scholarly journals The tolerance of the human body to automobile collision impact – a systematic review of injury biomechanics research, 1990–2009

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason L. Forman ◽  
Francisco J. Lopez-Valdes ◽  
Sonia Duprey ◽  
Dipan Bose ◽  
Eduardo del Pozo de Dios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Injury Biomechanics

scholarly journals Detection of Exposure to Microplastics in Humans: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (F) ◽  
pp. 275-280
Author(s):  
Sarinah Basri K ◽  
Anwar Daud ◽  
Ratna Dwi Puji Astuti ◽  
Basri K
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Scalp Hair ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Facial Skin ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Online Library ◽  
Polymer Type

BACKGROUND: Microplastics are able to enter the human body through food chains, personal care products, contact (skin) from the soil, water or inhalation of microplastics in the air. AIM: This article aims to identify the presence of microplastics that are exposed to humans. METHODS: Systematic review using four bibliographic databases (Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library, PubMed, and Science Direct). Literature search from 2016 to 2021, in the search found as many as 10983 papers extracted using PRISMA guidelines, a total of five papers were selected for review. RESULTS: In this review article, the presence of oral, dermal, and inhalation exposed microplastics is found in feces, colon, placenta, scalp hair, hand skin, facial skin, and saliva. Several methods are used to identify microplastics according to polymer types, shape, and sizes microplastics in humans. The polymer type often found in the article is polypropylene. In addition, fibers, fragments and films are detectable shape of microplastic, while the size of microplastics >5 mm. CONCLUSION: This literature study provides evidence that microplastics of various types of polymers, shapes and sizes are ubiquitous in humans. Hence, the possibility of health risks resulting from microplastic exposure in the human body should not be ignored.

scholarly journals Effects of genetic variability on running performance in professional runners

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-5
Author(s):  
Aatik Arsh ◽  
Haider Darain ◽  
Abdulhameed Al-kitani
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Aquaporin 1 ◽  
Ace Gene

Introduction: With the recent advancement in the field of genetics, researchers and general public are interested to know the effects of genetic variability on human body. A variety of studies can be found literature regarding the genetic variabilities on human body, however, there is a scarcity of data regarding systematic review on the topic. This review was conducted in order to systematically review the available literature on the effects of genetic variability on running performance in professional runners. Material & Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. The literature search was performed in different databases using the terms genes OR genetic (variation, variability, polymorphism) OR genomics AND running (performance, status, success) OR elite runners OR competitive running. Research articles published in English language from inception of medical literature to August 2019 that reported the effects of genetic variability on running performance were included. Those studies were excluded which reported association of gene mutations with genetic disorders. Reviews, commentaries, letter to editors and conference papers were excluded. Results: Out of total 8 included studies, 5 were case control and 3 were cohort studies. Six articles showed association between genetic variability and running performance while 2 reported no association between genetic variability and running performance in professional runners. Three studies investigated 'I' and 'D' allele of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene, out of which two studies found association between 'D' allele of 'ACE' gene and running performance. Besides ACE, the included studies reported association between running performance and 'C' allele of aquaporin 1, Pro582 C allele of rs11549465 & 'A' allele of rs17099207 of HIF1A gene, bradykinin receptor B2, adrenergic receptor beta 2 & adenosine monophosphate deaminase 1 and Titin gene. Conclusion: Genes such as 'ACE', 'HIF1A', aquaporin '1' and Titin may be associated with running performance in professional runners, however, there is limited evidence regarding it as only few articles have been published on this topic. Majority of the published articles are case control studies which clearly indicate a demand for conducting high quality research in this area.

scholarly journals The impact of the position of the head on the functioning of the human body: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 559-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Szczygieł ◽  
Natalia Fudacz ◽  
Joanna Golec ◽  
Edward Golec
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Human Body ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Biomechanics of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Conder ◽  
Reza Zamani ◽  
Mohammad Akrami
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Spinal Curvature ◽  
Gait Velocity ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Step Width ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Meta Analyses

During pregnancy, a number of biomechanical and hormonal changes occur that can alter spinal curvature, balance, and gait patterns by affecting key areas of the human body. This can greatly impact quality of life (QOL) by increasing back pain and the risk of falls. These effects are likely to be the ultimate result of a number of hormonal and biomechanical changes that occur during pregnancy. Research Question and Methodology: Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, this systematic review sets out to analyse all available literature relating to the biomechanics factors caused by pregnancy and assess how this might reduce QOL. Fifty papers were deemed eligible for inclusion in this review based on the PUBMED and SCOPUS databases. Results: Angles of lordosis and kyphosis of the spine are significantly increased by pregnancy, but not consistently across all studies. Back pain is significantly increased in pregnant women, although this is not significantly correlated with spinal changes. Increased movements of centre of pressure (COP) and increased stability indexes indicate postural control is reduced in pregnancy. Trunk range of motion, hip flexion, and extension are reduced, as well as decreased stride length, decreased gait velocity, and increased step width; again, not consistently. It is likely that each woman adopts unique techniques to minimise the effects, for example increasing step width to improve balance. Further research should focus on how altered limb kinematics during gait might affect QOL by influencing the human body, as well as assessing parameters in all planes to develop a wider understanding of pregnant biomechanical alterations.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Exoskeletons towards a General Categorization Model Proposal

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Javier A. de la Tejera ◽  
Rogelio Bustamante-Bello ◽  
Ricardo A. Ramirez-Mendoza ◽  
Javier Izquierdo-Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Human Body ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The Subject ◽  
General Perspective ◽  
Categorization Model

Exoskeletons are an essential part of humankind’s future. The first records regarding the subject were published several decades ago, and the field has been expanding ever since. Their developments will be imperative for humans in the coming decades due to our constant pursuit of physical enhancement, and the physical constraints the human body has. The principal purpose of this article is to formalize research in the field of exoskeletons and introduce the field to more researchers in hopes of expanding research in the area. Exoskeletons can assist and/or aid in the rehabilitation of a person. Recovery exoskeletons are mostly used in medical and research areas; performance exoskeletons can be used in any area. This systematic review explains the precedents of the exoskeletons and gives a general perspective on their general present-day use, and provides a general categorization model with a brief description of each category. Finally, this paper provides a discussion of the state-of-the-art, and the current control techniques used in exoskeletons.

scholarly journals Human Body-Related Disease Diagnosis Systems Using CMOS Image Sensors: A Systematic Review

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2098
Author(s):  
Suparshya Babu Sukhavasi ◽  
Susrutha Babu Sukhavasi ◽  
Khaled Elleithy ◽  
Shakour Abuzneid ◽  
Abdelrahman Elleithy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Image Sensor ◽  
Image Sensors ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Cmos Image Sensors ◽  
Control And Prevention

According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the average human life expectancy is 78.8 years. Specifically, 3.2 million deaths are reported yearly due to heart disease, cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, and COVID-19. Diagnosing the disease is mandatory in the current way of living to avoid unfortunate deaths and maintain average life expectancy. CMOS image sensor (CIS) became a prominent technology in assisting the monitoring and clinical diagnosis devices to treat diseases in the medical domain. To address the significance of CMOS image ‘sensors’ usage in disease diagnosis systems, this paper focuses on the CIS incorporated disease diagnosis systems related to vital organs of the human body like the heart, lungs, brain, eyes, intestines, bones, skin, blood, and bacteria cells causing diseases. This literature survey’s main objective is to evaluate the ‘systems’ capabilities and highlight the most potent ones with advantages, disadvantages, and accuracy, that are used in disease diagnosis. This systematic review used PRISMA workflow for study selection methodology, and the parameter-based evaluation is performed on disease diagnosis systems related to the human body’s organs. The corresponding CIS models used in systems are mapped organ-wise, and the data collected over the last decade are tabulated.

scholarly journals On the whereabouts of SARS-CoV-2 in the human body: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e1009037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Trypsteen ◽  
Jolien Van Cleemput ◽  
Willem van Snippenberg ◽  
Sarah Gerlo ◽  
Linos Vandekerckhove
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Current View ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Body Map ◽  
Viral Components ◽  
Cell Expression ◽  
Entry Receptor

Since SARS-CoV-2 appeared in the human population, the scientific community has scrambled to gather as much information as possible to find good strategies for the containment and treatment of this pandemic virus. Here, we performed a systematic review of the current (pre)published SARS-CoV-2 literature with a focus on the evidence concerning SARS-CoV-2 distribution in human tissues and viral shedding in body fluids. In addition, this evidence is aligned with published ACE2 entry-receptor (single cell) expression data across the human body to construct a viral distribution and ACE2 receptor body map. We highlight the broad organotropism of SARS-CoV-2, as many studies identified viral components (RNA, proteins) in multiple organs, including the pharynx, trachea, lungs, blood, heart, vessels, intestines, brain, male genitals and kidneys. This also implicates the presence of viral components in various body fluids such as mucus, saliva, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, semen and breast milk. The main SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor, ACE2, is expressed at different levels in multiple tissues throughout the human body, but its expression levels do not always correspond with SARS-CoV-2 detection, indicating that there is a complex interplay between virus and host. Together, these data shed new light on the current view of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and lay the foundation for better diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document