Health and Disease Treatment in Captive and Reintroduced Whooping Cranes

: With the recognition of the important role of gut microbiota in both health and disease progression, attempts to modulate its composition as well as its co-metabolism with the organism have attracted special attention. Abundant studies have demonstrated that dysfunction or imbalance of gut microbiota is closely with disease including endocrine diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, tumors, cardiovascular diseases, et al. Herbal medicines have been applied for preventing and treating disease worldwide for hundreds of years. Although the underlying mechanism seems to be complex, one of the important one is through modulating gut microbiota. In this review, co-metabolism between herbal medicines and microbiota, as well as the potential pathways are summarized from most recent published papers.

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Impact of Probiotics in Human Health and Disease Treatment

Nutraceutical and Functional Foods in Disease Prevention - Advances in Human Services and Public Health ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-3267-5.ch002 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 35-67

Author(s):

Jagan Mohan Rao Tingirikari ◽

Muthu Vijaya Sarathy ◽

Ashok Kumar Karthigarani

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Human Health ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Microbial Population ◽

Symbiotic Association ◽

Disease Treatment ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

Health Promoting ◽

Health And Disease

Probiotics have become the major breakthrough in therapeutic applications due to their various health promoting effects in humans by maintaining the homeostasis of the intestine and prevent microbial imbalance (dysbiosis) without any side effects. Dysbiosis in the microbial population is the major cause for several diseases in humans. Treatment of diseases using antibiotics is not recommended due to high cost, side effects, and the loss of intestinal friendly bacteria. Probiotics work in symbiotic association with the intestine and produce several metabolites which not only regulate the growth of pathogenic bacteria but also provide vital nutrients which contribute to human health. The present chapter highlights about the role of probiotics in treatment and prevention of different human diseases.

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Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber L) As Immunostimulant and Its Effect on Lymphocyte Differentiation in Mice BALB/C

Biology Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry ◽

10.14421/biomedich.2015.42.49-51 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 49 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marmi Kelik

Keyword(s):

Cytotoxic T Cells ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Good Effect ◽

Disease Treatment ◽

Health And Disease ◽

Elephantopus Scaber ◽

Medicinal Properties ◽

One Way Anova ◽

Number Of Cells

<p>Tapak liman (<em>Elephantopus scaber </em>L) is one of the plants that have medicinal properties and has been used for maintenance and improvement of health and disease treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of extracts of Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber L) as immunostimulant to the development of lymphocytes in mice BALB / C. The procedure of this study was to test aqueous extracts in vivo with various treatments (control, treatment of 0.5 g / kg, 1.0 g/ kg, 2.0 g / kg) in healthy mice BALB / C for 2 weeks. After the treatment carried out analysis of the percentage and number of cells that express CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+ CD8 + in thymus organ, using flowcytometry. Analysis of data using one-way ANOVA followed Tukey's test with SPSS. From the analysis showed that the extract of Tapak liman at various doses showed no significant effect on the percentage expression of CD4 + CD8 + and CD4 + CD8 + in thymus organs. While the analysis of the number of cells, extracts of Tapak liman show its effect on the number of cells that express CD4+, CD8 + and CD4 + CD8 + in thymus organs. Concentration of 1.0g / kg of mice showed a good effect on the increase in T helper cells (CD4 +), cytotoxic T cells (CD8 +) and Prothymosit cells (CD4 + CD8 +).</p>

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Blood Relatives: Splicing Mechanisms underlying Erythropoiesis in Health and Disease

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.15442.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 1364 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kirsten A. Reimer ◽

Karla M. Neugebauer

Keyword(s):

Alternative Splicing ◽

Gene Editing ◽

Intron Retention ◽

Mrna Splicing ◽

Globin Mrna ◽

Disease Treatment ◽

Hematopoietic Stem ◽

Stem And Progenitor Cells ◽

Health And Disease

During erythropoiesis, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells transition to erythroblasts en route to terminal differentiation into enucleated red blood cells. Transcriptome-wide changes underlie distinct morphological and functional characteristics at each cell division during this process. Many studies of gene expression have historically been carried out in erythroblasts, and the biogenesis of β-globin mRNA—the most highly expressed transcript in erythroblasts—was the focus of many seminal studies on the mechanisms of pre-mRNA splicing. We now understand that pre-mRNA splicing plays an important role in shaping the transcriptome of developing erythroblasts. Recent advances have provided insight into the role of alternative splicing and intron retention as important regulatory mechanisms of erythropoiesis. However, dysregulation of splicing during erythropoiesis is also a cause of several hematological diseases, including β-thalassemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. With a growing understanding of the role that splicing plays in these diseases, we are well poised to develop gene-editing treatments. In this review, we focus on changes in the developing erythroblast transcriptome caused by alternative splicing, the molecular basis of splicing-related blood diseases, and therapeutic advances in disease treatment using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing.

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Drug Induced Changes in Cell Organelles

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100100299 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 110-111

Author(s):

Sarah A. Luse

Keyword(s):

Clinical Medicine ◽

Cell Organelles ◽

Riboflavin Deficiency ◽

Drug Induced ◽

New Era ◽

Health And Disease ◽

In The Beginning ◽

Cellular Pathology ◽

Induced Changes ◽

The Impact

In the mid-nineteenth century Virchow revolutionized pathology by introduction of the concept of “cellular pathology”. Today, a century later, this term has increasing significance in health and disease. We now are in the beginning of a new era in pathology, one which might well be termed “organelle pathology” or “subcellular pathology”. The impact of lysosomal diseases on clinical medicine exemplifies this role of pathology of organelles in elucidation of disease today.Another aspect of cell organelles of prime importance is their pathologic alteration by drugs, toxins, hormones and malnutrition. The sensitivity of cell organelles to minute alterations in their environment offers an accurate evaluation of the site of action of drugs in the study of both function and toxicity. Examples of mitochondrial lesions include the effect of DDD on the adrenal cortex, riboflavin deficiency on liver cells, elevated blood ammonia on the neuron and some 8-aminoquinolines on myocardium.

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The Laryngeal Epithelium in Reflux

Perspectives on Voice and Voice Disorders ◽

10.1044/vvd21.3.112 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 112-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elizabeth Erickson-Levendoski ◽

Mahalakshmi Sivasankar

Keyword(s):

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽

Critical Role ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Laryngeal Disease ◽

Health And Disease ◽

And Function ◽

The Impact

The epithelium plays a critical role in the maintenance of laryngeal health. This is evident in that laryngeal disease may result when the integrity of the epithelium is compromised by insults such as laryngopharyngeal reflux. In this article, we will review the structure and function of the laryngeal epithelium and summarize the impact of laryngopharyngeal reflux on the epithelium. Research investigating the ramifications of reflux on the epithelium has improved our understanding of laryngeal disease associated with laryngopharyngeal reflux. It further highlights the need for continued research on the laryngeal epithelium in health and disease.

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