Mobility in Individuals with Cerebral Palsy: What is the Impact on Anthropometric Weight and Quantitative Body Composition Measures?

Abstract Background Effective inclusion in society for young people with disabilities is increasingly seen as generating opportunities for self-development, and improving well-being. However, significant barriers remain in the vast majority of activities meaningful for young adults. Research argues that various personal (disabilities, health) and environmental (access to the resources needed, accessible environment, discrimination, lack of personal economic independence) factors contribute to limited participation. However, previous studies conducted in young people with cerebral palsy (CP) mainly investigated the transition period to adulthood, and did not fully consider the whole range of impairment severity profiles or environmental barriers. In this study, we will use the follow-up of the SPARCLE cohort and a comparison group from the general population (1) to investigate the impact of the environment on participation and quality of life of young adults with CP, (2) to determine predictors of a successful young adulthood in educational, professional, health and social fields, (3) to compare quality of life and frequency of participation in social, work and recreational activities with the general population, (4) to document on participation and quality of life in those with severe disabilities. Methods The SPARCLE3 study has a combined longitudinal and cross-sectional design. Young adults with CP aged 22 to 27 years in 6 European regions previously enrolled in the SPARCLE cohort or newly recruited will be invited to self-complete a comprehensive set of questionnaires exploring participation (daily life and discretionary activities), health-related quality of life, body function, personal factors (health, personal resources), and contextual factors (availability of needed environmental items, family environment, services provision) during home visits supervised by trained researchers. Proxy-reports or adapted questionnaires will be used for those with the most severe impairments. The recruitment of a large group from the general population (online survey) will enable to identify life areas where the discrepancies between young people with CP and their able-bodied peers are the most significant. Discussion This study will help identify to what extent disabilities and barriers in environment negatively affect participation and quality of life, and how previous valued experiences during childhood or adolescence might modulate these effects.

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Analysis of the Impact of a Multi-Strain Probiotic on Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Long-Distance Runners

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12123758 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 3758

Author(s):

Joanna Smarkusz-Zarzecka ◽

Lucyna Ostrowska ◽

Joanna Leszczyńska ◽

Karolina Orywal ◽

Urszula Cwalina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

The Body ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Distance Runners ◽

Long Distance ◽

Double Blind ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Total Body ◽

The Impact

Use of probiotic supplements, the benefits of which have not been proven in sportspeople, is becoming more widespread among runners. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a multi-strain probiotic on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and inflammation in the body. The randomised, double-blind study included 66 long-distance runners. The intervention factor was a multi-strain probiotic or placebo. At the initial and final stages of the study, evaluation of body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness was performed and the presence of inflammation determined. In the group of men using the probiotic, an increase in lean body mass (p = 0.019) and skeletal muscle mass (p = 0.022) was demonstrated, while in the group of women taking the probiotic, a decrease in the content of total body fat (p = 0.600) and visceral fat (p = 0.247) was observed. Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) increased in women (p = 0.140) and men (p = 0.017) using the probiotic. Concentration of tumour necrosis factor-alpha decreased in women (p = 0.003) and men (p = 0.001) using the probiotic and in women (p = 0.074) and men (p = 0.016) using the placebo. Probiotic therapy had a positive effect on selected parameters of body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness of study participants and showed a tendency to reduce inflammation.

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Relation between body composition and severe diarrhea in patients treated with preoperative chemoradiation with capecitabine for rectal cancer: a single-centre cohort study

BMC Gastroenterology ◽

10.1186/s12876-021-01886-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

J. M. van Rees ◽

W. Hartman ◽

J. J. M. E. Nuyttens ◽

E. Oomen-de Hoop ◽

J. L. A. van Vugt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Rectal Cancer ◽

Body Composition ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Preoperative Chemoradiation ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Single Centre ◽

Severe Diarrhea ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Chemoradiation with capecitabine followed by surgery is standard care for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Severe diarrhea is considered a dose-limiting toxicity of adding capecitabine to radiation therapy. The aim of this study was to describe the risk factors and the impact of body composition on severe diarrhea in patients with LARC during preoperative chemoradiation with capecitabine. Methods A single centre retrospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary referral centre. All patients treated with preoperative chemoradiation with capecitabine for LARC from 2009 to 2015 were included. Patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer who received chemoradiation for the first time were included as well. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for severe diarrhea. Results A total of 746 patients were included. Median age was 64 years (interquartile range 57–71) and 477 patients (64%) were male. All patients received a radiation dosage of 25 × 2 Gy during a period of five weeks with either concomitant capecitabine administered on radiation days or continuously during radiotherapy. In this cohort 70 patients (9%) developed severe diarrhea. In multivariable logistic regression analyses female sex (OR: 4.42, 95% CI 2.54–7.91) and age ≥ 65 (OR: 3.25, 95% CI 1.85–5.87) were the only risk factors for severe diarrhea. Conclusions Female patients and patients aged sixty-five or older had an increased risk of developing severe diarrhea during preoperative chemoradiation therapy with capecitabine. No relation was found between body composition and severe diarrhea.

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A pilot study of the impact of the electro suit Mollii® on body functions, activity and participation in children with Cerebral Palsy

Assistive Technology ◽

10.1080/10400435.2020.1837288 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Camilla Flodström ◽

Sari-Anne wiklund Axelsson ◽

Birgitta Nordström

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽

The Impact

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Walking with my robot: results of a randomized crossover trial evaluating the impact of robotic-assisted gait training on the walking-related gross motor skills and goal accomplishment of children with cerebral palsy

Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology ◽

10.1111/dmcn.118_13511 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 59 ◽

pp. 77-77

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Crossover Trial ◽

Gait Training ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Gross Motor Skills ◽

Robotic Assisted ◽

Randomized Crossover Trial ◽

Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽

The Impact

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The impact of being overweight on the mobility, temporal-spatial and kinematic aspects of gait in children with cerebral palsy

Obesity Research & Clinical Practice ◽

10.1016/j.orcp.2021.01.005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 138-144

Author(s):

Anita J. Mudge ◽

Sinu Thilak ◽

Elizabeth A. Wojciechowski ◽

Joshua Burns ◽

Simon P. Paget

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽

The Impact

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Body Composition Changes in Gastric Cancer Patients during Preoperative FLOT Therapy: Preliminary Results of an Italian Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13030960 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 960

Author(s):

Emanuele Rinninella ◽

Antonia Strippoli ◽

Marco Cintoni ◽

Pauline Raoul ◽

Raffaella Vivolo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Body Composition ◽

Tumor Regression ◽

Evaluation Criteria ◽

Tumor Regression Grade ◽

Skeletal Muscle Index ◽

Before And After ◽

Gastric Cancer Patients ◽

The Impact ◽

Composition Changes

Background: The impact of the new chemotherapy, fluorouracil plus leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel (FLOT) on body composition in gastric cancer (GC) patients remains unknown. We assessed body composition changes of GC patients receiving the FLOT regimen and their impact on treatment outcomes. Methods: Preoperative pre- and post-FLOT computed tomography (CT) scans of advanced GC patients were studied. Lumbar skeletal muscle index (SMI) and adipose indices were calculated before and after FLOT. Results: A total of 26 patients were identified between April 2019 and January 2020. Nineteen patients were sarcopenic at diagnosis. The mean BMI decreased (from 24.4 ± 3.7 to 22.6 ± 3.1; p < 0.0001) as well as the SMI (from 48.74 ± 9.76 to 46.52 ± 9.98; p = 0.009) and visceral adipose index (VAI) (from 49.04 ± 31.06 to 41.99 ± 23.91; p = 0.004) during preoperative FLOT therapy. BMI, SMI, and VAI variations were not associated with toxicity, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), response, delay and completion of perioperative FLOT chemotherapy, and the execution of gastrectomy; a decrease of SMI ≥ 5% was associated with a higher Mandard tumor regression grade (p = 0.01). Conclusions: Almost three-quarters (73.1%) of GC patients were sarcopenic at diagnosis. Preoperative FLOT was associated with a further reduction in SMI, BMI, and VAI. These changes were not associated with short-term outcomes.

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