scholarly journals 393P Risk factors for colorectal cancer complicated with synchronous advanced adenomas

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. S535
Author(s):  
D. He ◽  
M-Y. Lv ◽  
Z. Chen ◽  
Z. Chi ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Advanced Adenomas

scholarly journals Yield and Efficiency of FIT Tests Alone vs. In Combination with Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer Screening

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasu Sheel ◽  
Leslie Azzis ◽  
Racehl Hinrichs ◽  
Thomas Imperiale
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
Immunochemical Test ◽  
Advanced Adenomas

Background: Although colonoscopy (CY) may be considered the best screening test for colorectal cancer (CRC), annual fecal immunochemical test (FIT), which quantifies fecal hemoglobin is a viable alternative. Countries and healthcare systems using FIT-based screening may need to prioritize which FIT positive persons requires CY sooner (e.g. within the same fiscal year). We conducted a systematic review of published literature to understand how the yield/positive predictive value (PPV) of FIT could be improved.   Study Design: We performed a search of electronic databases for articles published between 2015 and June 2020. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were independently screened. Included studies fulfilled predetermined criteria and had descriptive and quantitative data extracted. We identified studies comparing the yield of FIT for advanced colorectal neoplasia ([AN], CRC plus advanced adenomas) among FIT positive persons to the yield of AN when FIT is combined with risk factors (age, sex, BMI, etc.). Data were extracted to find yield and efficiency of FIT alone vs FIT plus risk factors among FIT positive persons.   Results: From 623 titles reviewed, 4 studies met inclusion criteria. The objective of the studies was to increase the yield of AN or CRC in FIT positive patients. The number needed to scope (NNS) among FIT positives to detect AN significantly decreased for each study when looking at high risk groups as yield/PPV increased. The yield with FIT alone ranged from 24% to 46% and the NNS from 2.2 to 4.1. With risk factors, yield and NNS among those at high risk were 33.2 % to 75.6% and from 1.3 to 3.0, respectively.  Conclusion and Potential Impact: This systematic review quantifies how risk factors improve the yield for AN in FIT positive persons, which is information required for countries and health care settings with limited resources that need to direct CY resources to FIT positive patients at high risk for AN.  

Colon cancer: risk factors and screening

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Mark Natanson
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Dysplastic Lesion ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Colon Cancer Risk ◽  
Neoplastic Process ◽  
Rectal Cancers

Colon and rectal cancers are usually combined under the same term "colorectal cancer". It should be noted that the lesion of the colon is much more common. Colorectal cancer ranks fourth in the overall structure of oncological pathology in terms of prevalence, and in some countries even comes third after lung and stomach cancer. Risk factors that contribute to the development of colorectal cancer include bowel polyps, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, and a genetic predisposition. Most often, neoplastic transformation occurs at the site of an adenoma or dysplastic lesion of the intestinal mucosa. Due to the high risk of neoplastic process in a sufficiently large number of elderly people, it is recommended that every person over the age of 50 should undergo compulsory screening to detect latent cancer. The simplest, but at the same time insufficiently informative method is a blood culture test - analysis for the presence of blood in the feces. Method of total colonoscopy and double-contrast radiography is distinguished by a higher information content, but at the same time a higher cost. It is recommended to have these examinations every three to five years after the age of 50 years without clinical manifestations, and after the age of 40 for those at risk for colorectal cancer.

Patients’ Awareness Of The Prevention And Treatment Of Colorectal Cancer*

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Dziki ◽  
Anna Puła ◽  
Konrad Stawiski ◽  
Barbara Mudza ◽  
Marcin Włodarczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Case Record ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Medical University

Abstractwas to assess patients’ awareness of the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.Patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer, hospitalised at the Department of General and Colorectal Surgery of the Medical University in Łódź during the period from January 2015 to April 2015, were asked to complete a questionnaire concerning their families’ medical case record, factors predisposing them to the development of colorectal cancer, the tests applied in diagnostics, and the treatment process. The questionnaire comprised 42 closed-ended questions with one correct answer. A statistical analysis of all answers was carried out.The study group consisted of 30 men and 20 women aged 27–94 years old. A strong, statistically significant negative correlation between a patient’s age and his/her awareness of the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer was noted (p<0.001; r= −0.51). The study demonstrated a statistically significant relationship between the occurrence of neoplasms in a patient’s family (p=0.009) or, more specifically, the occurrence of colorectal cancer (p=0.008), and the awareness of the prevention programme. The women’s group was characterised by statistically significantly greater awareness of colonoscopy as a screening examination (p=0.004).Patients need more information on colorectal cancer, its risk factors, prevention, the treatment process, and postoperative care. Lack of awareness of the colorectal cancer issue can be one of the major factors contributing to the high incidence of this disease.

Prediction of 10-year and lifetime risk of cancer in individual patients with established cardiovascular disease, results from UCC-SMART and CANTOS

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.C Van 't Klooster ◽  
P.M Ridker ◽  
N.R Cook ◽  
J.G.J.V Aerts ◽  
J Westerink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Total Cancer ◽  
The Cantos ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Abstract Background As treatment for cardiovascular disease (CVD) has improved substantially over the last decades, more patients survive acute CVD manifestations and are at risk for developing cancer as well as recurrent CVD. Due to similar risk factors, including smoking and obesity, patients with established CVD are at higher risk for cancer. Objectives The aim of this study was to develop and externally validate prediction models for the estimation of 10-year and lifetime risk for total, colorectal, and lung cancer in patients with established CVD. Methods Data from patients with established CVD from the UCC-SMART prospective cohort study (N=7,280) were used for model development, and data from the CANTOS trial (N=9,322) were used for model validation. Predictors were selected based on previously published cancer risk prediction models or cancer risk factors, easy clinical availability, and availability in the derivation dataset (UCC-SMART cohort). A Fine and Gray competing risk-adjusted lifetime model was developed for total, colorectal, and lung cancer. Results Selected predictors were age, sex, smoking status, weight, height, alcohol use, antiplatelet use, diabetes mellitus, and C-reactive protein. External calibration for 4-year risks of the total cancer, colorectal cancer, and lung cancer models was good (Figure 1), and C-statistics were 0.63–0.74 in the CANTOS trial population. Median predicted lifetime risks in CANTOS were 26% (range 1%-52%) for total cancer, 4% (range 0%-13%) for colorectal cancer, and 5% (range 0%-37%) for lung cancer. Conclusions Lifetime and 10-year risk of cancer can be estimated with easy to measure variables in patients with established CVD, showing a wide distribution of predicted lifetime risks for total cancer and lung cancer. Using these lifetime models in clinical practice could increase understanding of cancer risk and aid in emphasizing healthy lifestyle changes. Figure 1. Calibration plots of cancer models Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): University Medical Center; Additional funding: CANTOS trial was funded by Novartis Pharmaceuticals.

scholarly journals Nomogram based on homogeneous and heterogeneous associated factors for predicting distant metastases in patients with colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianwen Luo ◽  
Yutong Wang ◽  
Xuefeng Shan ◽  
Ye Bai ◽  
Chun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Good Prediction Performance ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background The identification of the homogeneous and heterogeneous risk factors for different types of metastases in colorectal cancer (CRC) may shed light on the aetiology and help individualize prophylactic treatment. The present study characterized the incidence differences and identified the homogeneous and heterogeneous risk factors associated with distant metastases in CRC. Methods CRC patients registered in the SEER database between 2010 and 2016 were included in this study. Logistic regression was used to analyse homogeneous and heterogeneous risk factors for the occurrence of different types of metastases. Nomograms were constructed to predict the risk for developing metastases, and the performance was quantitatively assessed using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve and calibration curve. Results A total of 204,595 eligible CRC patients were included in our study, and 17.07% of them had distant metastases. The overall incidences of liver metastases, lung metastases, bone metastases, and brain metastases were 15.34%, 5.22%, 1.26%, and 0.29%, respectively. The incidence of distant metastases differed by age, gender, and the original CRC sites. Poorly differentiated grade, more lymphatic metastasis, higher carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and different metastatic organs were all positively associated with four patterns of metastases. In contrast, age, sex, race, insurance status, position, and T stage were heterogeneously associated with metastases. The calibration and ROC curves exhibited good performance for predicting distant metastases. Conclusions The incidence of distant metastases in CRC exhibited distinct differences, and the patients had homogeneous and heterogeneous associated risk factors. Although limited risk factors were included in the present study, the established nomogram showed good prediction performance.

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