Technological Options for Cost-Effective and Eco-Friendly Power Generation for Development of Remote and Rural Areas in India

This article systematizes the legal framework, forms, and volumes of support for agriculture from the federal budget of Russia and the regional budget (on the example of the Tyumen Region). The authors have performed a detailed analysis of the directions of such support for 2016-2019. The historical, economic and social features of the relationship between the state and agriculture are shown. State support for agriculture is objectively necessary, and competent budget planning makes it possible to develop. However, the dominance of direct forms of spending support does not stimulate cost-effective and innovative activities, which in the future can bring the industry to a competitive level. There is very little and irregular support for social forms, the development of farming and other forms of private farming in rural areas. The authors conclude that the policy of state support is sufficiently provided by legislative acts, resolutions and state programs. Many programs are updated, and new versions are adopted even before the previous ones expire. Such strong volatility hurts strategic projects and agricultural initiatives. Less expensive forms of activity-mediation and trade turn profitable. Living conditions in the villages significantly stay behind in quality and opportunities, which leads to the human capital leaving rural areas. The authors propose to pay more attention to the development of indirect forms of support, to stimulate economic activity and small businesses.

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Assessment of Energy Transition Policy in Taiwan—A View of Sustainable Development Perspectives

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14154402 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (15) ◽

pp. 4402

Author(s):

Chun-Kai Wang ◽

Chien-Ming Lee ◽

Yue-Rong Hong ◽

Kan Cheng

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Power Generation ◽

Sustainable Development ◽

Energy Transition ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Adaptive Policy ◽

Electricity Saving ◽

Transition Policy ◽

Development Perspective

Energy transition has become a priority for adaptive policy and measures taken in response to climate change around the world. This is an opportunity and a challenge for the Taiwan government to establish a climate-resilient power generation mixed to ensure electricity security as well as climate change mitigation. This study adopted a sustainable development perspective and applied optimal control theory to establish a cost-effective model to evaluate a long-term (2050), climate-resilient power generation mix for Taiwan. Furthermore, this study applies the STIRPAT approach to predict the demand of electricity by 2050 for the demand side management. The results not only showed the share of various power generation mixed, but also recommended the trajectory of electricity saving by 2050.

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A Pioneering Tactic for Sustainable Waste Management: Design of a Cost-Effective Recycling Machine

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201817203003 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 172 ◽

pp. 03003

Author(s):

A. Agarwal

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Rural Areas ◽

General Public ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Force Analysis ◽

Mechanical Advantage ◽

Vital Importance ◽

Project Study ◽

Original Size ◽

Assembly Operations

In this paper we discussed the new design, fabrication and testing of a mechanical can crusher taking into deliberation the force analysis and ergonomic factors that will enable people to use this mechanical can crusher especially in Botswana rural areas. The process of crushing cans is of vital importance as it saves a percentage of space for can disposal and also makes it easier for these cans to be transported to recycling centers or landfill areas. The methods and processes used to bring this project to life include welding, cutting, bending, drilling and assembly operations. This project study is mainly about generating a new concept of a mechanical can crusher that is compact to transport from one location to another and makes can crushing easy and fascinating to the general public so as to promote people buy into crushing in Sub-Sahara market. Even though there are numerous sorts of the mechanical would crusher be able to as of now in presence, this model provides a more practical usage than previous one with the desired mechanical advantage of 10, machinability to crush the entire cans to 25% of their original size and 100% efficiency for the entire rounds.

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Building asset monitoring and prognostics systems using cost effective technologies for power generation applications

2013 IEEE Conference on Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) ◽

10.1109/icphm.2013.6621446 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Preston Johnson

Keyword(s):

Power Generation ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Asset Monitoring

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A community-based approach to evaluation of health outcomes and costs for telepsychiatry in a rural population: Preliminary results

Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare ◽

10.1258/1357633001934492 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 6 (1_suppl) ◽

pp. 155-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Craig Kennedy ◽

Peter Yellowlees

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Pilot Trial ◽

Public Mental Health ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Community Based ◽

Public And Private ◽

Preliminary Results ◽

The People

A pilot trial was established to support visiting psychiatric services and local public and private practitioners through the use of videoconferencing. The purpose of the trial was to determine whether people in the community received better health-care with telemedicine. A community-based approach was used to evaluate health outcomes, costs, utilization, accessibility, quality and needs for such services in a rural community in Queensland. Over a two-year period data were collected from 124 subjects who met the criteria of having a mental health problem or mental disorder. Nine further subjects refused to participate in the study. Only 32 subjects used videoconferencing to receive mental health services. Preliminary results did not show any significant improvements in wellbeing or quality of life, although the time span was relatively short. However, the results confirmed that the people were no worse off from a consumer or a practitioner perspective from using videoconferencing. Most consumers found that videoconferencing with a psychiatrist moderately or greatly helped them in managing their treatment, with 98% of them preferring to be offered videoconferencing in combination with local services. Overall, videoconferencing is a crucial part of enhancing psychiatry services in rural areas. However, it is not necessarily cost-effective for all consumers, general practitioners, psychiatrists, or the public mental health service.

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Lime-Stabilized Black Cotton Soil and Brick Powder Mixture as Subbase Material

Advances in Civil Engineering ◽

10.1155/2018/5834685 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

S. Srikanth Reddy ◽

A. C. S. V. Prasad ◽

N. Vamsi Krishna

Keyword(s):

Powder Mixture ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Flexible Pavements ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Local Area ◽

Black Cotton Soil ◽

Brick Kilns ◽

Brick Powder ◽

Swelling Characteristics ◽

Shrinkage And Swelling

Various researchers, for the past few decades, had tried to stabilize black cotton soil using lime for improving its shrinkage and swelling characteristics. But these days, the cost of lime has increased resulting in increase in need for alternative and cost effective waste materials such as fly ash and rice husk ash. Brick powder, one among the alternative materials, is a fine powdered waste that contains higher proportions of silica and is found near brick kilns in rural areas. The objective of the study is to investigate the use of lime-stabilized black cotton soil and brick powder mixture as subbase material in flexible pavements. Black cotton soil procured from the local area, tested for suitability as subbase material, turned out to be unsuitable as it resulted in very less CBR value. Even lime stabilization of black cotton soil under study has not showed up the required CBR value specified for the subbase material of flexible pavement by MORTH. Hence the lime-stabilized black cotton soil is proportioned with brick powder to obtain optimum mixture that yields a better CBR value. The mixture of 20% brick powder and 80% lime-stabilized black cotton soil under study resulted in increase in the CBR value by about 135% in comparison with lime-stabilized black cotton soil. Thus it is promising to use the mixture of brick powder and lime-stabilized black cotton soil as subbase material in flexible pavements.

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Experimental Study on a Double-Swirled Non-Premixed Humid Air/Syngas Burner

Volume 1A: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions ◽

10.1115/gt2013-94635 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Bing Ge ◽

Shu-sheng Zang ◽

Yinsheng Tian ◽

Dong-fang Zhang ◽

Yao-xin Cui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Power Generation ◽

Nozzle Exit ◽

Concentration Field ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Combined Cycle ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Main Reaction ◽

Oh Radicals ◽

Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽

Coal Fuel

The development of integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) systems provides cost-effective and environmentally sound options for meeting future coal-utilizing power generation needs in the world. The combustion of gasified coal fuel significantly influences overall performance of IGCC power generation. Experimental measurements are carried out on a non-premixed model combustor, equipped with a double-swirled syngas burner. Planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) of OH radical measurement is adopted to identify main reaction zones and burnt gas regions as well. Together with the temperature and emission measurements during the exhaust section, some important characteristics of the syngas flame are investigated overall. In this paper, the effects of the CO/H2 molar ratio consisting of syngas fuel are investigated under different humidity. With the increase of CO/H2 ratios, the concentration field of OH radicals is gradually away from the nozzle exit, and the nozzle exit almost no existence of OH radicals, forming a typical lifted flame. In addition, fluorescent signal strength of OH radicals pronounced weakening, the flame gradually appeared W type distribution and more and more obvious with the increased of humidification amount. At the same time the average exhaust temperature of combustor CO and NOx missions almost no change. The study can provide a reliable database for high moisture gas turbine combustor design and combustion numerical simulation.

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Prediction of Wave Power Generation Using a Convolutional Neural Network with Multiple Inputs

Energies ◽

10.3390/en11082097 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 2097 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chenhua Ni ◽

Xiandong Ma

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Power Generation ◽

Convolutional Neural Network ◽

Wave Height ◽

Regression Models ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Wave Power ◽

Marine Energy ◽

Artificial Network ◽

And Storage

Successful development of a marine wave energy converter (WEC) relies strongly on the development of the power generation device, which needs to be efficient and cost-effective. An innovative multi-input approach based on the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is investigated to predict the power generation of a WEC system using a double-buoy oscillating body device (OBD). The results from the experimental data show that the proposed multi-input CNN performs much better at predicting results compared with the conventional artificial network and regression models. Through the power generation analysis of this double-buoy OBD, it shows that the power output has a positive correlation with the wave height when it is higher than 0.2 m, which becomes even stronger if the wave height is higher than 0.6 m. Furthermore, the proposed approach associated with the CNN algorithm in this study can potentially detect the changes that could be due to presence of anomalies and therefore be used for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of marine energy converters. The results are also able to facilitate controlling of the electricity balance among energy conversion, wave power produced and storage.

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Estimation of Building Heights and DEM Accuracy Assessment Using ICESat-2 Data Products

Engineering Proceedings ◽

10.3390/ecsa-8-11442 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Goddu Pavan Sai Goud ◽

Ashutosh Bhardwaj

Keyword(s):

Spatial Data ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Accuracy Assessment ◽

Urban Expansion ◽

Population Expansion ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Absolute Error ◽

Google Earth ◽

Surface Geometry

The use of remote sensing for urban monitoring is a very reliable and cost-effective method for studying urban expansion in horizontal and vertical dimensions. The advantage of multi-temporal spatial data and high data accuracy is useful in mapping urban vertical aspects like the compactness of urban areas, population expansion, and urban surface geometry. This study makes use of the ‘Ice, cloud, and land elevation satellite-2′ (ICESat-2) ATL 03 photon data for building height estimation using a sample of 30 buildings in three experimental sites. A comparison of computed heights with the heights of the respective buildings from google image and google earth pro was done to assess the accuracy and the result of 2.04 m RMSE was obtained. Another popularly used method by planners and policymakers to map the vertical dimension of urban terrain is the Digital Elevation Model (DEM). An assessment of the openly available DEM products—TanDEM-X and Cartosat-1 has been done over Urban and Rural areas. TanDEM-X is a German earth observation satellite that uses InSAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry) technique to acquire DEM while Cartosat-1 is an optical stereo acquisition satellite launched by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) that uses photogrammetric techniques for DEM acquisition. Both the DEMs have been compared with ICESat-2 (ATL-08) Elevation data as the reference and the accuracy has been evaluated using Mean error (ME), Mean absolute error (MAE) and Root mean square error (RMSE). In the case of Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC), RMSE values 5.29 m and 7.48 m were noted for TanDEM-X 90 and CartoDEM V3 R1 respectively. While the second site of Bellampalli Mandal rural area observed 5.15 and 5.48 RMSE values for the same respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that TanDEM-X has better accuracy as compared to the CartoDEM V3 R1.

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Testing a community-based distribution approach to reproductive health service delivery in Senegal (a study of community agents in Kébémer)

10.31899/rh17.1010 ◽

2004 ◽

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Reproductive Health ◽

Service Delivery ◽

Social Action ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Health Service Delivery ◽

Reproductive Health Services ◽

Community Based ◽

Integrated Cost

The Division of Reproductive Health (DSR) of the Senegal Ministry of Health and Social Action, in partnership with the Population Council’s FRONTIERS in Reproductive Health program and Management Sciences for Health (MSH), conducted a study to test and compare three ways of providing reproductive health services to rural communities in the Kébémer district of Senegal in terms of their effectiveness, cost, and cost-effectiveness. FRONTIERS and MSH collaborated with the DSR to design the interventions, MSH supported the DSR in implementing the interventions, and FRONTIERS undertook the evaluation. This study, funded by USAID, responded to the recommendations of a 1999 workshop, organized by FRONTIERS and the DSR, on the community-based distribution (CBD) approach, which defined alternative CBD models appropriate for Senegal. The DSR sees the development of community-based service delivery models as essential for the future of health care in Senegal. As noted in this report, the general objective of the study was to contribute to the development of an integrated cost-effective program to increase the accessibility and availability of reproductive health information and services in rural areas of Senegal.

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