The functional growth and development of the lung during the first year of life

1977 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Stocks
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEGRO INFANTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Roland B. Scott ◽  
Angella D. Ferguson ◽  
Melvin E. Jenkins ◽  
Fred F. Cutter
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Private Practice ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
First Year ◽  
Daily Care ◽  
Patterns Of Behavior ◽  
First Year Of Life

The time of occurrence of 12 neuromuscular patterns of behavior in the development of 2 groups of Negro infants from different socio-economic levels during the first year of life is presented. The Negro infants from the clinic showed acceleration over the Negro infants from private practice in their development from the 8th to the 35th week of life, after which time, the development of the 2 groups was essentially the same. The Negro infants as a group showed acceleration in their development when compared with a group of white infants studied in a similar manner by Aldrich except in 2 patterns, "smiling" and "vocalization." A marked similarity was noted during the first 30 weeks of life in the development of the white and Negro infants from private practice whose socio-economic backgrounds were substantially similar. The differences and similarities observed in the neuromuscular behavior in the 3 groups studied may be attributed mainly to environmental factors. The observed acceleration in the Negro infants is apparently an expression of greater permissiveness in daily care as practiced by the mothers or mother substitutes in the lower socio-economic classes.

scholarly journals Growth and development of the wild-growing subshrub Salsola orientalis SG Gmel. in culture under conditions of the Central Asian desert

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012035
Author(s):  
E Z Shamsutdinova ◽  
Z Sh Shamsutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
First Year ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Forage Value ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Degraded Pastures

Abstract In terms of life form Salsola orientalis S.G. Gmel. is a semi-shrub; its height reaches 40–60 cm; in terms of ecology, it is a haloxerophyte, extremely resistant to salt stress, air, and soil droughts. Salsola orientalis is a highly nutritious forage plant containing up to 20% protein in the budding phase. High resistance to environmental stress and good forage value allow us to consider it as a promising plant – its introduction into culture allowed restoring the forage productivity of degraded pastures in the Central Asian desert. The features of growth and development of Salsola orientalis were studied for ecological and biological characteristics and the possibility of introducing it into culture. It was found that the laboratory germination of seeds of the wild-growing half-shrub Salsola orientalis was quite high – 20–60%; field germination was very low – 0.1–1.7%. The survival rate of seedlings in young plants depends on environmental conditions and plant density. Under conditions of the Central Asian desert the plants basically die in the first year, especially in the germination phase; in the second year we registered insignificant losses; in subsequent years the number of plants stabilized. Salsola orientalis was found to be a fast growing plant, forming a normal half-shrub in the first year of life. The high ecological stability of Salsola orientalis in combination with its deeply penetrating and powerfully developed root system ensures vigorous and rapid growth. Under conditions of the Central Asian desert Salsola orientalis yields 1.3–1.7 t/ha of dry fodder mass, which is 4–5 times higher than the fodder productivity of natural desert pastures.

Women As Mothers and Grandmothers

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANGELA B. MCBRIDE ◽  
CHERYL PROHASKA SHORE
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
First Year ◽  
Role Development ◽  
Maternal Role ◽  
Traditional Family ◽  
The Past ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Made In

This chapter analyzes the literature on women as mothers; research reports published between January 1985 and December 1999 were reviewed. As in the past, almost all of the extant studies analyzed the experience of mothers in their children’s first year of life. Although therapeutic suggestions were made in many studies, relatively few interventions have been implemented and evaluated. More studies are needed that go beyond traditional family forms and that explore mothers’ role development over the full course of their children’s growth and development. Additional longitudinal research that views maternal role development as a process is indicated.

scholarly journals Eating Patterns and Food Choices of Latvian Infants during Their First Year of Life

Medicina ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Sirina ◽  
Ieva Strele ◽  
Inese Siksna ◽  
Dace Gardovska
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Complementary Food ◽  
First Year ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Breastfeeding Rate ◽  
First Year Of Life

Introduction: Pregnancy, infancy, and early childhood are periods of rapid growth and development. The role of nutrition is very important during these critical growth and development periods. The aim of the study was to investigate infant feeding practices through the first year of life in Latvia, and to compare feeding practices with nutritional guidelines in Latvia and other European countries. Methods: We analysed cross-sectional study data from food frequency questionnaires with additional questions on breastfeeding and complementary feeding introduction. A total of 266 infants from all Latvian regions from birth to 1-year-old were included in the study. Breastfeeding rates were assessed by month of age. Complementary feeding was assessed using three age groups (0–3.9 months, 4–6.9 months, and 7–12.9 months), whereas two groups were used to assess food frequency and portion sizes (0–5.9 months and 6–12.9 months). Results: The breastfeeding rate during the first month of life was 89%. At 6 months, 68% of infants received breast milk, but by 12 months, only 45% still received breast milk. Complementary foods were introduced at a mean age of 5 months (standard deviation = 1). Before 4 months of age, 9% of infants were receiving complementary food, the majority (85%) between 4 and 6 months of age. There were 6% of infants who were introduced to complementary foods after 7 months of age. First complementary food choices were mainly porridge (64%), vegetables (21%), and fruits (10%). After 6 months of age, foods from almost all food groups were present in each infant diet at least once per day, such as vegetables (85%), potatoes (85%), fruits (81%), dairy (78%), and meat (73%), less than once per day—grains (88%), fats (73%), cow’s milk (66%), eggs (45%), fish (36%), and legumes (28%). Conclusion: Breastfeeding rate during first months of life is high in Latvia. Breastfeeding was sustained at the age of 6 months, in the highest rate among Baltic countries. However, only 45% continued breastfeeding at the age of 12 months, in accordance with WHO recommendations. A guideline on complementary feeding is followed by the majority of parents. There are deviations from guidelines in inclusion of some foods in the diet and frequency of consumption.

scholarly journals Growth and development of very-low-birth-weiGht infants in first year of life

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Galina a. alyamovskaya ◽  
◽  
ElEna s. kEshishian ◽  
ElEna s. sakharova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
First Year ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
First Year Of Life

scholarly journals The Description of Growth and Development Under Two Years Children Who Have a Working Mother or Not Working

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-309
Author(s):  
Qurrotu Ainii
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Working Mothers ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
First Year ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Working Mother ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
The Village

In a child’s life there are two processes that continue operating in growth and development,this process takes place interdependency which depend on each other.Experts say infant is a goldenperiod, especially the age of 0-2 years old to reach 80% of the brain development. Lack affection ofmother-first year of life have a negative impact on the upbringing of children. The purpose of this studywas to determine the picture of the development-growing children under 2 years old who have workingmothers or not working at the Village Bendogerit Sananwetan District of Blitar. Method :This study wasa descriptive study. The samples were taken with quota sampling technique using pre-screening questionnaireinstrument development and anthropometric assessment. Result : From the research, thegrowth of children under 2 years old with the mother does not work 100% had appropriate growth andgrowth of children under 2 years old 93.75% of working mothers have the appropriate growth. Whilethe development of the child under 2 years old with the mother does not work 93.75% had appropriategrowth and development of children under 2 years old 87.5% of working mothers have the appropriatedevelopment. Discussion: Thus, the conclusion drawn growing up baduta in Village Bendogerit ,Sananwetan District of Blitar with the mother did not work better than the development of the childbaduta with working mothers. In accordance with the conclusions that had been raised, researchersgave suggestions to further research to better focus on the factors that affect growth and development inthe mother works, as well as advice for the child’s mother always bring KMS and always filled byofficers.

scholarly journals Dynamic Colonization of Gut Microbiota and Its Influencing Factors Among The Breast-Feeding Infants During The First Two Year of Life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Li ◽  
Xuelian Chang ◽  
Xiaoyu Chen ◽  
Tiantian Tang ◽  
Yajing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Healthy Mother ◽  
Rrna Sequencing ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Gut Microbial Community

Abstract Background Maturation of the infant gut microbiota has lifelong implications on health, which has been proposed as the major events during the first year of life. However, little was known about dynamic colonization of the gut microbiota and its influencing elements among the two-year infancy as well as into the adulthood. Results Based on the 16S rRNA sequencing data in the V3-V4 regions among 30 healthy mother-infant pairs with the normal range of the growth and development index from birth to two years old, the diversity of the gut microbiota was significantly increased from Six-month to Two-year subgroups. Furthermore, the dynamic colonization of gut microbiota was that the significant trends of Firmicutes (Faecalibacterium, Blautia, Enterococcus, Subdoligranulum, Agathobacter, Unidentified_Erysipelotrichaceae, Staphylococcus, Acinetobacillus, Unidentified_ Ruminococcaceae and Fusicatenibacter), Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia were increased, while Actinobacteria (Bifidobacterium) and Proteobacteria (Enterobacteriaceae and Klebsiella) were decreased with the increased age at the phylum and genus levels. These above results revealed that certain bacteria might modulate the host pathways, such as Chemoheterotrophy, Fermentation, Parasites_or _symbionts, Nitrate_reduction and Aerobic_chemoheterotrophy metabolism. Moreover, there were significant associations between maternal (gut microbiota in the milk, Pre-pregnancy BMI-M.BMI, BMI gain during the pregnancy-I.BMI) and infant characteristics (BMI at birth-B.BMI and increment of BMI-G.BMI), and the compositions of gut microbiota in the faeces, but not differences were shown between the different sex and mode of productive subgroups. Conclusion Overall, the gut microbial community was significantly matured into adulthood with the increased age subgroups. It also identified that there were significant correlations between the features of gut microbiota and maternal (gut microbiota in the milk, M.BMI and I.BMI) and infant characteristics (B.BMI and G.BMI), which will provide a new direction for the host-gut microbiota interplay during the two years of life.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF LATE FODDER CROPS ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF YELLOW SWEET CLOVER

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Константин Григорьев ◽  
Konstantin Grigor'ev ◽  
Алексей Балыкин ◽  
Aleksey Balykin ◽  
Леонид Шашкаров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sweet Clover ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Second Year ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Sowing Period

The article deals with the influence of integumentary cultures on the growth and development of the sweet clover. Among the late cover prosoid cultures, corn, Sudan grass and millet are the most suitable for sweet clover, which develop very slowly in the spring and very early free the sweet clover from shading. But when sowing the yellow sweet clover under these later cultures, the sowing period is delayed and there is a danger of drying the soil. Acceleration of growth processes in coverslips was more intense, than in yellow sweet clover and to hay harvest all coverslips significantly exceeded the yellow sweet clover plants. The millet plants were 98 cm, Sudan grass was 153 cm and maize was 180 cm up to harvesting time for all the years of our research. However, in arid conditions of 2014, and with a strong clogging the corn height was 124 cm, which is significantly inferior to Sudan’s grass of 145 cm. The type and the sowing norm of the cover crop and especially the weather conditions had a significant effect on the linear growth of the sweet clover plants of the first year of life. Influence of the sowing norms of millet, Sudan grass and corn on the height of the sweet clover plants of the second year of life was poorly manifested, but the tendency to increase in the height of plants with a decrease in the norm of sowing cover crops by 25% was noticeable.

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