Low-level lead exposure promotes hepatic gluconeogenesis and contributes to the elevation of fasting glucose level

In the present study, we have investigated frequency of genotypes and functional alleles of genes encoding chemokines (CXCL12 rs1801157, CCL2 rs1024611), chemokine receptors (CCR5 del32, CX3CR1 rs3732378), acute phase proteins SAA rs1136743, and CD14 rs2569190 polymorphisms among Tatar obese or overweight women from the Republic of Bashkortostan.The group of patients comprised unrelated women with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, n = 225), females with overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2, n = 184), and control group of women (n = 327) BMI < 25.0 kg/m2. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP analysis. Patients and controls differed in such parameters as body weight (p = 0.00001), BMI level (p = 0.001) and fasting glucose level (p = 0.0001).An association was revealed between obesity andAG-AAgenotypes (p = 0.007) andAallele (p = 0.003) of polymorphic locus rs3732378 ofCXCR1gene, as well asTTgenotype (p = 0.027) andTallele (p = 0.021) of polymorphic locus rs1136743 ofSAAgene. It has been shown that theAAgenotype of polymorphic locus rs3732378 of theCX3CR1gene is associated with increased body weight (p = 0.002) and elevated BMI (p = 0.018); theGGgenotype of polymorphic locus rs1024611 of theCCL2gene is associated with elevated fasting glucose level (p = 0.001).As based on clinical and genetic data and using logistic regression, some statistically significant differences were revealed, which allow to predict development of obesity in Tatar women.

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Association of impaired fasting glucose and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with brain volume changes in Alzheimer’s Disease patients analyzed by MRI: a retrospective study

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.9801 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. e9801

Author(s):

Weiwei Wang ◽

Leongtim Wong ◽

Lin Shi ◽

Yishan Luo ◽

Zhanhua Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Brain Volume ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Fasting Glucose Level ◽

Volume Changes ◽

Brain Volumes

Objectives Alzheimer’s disease (AD), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were reported associated with smaller brain volumes. Nevertheless, the association of hyperglycemia with brain volume changes in AD patients remains unclear. To investigate this issue, structural magnetic resonance imaging was used to compare brain volumes among AD patients with different fasting glucose levels. Methods Eighty-five AD patients were divided into three groups based on their fasting glucose level as suggested by the American Diabetes Association: normal fasting glucose group (AD_NFG, n = 45), AD_IFG group (n = 15), and AD_T2DM group (n = 25). Sagittal 3D T1-weighted images were obtained to calculate the brain volume. Brain parenchyma and 33 brain structures were automatically segmented. Each regional volume was analyzed among groups. For regions with statistical significance, partial correlation analysis was used to evaluate their relationships with fasting glucose level, corrected for Mini-Mental State Examination score, age, education level, cholesterol, triglyceride, and blood pressure. Results Compared with the AD_IFG and AD_NFG groups, the volume of pons in AD_T2DM group was significantly smaller. Fasting glucose was negatively correlated with pontine volume. Conclusions T2DM may exacerbate pontine atrophy in AD patients, and fasting glucose level is associated with pontine volume.

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Evaluation of genetic risk related to high fasting glucose level in the Hungarian Roma population

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckv171.021 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 25 (suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Sz Fiatal ◽

V Tomori ◽

P Pikó ◽

Á Moravcsik-Kornyicki ◽

B Soltész ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glucose Level ◽

Genetic Risk ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Fasting Glucose Level ◽

Roma Population ◽

High Fasting Glucose

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Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy as a tool for the treatment of severe hypoglycemia in patients with primary inoperable insulinoma

Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems ◽

10.1515/bams-2021-0138 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Marta Opalińska ◽

Anna Sowa-Staszczak ◽

Ibraheem Al Maraih ◽

Aleksandra Gilis-Januszewska ◽

Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk

Keyword(s):

Glucose Level ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Hepatic Metastases ◽

Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy ◽

Severe Hypoglycemia ◽

Insulin Level ◽

Line Treatment ◽

Second Line ◽

Fasting Glucose Level ◽

Curative Surgery

Abstract Objectives Severe hypoglycemia in a course of inoperable insulinoma may be life-threating and often it is not well controlled, even by high doses of diazoxide requiring second line treatment. Among available methods PRRT is characterized by relatively low toxicity and is connected with favorable antitumor effect. The aim of the study was an evaluation of the PRRT effectiveness in control of hypoglycemia in patients with primary inoperable insulinoma. Methods Three patients (female with metastatic insulinoma, male with primary inoperable pancreatic tumor, female with MEN1 syndrome and hepatic metastases) were treated with PRRT due to severe hypoglycemia poorly controlled by diazoxide in course of primary inoperable insulinoma. Results Patient 1 baseline fasting glucose concentration increased from 2.4 mmol/L [3.30–5.60] to 5.9 mmol/L after PRRT. In patient 2 fasting glucose level 2.30 mmol/L increased after PRRT to 7.0 mmol/L, while baseline insulin level initially 31.15 uU/mL [2.6–24.9] decreased to 15.4 uU/mL. In patients 3, baseline fasting glucose level 2.5 mmol/L increased after PRRT to 7.9 mmol/L, and insulin decreased from 57.9 uU/mL to 6.3 uU/mL. In imaging there was partial response (PR) in patient 1 and 2 and stabilization of the tumor size in patient 3. In patient 2 reduction of tumor infiltration let for curative surgery performed 4 months after PPRT. Conclusions PRRT may be effective as a first or second line treatment in management of hypoglycemia for patients with hormonally active inoperable insulinoma.

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The Incremental Risk of Pancreatic Cancer According to Fasting Glucose Levels: Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2019-00033 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 104 (10) ◽

pp. 4594-4599 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dong-Hoe Koo ◽

Kyung-Do Han ◽

Cheol-Young Park

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Cumulative Incidence ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Population Based ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Fasting Glucose Level ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Level 1 ◽

Level 2

Abstract Context It has been unclear whether the risk of pancreatic cancer is different according to glucose levels. Objective To determine the association between fasting glucose levels and pancreatic cancer risk using prospectively collected nationwide population-based cohort data in Korea. Design The National Health Insurance Service database of claims and preventive health check-up data recorded was used between 2009 and 2015. Setting and Participants A total of 25.4 million patients who had participated in a preventive health check-up between 2009 and 2013 were evaluated for pancreatic cancer incidence rates according to fasting glucose level. Main Outcomes Measures The cumulative incidence rate for pancreatic cancer was calculated after grouping according to fasting glucose levels as follows: (i) low normal (<90 mg/dL), (ii) high normal (90 to 99 mg/dL), (iii) prediabetes level 1 (100 to 109 mg/dL), (iv) prediabetes level 2 (110 to 125 mg/dL), (v) diabetes (≥126 mg/dL), and (vi) diabetes on anti-diabetic medications. Results The 5-year cumulative incidence rates (per 100,000) were as follows: (i) low normal = 32; (ii) high normal = 41; (iii) prediabetes level 1 = 50; (iv) prediabetes level 2 = 64; (v) diabetes = 75; and (vi) on anti-diabetic medications = 121. The risk of pancreatic cancer increased continuously with elevating fasting glucose levels (P < 0.0001). The incidence of pancreatic cancer increased significantly with increasing fasting blood glucose levels even after adjusting for age, sex, smoking, drinking, exercise, body mass index, and diabetes duration (P < 0.0001). Conclusions The cumulative incidence rate of pancreatic cancer significantly increased as the fasting glucose level elevated, even in populations with a normal glucose level range.

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