Application of plant-based natural coagulants in water treatment

2022 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Arunkumar Patchaiyappan ◽  
Suja Purushothaman Devipriya
2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1235-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunita Singh Thakur ◽  
Shakti Nair ◽  
Alka Tiwari

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moa Megersa ◽  
Abebe Beyene ◽  
Argaw Ambelu ◽  
Ludwig Triest

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (supplement) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nargis Nisar ◽  
Bhupendra Koul ◽  
Bhupendra Koul

Coagulants play a vital role in treatment of raw water for both human and animal consumption. Aluminium sulphate is the most common and effective chemical coagulant for water treatment. However, chemical coagulants are costineffective, toxic, are not eco-friendly and may also cause severe health issues like cancers and neurologic disorders including Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, natural and greener methods of water purification are crucial for safe and effective water treatment. Therefore, alternative natural and greener method of water purification is required. Seeds of Vicia faba, Cicer arientinum, Jatropha curcas, Vigna unguiculata, Zea mays, Vigna mungo etc. have also been used in water purification regimes. Moringa oleifera seeds contain anti-microbial properties and cationic water-soluble proteins (polyelectrolytes) which possess active coagulative properties that can remove the turbidity and heavy metals like Cu, Pb, Cr, Zn, etc from raw water, thus can treat impure water efficiently. Therefore, natural coagulants are preferred over chemical coagulants as they are feasible to use, affordable, eco-friendly and less toxic. This review provides explicit information on efficiency and use of M. oleifera seeds in water treatment and their relative comparison with that of routine chemical coagulants. Thus, further collaborative research (industry and academia) on the alternative greener techniques of water purification are still required to gain sustainability in water purification regimes in developing countries.


Author(s):  
Maiara Luzia Grigoli OLIVIO ◽  
Elizângela Flávia Jacob ESTEVES ◽  
Dagmar Aparecida de Marco FERRO

Comumente o sulfato de alumínio é o coagulante químico utilizado nas Estações de Tratamentos para a clarificação da água, embora produza um lodo tóxico de difícil deposição no ambiente. No entanto, os coagulantes naturais como sementes de Moringa oleífera Lam. têm demonstrado vantagens para tratamento em comparação aos químicos, pela simplicidade de uso e baixo custo. O estudo objetivou analisar a eficiência coagulante da semente de Moringa oleífera na clarificação de água com turbidez e comparar com os parâmetros do coagulante químico sulfato de alumínio. As amostras de água foram coletadas no Córrego Jacu Queimado e as sementes colhidas em um plantio da própria espécie. Foram realizados, em laboratório, etapas sequenciais do experimento: comparação da eficiência da semente verde e seca, determinação da concentração e tempo de exposição da semente à água, comparação de agitação manual e magnética entre elas e do coagulante biológico com o químico, sendo analisados os aspectos físico, químico e biológico antes e após a adição de ambos. Observou-se que apenas a semente seca realiza a clarificação da água em comparação com os resultados das análises da água clarificada com o sulfato, determinando-se que 5 sementes são eficazes para tratar 1 litro de água com turbidez de até 25,0 NTU, considerando-se mais relevante a agitação manual para o efeito de coagulação e o aguardo de 2 horas para o término da decantação. Conclui-se, que a semente de Moringa é um coagulante biológico que se apresenta como alternativa para o tratamento de água com turbidez, porém, ainda não é indicada para a potabilidade. É preciso dar continuidade ao tratamento em busca de processos que visam melhorar a qualidade da água para aproximar-se aos parâmetros aceitáveis para o consumo humano.   Moringa oleífera Lam SEEDS: EFFICIENT USE OF BIOLOGICAL COAGULANT FOR WATER TURBIDITY TREATMENT, COMPARED TO ALUMINUM SULFATE CHEMICAL COAGULANT   ABSTRACT Aluminum sulfate is a chemical coagulant commonly used at Water Treatment Plants for water clarification, although it produces a toxic sludge of difficult deposition in the environment. However, natural coagulants such as Moringa oleíferaLam seeds have evidenced the advantages for the treatment when compared to chemicals, due to either their simplicity in and low cost.  This research aims at reviewing the efficient use of   Moringa oleífera seeds as coagulants for turbid water clarification as well as comparing the parameters of aluminum sulfate chemical coagulants. The water samples were collected at Córrego Jacu Queimado and the seeds were harvested from a crop of its own species. Sequential steps were performed in the lab for this experiment: Comparison of green and dry seeds efficiency, concentration and time of exposition of the seed to water measurements, comparison of manual and magnetic stirring among them and among biological and chemical coagulants, being analyzed physical, chemical and biological aspects before and after adding both of them. It was observed that only the dry seed enables water clarification when comparing the analysis results to sulfate water clarification, it was ascertained that 5 seeds are efficient to treat a liter of 25,0 NTU turbidity in water, considering as more relevant manual stirring for coagulation effect after a two-hour rest for decantation completion. It was concluded that Moringa seed is a biological coagulant presented as an alternative for turbid water treatment, although it is not indicated for drinkability. Further treatment is necessary in order to keep searching for processes that target to improve the quality of water and meeting acceptable parameters for water consumption.   Keywords: Biological Coagulant. Chemical Coagulant. Efficiency. Water Clarification. Comparative Parameters.


Waterlines ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutherland ◽  
Folkard ◽  
Grant

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-54
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Karnena ◽  
Vara Saritha

Background: Purification and remediation of water remain to be a mammoth challenge for environmental engineers, continuously mounting pressure on providing safe water for consumers. Nevertheless, care has to be taken to avoid chemicals in treatment, which could prove to be toxic. One of the most prominent stages in treating water for human consumption is clarification through coagulation and flocculation to remove colloidal particles including silt, clay, precipitated iron or manganese oxides along with bacteria and algae. Objective: In order to achieve sustainability, the only possible way is to use innate materials in combination with inherent technologies. Considering this, the present review will appraise the efficiency of natural coagulants in treating surface water. Several researchers have tested numerous natural coagulants for clarification of water. Nevertheless, information on various natural coagulants and their efficiency has not yet been presented. Methods: Hence, an attempt is made to bring about a comprehensive account of various natural coagulants and also to understand their properties and efficiencies in treating water. Results: Cumulative information regarding natural coagulants presented in this review will add to the database of natural coagulants and can be adopted at various temporal and spatial levels according to the availability of these coagulants to treat water. Nevertheless, precise research on coagulation parameters and shelf life of treated water will enhance the opportunities for point of use water treatment technologies. Conclusion: The current review presents natural coagulants having the potential to treat surface water as sustainable alternatives to point of use treatment.


Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Karnena ◽  
Saritha Vara

: Many studies reported the application of natural coagulants in removing pollutants with the help of the coagulation process, and coagulants showed their efficiency in comparison to the literature available. Yet, the utilization or acceptance of these coagulants in treating industrial wastewater is very low. Thus, there is a need for a strategy for enhancing the potential usage of coagulants for water treatment, presenting prevailing options and efforts for the development of coagulants. The utilization of coagulants can be improved by showing their efficiency in comparison to the advanced treatment technologies available in the present scenario. The coagulation efficiency with natural coagulants can be enhanced by mongrelizing the coagulants with other coagulants, enhancing the purity during extraction procedures, and by coalescence of coagulants. However, the research on natural coagulants are quite encouraging, perception of sustainable assessment studies revealed that commercialization/acceptance of coagulants for treatment options are hindered by their applicability and feasibility in real-time applications, and utilization of coagulants ignore the socioeconomic, ecological and technical aspects. The present review mainly focuses on the issues related to natural coagulants for clarifying the uncertainties and simultaneously moving the water industries to be more sustainable.


2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ghebremichael

A number of natural coagulants from plants or animal origin can be effectively used for the treatment of drinking water. Some are used at household levels in traditional systems using crude (non-purified) extract. In the crude extract form, natural coagulants release organic and nutrient loads to the water resulting in poor treated water quality. In such cases it becomes necessary to purify the coagulant component from the crude extract before using it for water treatment. This paper discusses an effective and simple purification of the coagulant from Moringa oleifera seed using an ion exchange method that would overcome the drawbacks of natural coagulants. The impact of the purification process on reducing organic and nutrient release was studied. Adsorption and elution parameters of the ion exchange process were optimised. The study indicated that the purified protein has effective coagulation activity and it did not release organic and nutrient loads to the water. Compared to other purification methods used in previous studies, this is simple and of comparatively lower cost. This purification method can be readily scaled up and applied even in remote parts of developing countries. This work suggests that the concerns of natural coagulants can be overcome by simple purification and this is believed to promote their use in drinking water treatment.


2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (35) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Feria D�az Jhon Jairo ◽  
Wilches Fernando Jove ◽  
Hernandez �vila Rodrigo ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atefeh Kaji ◽  
Masoud Taheriyoun ◽  
Amir Taebi ◽  
Mohammad Nazari-Sharabian

Abstract This study aims to assess the efficiency of two natural-based coagulants, namely calcium lactate and tannic acid, and compare them with conventional coagulants, including polyaluminium chloride (PACl) and ferric chloride. Jar test experiments were performed on the raw inlet water of the Isfahan water treatment plant (IWTP) in Iran. Response surface methodology was implemented to design and optimize the experiments. The factors considered in the design were coagulant dose, pH, initial turbidity, and temperature. Results showed the acceptable efficiency of natural coagulants in turbidity reduction, so that they meet the potable standard levels. The final water turbidity in the optimum condition for calcium lactate, tannic acid, PACl, and ferric chloride were 0.58, 0.63, 0.56, and 0.76 NTU, respectively. The comparison between the performances of the coagulants showed no significant difference in turbidity removal. However, the sludge volume produced as well as the impact on pH alteration after coagulation–flocculation were lower when using natural coagulants than with conventional coagulants. Also, the residual aluminum for PACl measured was higher than the desired limit according to Iran's drinking water standard. Finally, the simple additive weighting method was used to rank the four coagulants based on the selected criteria. The results showed that the natural coagulants could be preferable to the conventional coagulants if the concerns regarding disinfection by-product formation due to their residual organics were resolved. Since this issue was fixed in the IWTP due to the ozonation process, calcium lactate was proposed as an efficient alternative to PACl.


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