The application of fresh and composted horse and chicken manure affects soil quality, microbial composition and antibiotic resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julen Urra ◽  
Itziar Alkorta ◽  
Anders Lanzén ◽  
Iker Mijangos ◽  
Carlos Garbisu
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Microbial Composition

scholarly journals Growing Food with Garbage: Effects of Six Waste Amendments on Soil and Vegetable Crops

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 896-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Long ◽  
Rebecca N. Brown ◽  
José A. Amador
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Plant Nutrients ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Yard Waste

Using organic wastes as agricultural amendments is a productive alternative to disposal in landfills, providing nutrients for plant growth and carbon to build soil organic matter. Despite these benefits, a large fraction of organic waste is sent to landfills. Obstacles to the adoption of wastes as sources of plant nutrients include questions about harmful effects to crops or soils and the wastes’ ability to produce satisfactory yields. We compared six organic waste amendments with a mineral fertilizer control (CN) to determine effects on soil quality, soil fertility, crop quality, and crop yield in 2013 and 2014. Waste amendments were applied at a rate sufficient to supply 10,000 kg organic C/ha over two seasons, and mineral fertilizer was applied to control plots to provide 112 kg-N/ha/yr. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with four replicates and three crops: sweet corn (Zea mays L. cv. Applause, Brocade, and Montauk), butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne cv. JWS 6823), and potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Eva). Amendment with biosolids/yard waste cocompost (BS), dehydrated restaurant food waste (FW), gelatin manufacturing waste (GW), multisource compost (MS), paper fiber/chicken manure blend (PF), and yard waste compost (YW) did not have a negative impact on soil moisture, bulk density, electrical conductivity (EC), or the concentration of heavy metals in soil or plant tissue. Our results indicate potential uses for waste amendments including significantly raising soil pH (MS) and increasing soil organic matter [OM (YW and BS)]. The carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C:N) of waste amendments was not a reliable predictor of soil inorganic N levels, and only some wastes increased potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMN) levels relative to the control. Plots amended with BS, FW, and GW produced yields of sweet corn, butternut squash, and potatoes comparable with the control, whereas plots amended with YW, PF, and MS produced lower yields of sweet corn, squash, or both, although yields for potatoes were comparable with the control. In addition, the marketability of potatoes from PF plots was significantly better than that of the control in 2014. None of the wastes evaluated in this study had negative impacts on soil properties, some provided benefits to soil quality, and all produced comparable yields for at least one crop. Our results suggest that all six wastes have potential to be used as sources of plant nutrients.

GREEN CABBAGE (BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS) GROWTH SEEDLINGS BY OPTIMIZING OF CHICKEN MANURE CONCENTRATION IN SOIL MIXTURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 09-12
Author(s):  
Nurul Maghfiroh ◽  
Arif Billah ◽  
Khusna Widhyahrini
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Height Measurement ◽  
Soil Mixture ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Soil Mix ◽  
Better Than

Purpose of the study: Green cabbage (Brassica campestris) is a kind of vegetable with good quality in nutrient and economical for people.  It could be planted in a small area seems like in home around.  Chicken manure was the fertilizer that could get from the farming area.  The productivity of Green cabbage through with nutrient in soil quality.  Fertilizer was one of alternative could be done for plant nutrient by simply using to against deficiency growth.  The purpose of this research is to optimize chicken manure using as fertilizer.  Optimizing was done by mixture in water solvent. Methodology: Experiment was done by quantitative research in height plant analysis.  The soil was taken from Joyo Imran Street Cabean region in Salatiga city that had 27°C degrees in daily average.  Planting was done in plastic bag consisted of chicken manure concentrations in soil at 0% (w/w); 20% (w/w); 30% (w/w); 40% (w/w); and 50% (w/w) mixture.  Height measurement was done on the 10th day after planting. Main Findings: The optimum yield was obtained on 40% (w/w) mixed variation of chicken manure.  It had a high increase in growing seedlings. Applications of this study: One of various fertilizers is creating chicken manure farmer using fertilizer in 40 % (w/w) mixture from chicken manure because this kind of fertilizer was better than other and had an economical. Novelty/Originality of this study: The fertilizing system had lacked in over, especially for decreasing soil quality and plant growth.  Therefore, optimization of used fertilizer in the soil mixture needs to be done to see the effect.  In this research optimization of the used (de Jonge et al., 2018) fertilizer in soil mix was carried out. The optimization is done to the variation of concentration of amount fertilizer to the soil in the mixture.  The analysis of the growth of green cabbage was carried out from measurements height of plant that grew with 10 days.

scholarly journals The effect of doxycycline on the microbial composition of chicken manure

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
L. V. Shevchenko ◽  
◽  
Yu. V. Dobrozhan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Therapeutic Concentration ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

The use of antibiotics during treatment of infectious diseases of chickens causes the release of their residues with manure and entry into the environment, which creates a risk of antibiotic resistance pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms and violates the microbiocenosis of the digestive system of chickens. The purpose of research was to determine the effect of doxycycline as one of the most common antibiotics used in poultry on the microbial composition of chicken manure. Ingestion of doxycycline solution to the laying hens in therapeutic doses for 7 days caused a decrease of the number of gram-negative rodshaped bacteria, which include most strains of E. coli, by 43.5 %. The use of an aqueous solution of doxycycline to laying hens at therapeutic concentrations caused a 5.2-fold decrease of the number of Citrobacter colonies and a 4.4-fold decrease in Proteus mirabilis colonies in the laying hens manure, indicating a certain sensitivity of these microorganisms to doxycycline. Doxycycline at therapeutic concentrations did not affect to the number of microorganisms of the enterobacteria family: Klebsiella, Enterobacter and E. Faecalis, which were not sensitive to doxycycline. The effect of doxycycline in therapeutic concentration on the number of Staphylococcus in the chickens manure, including the opportunistic S. epidermidis, and the pathogenic species S. aureus, has not been established either. After stopping the use of doxycycline in the therapeutic concentration to the chickens of industrial herd on day 10, it was found that the number of E. coli bacteria in the manure was restored almost to the level of the control group. Microorganisms belonging to the genus Klebsiella, their numbers in the chickens manure 10 days after cessation of use of doxycycline in therapeutic concentration, recovered 4 times slower than the control.

scholarly journals Soil and crop microbiome under soil amendment with poultry manure compost

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia B. Naumova ◽  
Helen N. Ruchko ◽  
Oleg A. Savenkov ◽  
Valentina I. Pleshakova
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Manure Compost

The aim of the study. The aim of the study was to review publication about microbiome of chicken manure, chicken manure compost, as well as soil and crop microbiome after compost addition to soil as a fertilizer. Methodology. A search in the bibliographical data bases PubMed and elibrary.ru was performed using the keywords pertaining to the topic of the article. Main results. The results about the chicken manure microbiome, obtained by high throughput sequencing, showed that the chicken gut microbiome is dominated by bacteria of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla; some regional chicken populations were found to have Clostridium, Lactobacillus, Eubacterium, Bacteroides, Escherichia coli, Prevotella, Selenomonas, Streptococcus, Megasphaera, Fusobacterium и Bifidobacterium as the main representatives of the gut microbiome. However, chicken manure can contain bacteria with antibiotic resistance genes, as antibiotics are increasingly used in the poultry industry to stimulate production. In general manure composting can be regarded as environmentally safe method for transforming various organic wastes into organic fertilizers. As increasing output of the poultry industry, which inevitably includes manure, increased the interest to its composting, and recent years have seen unprecedented number of research, dealing with various details of manure composting, such as duration, hydrothermal conditions, added bulking materials, microbiological preparations, abundance of the antibiotic resistance genes, and so on. However, the studies of soil and crop microbiome after soil fertilization with chicken manure compost have so far been rather scarce, resulting in ambiguous conclusions, i.e. about positive or no effect of the compost addition. The effect is determined by species, breed, age, rearing and manure composting technology, as well as by crop and its cultivar, agricultural practices and soil specifics. Conclusions. Chicken manure contains taxonomically diverse microbiome that can be changed during composting. Microbiota of chicken manure and its compost with their great microbial species richness can contain bacteria, carrying antibiotic resistance genes. Dispersal of such components of the compost resistome in environment via compost addition to agricultural soils should be regarded as a growing biological hazard, threatening the efficient use of antibiotics for treating bacterial infections in in veterinary and medicine. Therefore increasing poultry production urges for assessing the risks and evaluating the scope of the threat, as well as estimating and establishing permissible limits of pathomicrobiotic load of the poultry litter manure and compost, using up-to-date metagenomic techniques. The greatest concern is about spreading antibiotic resistance genes into the marketable crop components, consumed raw; consequently, alongside with studying microbiota of the compost-receiving agricultural soil as a source of dust, microbiome research should be also focused crop phytobiome where crops are produced under addition of composts, obtained with manure of the antibiotic-treated poultry during industrial production.

scholarly journals Effects of Chinese herbal medicine residues on antibiotic resistance genes and the bacterial community in chicken manure composting

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinping Wu ◽  
Junjian Li ◽  
Jianwen Chen ◽  
Dale Li ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
Chinese Herbal

AbstractLivestock manure is an important way that antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) can enter the environment, and composting is an effective method for removing ARGs from livestock manure. In this study, different volume ratios of Chinese medicinal herbal residues (CMHRs) were added to laboratory-scale chicken manure composting to evaluate their effects on the behavior of ARGs, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and the bacterial community. At the end of the composting period, the structure of the microbial community changed. Firmicutes decreased and Bacteroidetes increased. The relative abundance of the 21 ARGs and 5 MGEs detected decreased by varying degrees in the different treatments (except for sulI and intI1). The removal rate of the ARGs increased with the increased addition of CMHRs. The correlations between transferase genes (tnpA and tnpA-02) and ARGs were significant (p < 0.05); therefore, transposon plays an important role in the horizontal gene transfer of ARGs in chicken manure. The results imply that CMHRs would be an effective bulking agent for the removal of ARGs from chicken manure composting.

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