Uses of the Past in Adult Psychological Health

1981 ◽  
pp. 153-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
HARVEY PESKIN ◽  
NORMAN LIVSON
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
The Past

scholarly journals The Science of Ageism: Two Steps Forward, One Step Back

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 646-646
Author(s):  
Jerin Lee ◽  
Natalie Shook
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Growing Pains ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
One Step ◽  
Prejudicial Attitudes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The past two decades have been marked by a rapidly aging population in the U.S. (U.S. Census Bureau, 2018), making prejudicial attitudes toward older adults (i.e., ageism) and the impact of such attitudes more relevant. As such, ageism researchers have worked tirelessly to not only understand this normalized and insidious form of bias, but also develop efforts to combat it. This symposium will feature four ageism researchers who will showcase both the growing pains and novel contributions of ageism research, ranging from the impact of ageism on psychological health to ageism interventions to issues related to the measurement of ageism. Specifically, Dr. Ayalon will present findings regarding difficulties with the assessment of exposure to ageism and the consequences of ageism for psychological well-being. Dr. Horhota will share research demonstrating challenges associated with confronting ageism. Dr. Levy will present a model showcasing factors associated with the reduction of ageism. Ms. Lee will discuss research findings examining the construct validity of several ageism measures. These talks highlight theoretical and real-world implications associated with the complex nature of ageism, providing important directions for enriching ageism research going forward.

scholarly journals The contribution of work and non-work stressors to common mental disorders in the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 829-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Clark ◽  
C. Pike ◽  
S. McManus ◽  
J. Harris ◽  
P. Bebbington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Workplace Stress ◽  
Housing Quality ◽  
Work Stressors ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Past

BackgroundEvidence for an effect of work stressors on common mental disorders (CMD) has increased over the past decade. However, studies have not considered whether the effects of work stressors on CMD remain after taking co-occurring non-work stressors into account.MethodData were from the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey, a national population survey of participants ⩾16 years living in private households in England. This paper analyses data from employed working age participants (N=3383: 1804 males; 1579 females). ICD-10 diagnoses for depressive episode, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, panic or mixed anxiety and depression in the past week were derived using a structured diagnostic interview. Questionnaires assessed self-reported work stressors and non-work stressors.ResultsThe effects of work stressors on CMD were not explained by co-existing non-work stressors. We found independent effects of work and non-work stressors on CMD. Job stress, whether conceptualized as job strain or effort–reward imbalance, together with lower levels of social support at work, recent stressful life events, domestic violence, caring responsibilities, lower levels of non-work social support, debt and poor housing quality were all independently associated with CMD. Social support at home and debt did not influence the effect of work stressors on CMD.ConclusionsNon-work stressors do not appear to make people more susceptible to work stressors; both contribute to CMD. Tackling workplace stress is likely to benefit employee psychological health even if the employee's home life is stressful but interventions incorporating non-work stressors may also be effective.

Have the Invisible Children Become Visible?

1993 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 678-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Vanharen ◽  
Catherine Laroche ◽  
Marsha Heyman ◽  
Albert Massabki ◽  
Lois Colle
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
The Past

Over the past 30 years much information has been collected on children whose parents suffer from psychiatric illness. Research has shown that many of these children are at high risk for significant psychopathology but there have been few investigations examining whether or not they are being identified and are receiving mental health care. The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate to what extent the children of psychiatrically ill adult patients are identified and referred to the mental health services. Results of structured interviews with the patients indicate that a considerable number had school-aged children and that in many instances no inquiry had been made concerning the children's psychological health. Although some of the children were reported to have received treatment, few had been referred by their parents’ psychiatrists. Recommendations to improve the identification and treatment of such children are outlined in this study.

scholarly journals A Review of the Science of Colorful, Plant-Based Food and Practical Strategies for “Eating the Rainbow”

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanna M. Minich
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Simplified Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
And Function

Over the past decades, thousands of published studies have amassed supporting recommendations to consume fruits and vegetables for physiological and psychological health. Newer research has emerged to suggest that these plant-based foods contain a plethora of not only vitamins and minerals, but perhaps, most importantly, phytonutrients. These phytonutrients have known pleiotropic effects on cellular structure and function, ultimately resulting in the modulation of protein kinases and subsequent epigenetic modification in a manner that leads to improved outcomes. Even though eating fruits and vegetables is a well-known feature of a healthy dietary pattern, population intakes continue to be below federal recommendations. To encourage consumers to include fruits and vegetables into their diet, an “eat by color” approach is proposed in this review. Although each individual food may have numerous effects based on its constituents, the goal of this simplified approach was to identify general patterns of benefits based on the preponderance of scientific data and known mechanisms of food-based constituents. It is suggested that such a consumer-oriented categorization of these plant-based foods may lead to greater recognition of their importance in the daily diet throughout the lifespan. Other adjunctive strategies to heighten awareness of fruits and vegetables are discussed.

scholarly journals Older Adults Living With Food Insecurity: The Impact on Psychological Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 378-378
Author(s):  
Robina Sandhu ◽  
Victoria Marshall ◽  
Carolyn Becker ◽  
Lisa Kilpela ◽  
Keesha Middlemass
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Weight Stigma ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Self Report ◽  
The Past ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Food insecurity (FI) refers to inadequate access to nutritious foods, either in terms of quality or quantity. In older adults, FI is associated with functional impairment, isolation, financial vulnerability, lower quality of life, and poorer health (e.g., diabetes, cardiovascular disease; Fernandes, et al). The effects of FI on psychological health broadly, however, have not been well-documented among older adults. This study sought to examine the impact of FI severity on psychological health indices among older adults. Older adult clients of local food pantries completed self-report measures of FI severity, worry, internalized weight stigma, trauma history, and eating disorder (ED) symptoms/behaviors. Participants (N=124, aged 66+) included: 68.5% women, 67.7% Hispanic, 75.8% □high school education, 51.0% household income < $10,000/year. Controlling for gender in all analyses, results indicated that FI severity predicted increased worry (p < .001, 21.9% variance), greater internalized weight stigma (p = .04, 3.9% variance), and a trend for increased risk for lifetime traumatic event exposure (OR = 1.4, 95% CI [.98, 2.01]). Regarding ED symptoms, male gender (OR = 6.60, 95% CI [1.96, 22.23] and higher FI severity predicted risk for self-induced vomiting in the past month (OR = 2.5, 95% CI [1.15, 5.36], risk for laxative/diuretic use for weight control (OR = 2.16, 95% CI [1.03, 4.52], and greater dietary restraint (p < .001, 16.1% variance). Male gender was associated with higher risk for binge eating in the past month (OR = 3.19, 95% CI [1.10, 9.24], while FI severity was not. Implications will be discussed.

Adolescent South African Ballet Dancers

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Montanari ◽  
E.A. Zietkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Ballet Dancers ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
The Past ◽  
Daily Training ◽  
Adolescent Dancers

This paper is an attempt to address the severe paucity in both South African and international literature concerning eating disordered behaviour in young ballet dancers. Allegations suggest that for decades a conspiratorial silence has been maintained in the dancing world around the eating disordered behaviours of performers. The only serious suggestions alluding to high levels of eating disordered behaviour among performers in South Africa have appeared anecdotally in the popular media. Previous international research has suggested that dancers could not possibly maintain their sylph-like physiques with the amount of energy expended in daily training and simultaneously adhere to healthy nutritional standards. In fact, some studies cite high levels of malnutrition amongst members of the dance community (Peterson, 1984). The current research study confirms these findings showing highly significant differences in the drive for thinness in dancers compared with normative adolescent samples. Results also indicate tendencies to interpersonal distrust which could explain why this sensitive behaviour has been so difficult to identify and treat in the past. More detailed statistical analyses show that this sample of adolescent dancers exhibit strong similarities with eating disordered individuals, both anorexic and bulimic. These results provide the evidence required by interested parties to intervene in the neglected nutrition and psychological health of dancers.

scholarly journals The prognosis and prevention measures for mental health in COVID-19 patients: through the experience of SARS

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Heng Mo ◽  
Zi Xuan Wang ◽  
Xiao Si Chen ◽  
Qunguang Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Organ System ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Psychosomatic Symptoms ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
Potential Impact

Abstract Due to the high pathogenicity and mortality, the COVID-19 disaster caused global panic and anxiety. At present, diagnosis and treatment are of great concern. As time progresses, however, the sequelae caused by many other organ system complications and treatments will become increasingly obvious, and psychosomatic symptoms are one of these changes with great potential impact. Studies have shown that symptoms like poor sleep quality, anxiety and even delirium are not uncommon in patients during isolation. By summarizing the follow-up study on mental and psychological health of SARS in the past 10 years, and combining the characteristics of the existing cases of COVID-19, we will provide suggestions for the prevention and treatment of psychological diseases in clinical practice.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of the health status of Swiss primary care physicians

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Sebo ◽  
Thierry Favrod-Coune ◽  
Liv Mahler ◽  
Amir Moussa ◽  
Christine Cohidon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past

AbstractThere is limited data on the general health of primary care physicians (PCPs). We aimed to assess the physical and psychological health of Swiss PCPs. We selected a random sample of 1000 PCPs in Western Switzerland. They were asked about their self-rated health status, all medical conditions experienced in the past five years, and the number of days they were hospitalized and off work in 2019. They were also asked whether they had their own general practitioner (GP) and seen a psychiatrist/psychologist in the past 12 months. A total of 503 PCPs were included in the study (women = 51%, GPs = 67%, pediatricians = 19%, gynecologists = 14%). Ninety-four percent considered themselves in good or very good health. In the past five years, PCPs suffered mostly from depression/anxiety (21%), burnout (21%), dyslipidemia (19%) and hypertension (17%). Male and older PCPs had more often cardiovascular disorders, younger PCPs and GPs had more often psychiatric disorders. They were 9% to have been hospitalized (15% for PCPs over 60) and 20% to have been off work (32% for PCPs under 45). Only 47% had their own GP (37% for GPs). They were 16% (mostly female and younger PCPs) to have consulted a psychiatrist/psychologist. In conclusion, although PCPs considered themselves to be in good health, a substantial proportion suffered from a medical condition, mainly psychiatric (depression or burnout) and/or cardiovascular disorders, or were recently hospitalized or off work. Only half had a GP for themselves. These results may be useful for implementing specific health strategies targeting PCPs.

Medicine's Melodies: Music, Health and Well-Being

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Daniel Joseph Levitin
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Broad Overview

Most of what we hear about the connection between music and health is largely anecdotal. The past decade has seen a renewed interest in the connections from researchers conducting rigorous experimental studies. In this broad overview, I will review the current state of knowledge, touching on music therapy for both physical and psychological health, music for the management of pain, and musical interventions for dementia patients.

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