to availability, cereal crop residues have the potential to be a substantial feed resource for beef cows. Previous reviews have not focused on straw and chaff nutrition research relevant to use by beef cattle in western Canada. This review includes discussions on yield and nutritive value with a focus on identifying information deficiencies, including the lack of detailed production statistics for determining residue yields on a regional bases and the need for more detailed nutrient composition to update regional feed data bases for western Canada. Key words: Straw, chaff, nutrient quality, beef cattle

Effects of Variety, Altitude, and Undersowing with Legumes on the Nutritive Value of Wheat Straw

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urs Schulthess ◽  
Abate Tedla ◽  
M. A. Mohamed-Saleem ◽  
Abdullah N. Said
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Small Reduction ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Different Altitudes

SUMMARYWheat was planted at different altitudes in the Ethiopian highlands. Increased altitude led to a lower neutral detergent fibre (NDF) content and a higher in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) of the leaf blades, leaf sheaths and stems. The varieties tested did not differ in NDF content, however, because of the improved NDF digestibility of all three straw fractions. The semi-dwarf varieties had a higher IVOMD than the standard tall wheats. The local durum wheat variety showed a much higher sodium content and a more favourable Na:K ratio. Undersowing with an equal mixture of Trifolium ruepellianum (Fres.) and Trifolium steudneri (Schwf.) led to a small reduction in straw yield but increased the crude protein content of the crop residues from 2.3 to 7.1% and the IVOMD from 44 to 51% as compared to the sole wheat stand.

Relationship of phenotypic variation in sorghum to nutritive value of crop residues

2010 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Vietor ◽  
G.A. Rhodes ◽  
W.L. Rooney
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Relationship Of

scholarly journals Effect of Bulking Materials on Composting of Layer Litter

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
F Alam ◽  
MA Hashem ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
SEM Rahman ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Tree Leaves ◽  
Saw Dust ◽  
Litter Composting

The experiment was carried out to examine the possibilities of making compost by using layer litter with different bulking materials and to assess the nutritive value of compost. To fulfill the objectives five treatments were considered e.g., anaerobic composting with layer litter (T1), layer litter with straw (T2), layer litter with tree leaves (T3), layer litter with crop residues (T4) and layer litter with saw dust (T5) under soil surface. The samples from composted materials were collected at 0, 10, 20 and 30 days for proximate analysis. At 0 day of layer litter composting DM content did not vary significantly (p>0.01) var ied in all treatments.. At 10 day of layer litter composting DM content was the highest in T4 (50.0%) and CF content was the highest in T2 (22.2%). CP content remained similar varied in all treatments. At 20 day of layer litter composting DM content was highest in T4 (51.5%), CP content was the highest in T4 (19.5%), CF content was the highest in T2 (18.0%), Ash content was the highest in T4 (18.5%). At 30 day of layer litter composting DM content was the highest in T2 (51.1%) and CP content was the highest in T4 (17.6%). The pH value decreased upto first tendays then gradually increased with the composting period and highest value was obtained by T1 (8.40) then followed by T2 (8.20), T3 (8.15), T5 (8.10) and T4 (8.00) (p<0.01) at 30 d of composting. The C/N ratios increased (p<0.01) in all treatments with the advancing of composting period and highest value was obtained in T4 (27.9) followed by T1 (26.7), T5 (26.3), T3 (26.2) and T2 (25.3) considerably with the composting period. So, it may be concluded that proximate composition of all samples at 20 days in T4 treatment was acceptable up to the end of composting period. However, composting layerlitter with crop residues (T4) was more effective compare to other treatments at 20 days of composting in terms of Dry matter, CP content, C/N ration and pH.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22054 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 141-144 2013

scholarly journals Purification and characterization of versatile peroxidase from Lentinus squarrosulus and its application in biodegradation of lignocellulosics

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 280-286
Author(s):  
Aarthi Ravichandran ◽  
Ramya G Rao ◽  
Maheswarappa Gopinath ◽  
Manpal Sridhar
Keyword(s):  
Finger Millet ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Versatile Peroxidase ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Km Value

Versatile Peroxidases are high redox potential peroxidases capable of degrading lignin of lignocellulosic crop residues. Hence Versatile Peroxidases are prominent biocatalysts in upgrading lignocellulosic biomass for biotechnological applications. In the interest of exploiting the potential of Versatile Peroxidase in improving the digestibility of crop residues through delignification, a novel Versatile Peroxidase was purified and characterized from the immobilized cultures of native isolate Lentinus squarrosulus. The enzyme was purified with a specific activity of 62 U/mg through ion exchange and gel filtration chromatographic procedures. The enzyme possessed high affinity towards RB5 and manganese with a Km value of 6.84 µM for RB5 and 0.15 mM for manganese. The optimum temperature for oxidation was identified to be 30°C and optimum pH for manganese and RB5 oxidation was 5 and 3 respectively. Reactivity of the enzyme towards diverse substrates was investigated besides studying the effect of metal ions and inhibitors on RB5 oxidation. The enhanced potential of this purified Versatile Peroxidase in biodegradation of crop residues was demonstrated through augmentation of digestibility of finger millet and paddy straws by 20%.The results demonstrated that Versatile Peroxidase from Lentinus squarrosulus is capable of enhancing the nutritive value of crop residues through delignification

scholarly journals Determining Nutritive Value of Cereal Crop Residues and Lentil (<i>Lens esculanta</i>) Straw for Ruminants

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyob Haile ◽  
Mathew Gicheha ◽  
Francis K. Njonge ◽  
Goitom Asgedom
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Cereal Crop

scholarly journals Enriching the Nutritive Value of Marigold (Tagetes Erecta L) Crop Residues as a Ruminant​ Feed by Lactic Acid​ During Ensilage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijiang Hou ◽  
Jianyong Liu ◽  
Ming Cai ◽  
Yanpei Liu ◽  
Lan Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tagetes Erecta ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Tagetes Erecta L ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Background: Marigold (Tagetes erecta L) accounts for over half of the world's loose flower production, and marigold crop residues (MCR) are abundantly available and should be used as a forage. In this study, MCR from the last commercial flower pickings was ensilaged with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and the shift in their volatile organic compounds (VOCs) profiles was monitored. Samples were collected at 6 different times during ensilage (3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 30 days) to determine and quantify the VOCs changes using a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) technique and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: After 30 days, the caryophyllene and piprocyone, which account for 14.67% and 12.17% of total VOCs, decreased by 32.86% and 9.62% respectively, alcohols increased from 2.8% to 8.13%, and the acetic acid content increased by 560%. Conclusion: The results reported in this study show that during ensilage, LAB influences type and levels of VOCs. These results have shed light on our understanding of how to improve marigold residue odor and to enhance terpene degradation by lactic acid bacteria fermentation.

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