Role of autophagy in building and maintaining the skeletal system

2022 ◽  
pp. 335-345
Author(s):  
Olivier Camuzard ◽  
Marie-Charlotte Trojani ◽  
Georges F. Carle ◽  
Valérie Pierrefite-Carle
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal System

scholarly journals Advances in the role of miRNAs in the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma

Open Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1003-1011
Author(s):  
Guanyu Zhang ◽  
Yiran Li ◽  
Jiasheng Xu ◽  
Zhenfang Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Target Gene ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
New Research ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant tumor of the skeletal system in the clinic. It mainly occurs in adolescent patients and the pathogenesis of the disease is very complicated. The distant metastasis may occur in the early stage, and the prognosis is poor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs of about 18–25 nt in length that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of genes. miRNAs can regulate target gene expression by promoting the degradation of target mRNAs or inhibiting the translation process, thereby the proliferation of OS cells can be inhibited and the apoptosis can be promoted; in this way, miRNAs can affect the metabolism of OS cells and can also participate in the occurrence, invasion, metastasis, and recurrence of OS. Some miRNAs have already been found to be closely related to the prognosis of patients with OS. Unlike other reviews, this review summarizes the miRNA molecules closely related to the development, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of OS in recent years. The expression and influence of miRNA molecule on OS were discussed in detail, and the related research progress was summarized to provide a new research direction for early diagnosis and treatment of OS.

Role of different Juices in the Management of Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Backache - A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dheeraj Kumar Tyagi ◽  
Shivakumar . ◽  
Nirmala Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Chemical Constituent ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Living Body ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Diet Regimen ◽  
Skeletal Disorders ◽  
Important System

Skeletal system is a very important system of living body. If any malformation occurs it leads to severe problems which are highly intolerable by an individual. Some of the diseases comes under this are osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, backache, etc. Management of such diseases is now based on diagnosis, but still it is complicated to treat and associated causes are difficult to find out in many cases. Mainly diet plays a major and important role in prevention of skeletal disorders, under diet regimen different combination of fruit and vegetable juices plays a vital role in management of diseases. Modification in combination of juices and knowledge of their chemical constituent helps in management of skeletal disorder. Due to deficiency of mineral, vitamin or other necessary component is find out, we can use the natural supplement in the form of juices which are rich in minerals, vitamins and get easily digest and minimize the risk of the disease and provide soothing results. Juices of spinach, broccoli, apple, parsley, cherry, blueberry, ginger root, carrot, lettuce, kale, turnip, etc. plays an important role in management of different types of skeletal disorders. By proper knowledge of chemical constituent of fruits and vegetable we may minimize the risk of diseases associated with skeletal system and helps the sufferer up to a better extent.

Role of the fibroblast growth factor 19 in the skeletal system

Life Sciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 118804
Author(s):  
Hao Chen ◽  
Jiazhou Li ◽  
Demao Zhang ◽  
Xuedong Zhou ◽  
Jing Xie
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 19

The role of selective angiographic embolization of the musculo-skeletal system in haemophilia

Haemophilia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 864-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. RODRIGUEZ-MERCHAN ◽  
V. JIMENEZ-YUSTE
Keyword(s):  
Angiographic Embolization ◽  
Skeletal System

scholarly journals Physiologic and Pathologic role of RANKL : beyond the skeletal system

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Sakae Tanaka ◽  
Tomoki Nakashima
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal System

scholarly journals Interleukin-17A Interweaves the Skeletal and Immune Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjia Tang ◽  
Lingyun Lu ◽  
Xijie Yu
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Interleukin 17A ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Skeletal Homeostasis ◽  
Axial Spondylarthritis

The complex crosstalk between the immune and the skeletal systems plays an indispensable role in the maintenance of skeletal homeostasis. Various cytokines are involved, including interleukin (IL)-17A. A variety of immune and inflammatory cells produces IL-17A, especially Th17 cells, a subtype of CD4+ T cells. IL-17A orchestrates diverse inflammatory and immune processes. IL-17A induces direct and indirect effects on osteoclasts. The dual role of IL-17A on osteoclasts partly depends on its concentrations and interactions with other factors. Interestingly, IL-17A exerts a dual role in osteoblasts in vitro. IL-17A is a bone-destroying cytokine in numerous immune-mediated bone diseases including postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and axial spondylarthritis (axSpA). This review will summarize and discuss the pathophysiological roles of IL-17A on the skeletal system and its potential strategies for application in immune-mediated bone diseases.

scholarly journals The role of calcium and vitamin D medications in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Lutsenko ◽  
Liudmila Y. Rozhinskaya ◽  
Natalia V. Toroptsova ◽  
Zhanna E. Belaya
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Dosage Frequency

This article considers the role of calcium and vitamin D in body functions, with focus on skeletal system. We reviewed the results of studies on calcium and vitamin D supplementation worldwide and in Russia. According to these studies, there is insufficient dietary intake of these nutrients, irrespective of geographical, ethnic features and physiological conditions. We also reviewed the data on safety of calcium supplementations for urinary and cardiovascular systems, regimens and doses for vitamin D deficiency treatment in various age groups. The article also contains data on calcium, vitamin D and combined medications, available in Russia, for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, with highlight on combined ones for better compliance and more convenient dosage frequency.

Acrylamide Induced Toxicity and the Propensity of Phytochemicals in Amelioration: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinomol George Kunnel ◽  
Sunitha Subramanya ◽  
Pankaj Satapathy ◽  
Ishtapran Sahoo ◽  
Farhan Zameer
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunctions ◽  
Acrylamide Formation ◽  
Mechanism Of Toxicity ◽  
Fried Foods

Acrylamide is widely found in baked and fried foods, produced in large amount in industries and is a prime component in toxicity. This review highlights various toxicities that are induced due to acrylamide, its proposed mode of action including oxidative stress cascades and ameliorative mechanisms using phytochemicals. Acrylamide formation, the mechanism of toxicity and the studies on the role of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunctions are elaborated in this paper. The various types of toxicities caused by Acrylamide and the modulation studies using phytochemicals that are carried out on various type of toxicity like neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, immune system, and skeletal system, as well as embryos have been explored. Lacunae of studies include the need to explore methods for reducing the formation of acrylamide in food while cooking and also better modulators for alleviating the toxicity and associated dysfunctions along with identifying its molecular mechanisms.

scholarly journals Possible Role of Vitamin D in Celiac Disease Onset

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgia Vici ◽  
Dalia Camilletti ◽  
Valeria Polzonetti
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Gluten Protein ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
System Maintenance

Beside skeletal system maintenance and protection, possible extra-calcium roles of vitamin D have been recently described. In particular, studies have investigated possible roles of vitamin D as a key modulator of inflammation and immune mechanisms and of the intestinal mucosa barrier. In this regard, vitamin D has been considered as a factor that affects different conditions such as immune-mediated diseases. The new emerging role of vitamin D and its involvement in immune modulation has led it to be considered as a possible key factor involved in celiac disease (CD) onset. CD is a chronic immune-mediated enteropathy of the small intestine that is triggered by dietary gluten protein exposure in individuals who are genetically predisposed. However, along with gluten, other environmental factors are also involved in CD onset. The renewed interest in a molecule that offers great possibilities for new roles has led to an increase in studies, although there remains a lack of studies aimed at contextualizing the role of vitamin D on CD. This review aims to define the possible role of vitamin D in CD onset as it is presently understood, taking into account potential links among vitamin D, the immune system and CD.

scholarly journals Diversity of Vascular Niches in Bones and Joints During Homeostasis, Ageing, and Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen Kumar ◽  
Pepijn Saraber ◽  
Zhangfan Ding ◽  
Anjali P. Kusumbe
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cell ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Cell Production ◽  
Functionally Diverse ◽  
Bone Vasculature

The bones and joints in the skeletal system are composed of diverse cell types, including vascular niches, bone cells, connective tissue cells and mineral deposits and regulate whole-body homeostasis. The capacity of maintaining strength and generation of blood lineages lies within the skeletal system. Bone harbours blood and immune cells and their progenitors, and vascular cells provide several immune cell type niches. Blood vessels in bone are phenotypically and functionally diverse, with distinct capillary subtypes exhibiting striking changes with age. The bone vasculature has a special impact on osteogenesis and haematopoiesis, and dysregulation of the vasculature is associated with diverse blood and bone diseases. Ageing is associated with perturbed haematopoiesis, loss of osteogenesis, increased adipogenesis and diminished immune response and immune cell production. Endothelial and perivascular cells impact immune cell production and play a crucial role during inflammation. Here, we discuss normal and maladapted vascular niches in bone during development, homeostasis, ageing and bone diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Further, we discuss the role of vascular niches during bone malignancy.

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