A strategy to determine the fate of active chemical compounds in soil; applied to antimicrobially active substances

AbstractKombucha is a beverage made by fermenting sugared tea using a symbiotic culture of bacteria belonging to the genus Acetobacter, Gluconobacter, and the yeasts of the genus Saccharomyces along with glucuronic acid, which has health-promoting properties. The paper presents the evaluation of ferments as a potential cosmetic raw material obtained from Yerba Mate after different fermentation times with the addition of Kombucha. Fermented and unfermented extracts were compared in terms of chemical composition and biological activity. The antioxidant potential of obtained ferments was analyzed by evaluating the scavenging of external and intracellular free radicals. Cytotoxicity was determined on keratinocyte and fibroblast cell lines, resulting in significant increase in cell viability for the ferments. The ferments, especially after 14 and 21 days of fermentation showed strong ability to inhibit (about 40% for F21) the activity of lipoxygenase, collagenase and elastase enzymes and long‐lasting hydration after their application on the skin. Moreover, active chemical compounds, including phenolic acids, xanthines and flavonoids were identified by HPLC/ESI–MS. The results showed that both the analyzed Yerba Mate extract and the ferments obtained with Kombucha may be valuable ingredients in cosmetic products.

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Active chemical compounds of traditional Chinese medicine Herba Leonuri: implications for cardiovascular diseases

Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology ◽

10.1111/j.1440-1681.2011.05630.x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 274-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Xin H Liu ◽

Li L Pan ◽

Yi Z Zhu

Keyword(s):

Chinese Medicine ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Active Chemical

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Gamma irradiation for enhancing active chemical compounds in leaf extracts of Libidibia ferrea (Leguminosae)

Applied Radiation and Isotopes ◽

10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109306 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 166 ◽

pp. 109306

Author(s):

Luiz da Silva Maia-Neto ◽

Ademir Amaral ◽

Luciano Rodolfo Ferreira de Lucena ◽

Simey de Souza Leão Pereira Magnata ◽

Edvane Borges da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gamma Irradiation ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Active Chemical

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Research on Cementitious Capillary Crystalline Waterproofing Coating for Underground Concrete Works

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.450-451.286 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 450-451 ◽

pp. 286-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yong Zhang ◽

Xiu Li Du ◽

Yue Li ◽

Fu Min Yang ◽

Zhan Guo Li

Keyword(s):

Quartz Sand ◽

Bonding Strength ◽

Test Results ◽

Chemical Substances ◽

Active Chemical ◽

Orthogonal Tests ◽

Active Substances

Cementitious capillary crystalline waterproofing coating was developed, whose doping quantity of active substances was primarily determined by using orthogonal tests, the doping quantity of the active substances and the cement-sand ratio were optimized, and the formulation of the waterproofing coating was: 50.45% of silicate cement, 40% of quartz sand, 2.4% of assistants and 7.15% of active chemical substances. Test results showed that all the properties of the developed waterproofing coating conform to standard requirements, the bonding strength of wet substrate reached 1.8 MPa, and 28d seepage resistance reached 1.3 MPa.

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A Pharmacognostic review of Liquorice: Pharmacological actions, Current uses and Future prospects

Himalayan Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.22270/hjhs.v6i2.99 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 38-45

Author(s):

Veer Jashvantbhai Patel ◽

Manish Mahebub Khetani

Keyword(s):

Chemical Compounds ◽

Pharmacological Effects ◽

Herbal Drugs ◽

Herbal Drug ◽

Future Prospects ◽

Active Chemical ◽

Ancient Times ◽

Current Article ◽

Treatment Alternatives ◽

Active Chemical Compound

Herbs used as medicines are one of the widely adopted treatment alternatives which is in effect since ancient times. Herbal drugs are of great importance to the population because of its ease of availability and the relief of having no side effects. Majority of the herbal drugs are possessed to have more than one pharmacological effect. One such classic example of well-known herbal drug is Liquorice which is commonly known as Sweet Wood or Mulethi. Liquorice is available in dried root or rhizome form and it is widely used as natural sweetener, expectorant and as a hepato-protectant. The herb is widely grown in Baluchistan, Spain and in certain parts of Himalayan region of India. There are various active chemical compounds of Liquorice which include saponins and flavonoids. The pharmacological actions of this drug are attributed to its major active chemical compound named Glycyrrhizin. Liquorice is also found to have specific anti-viral activity against certain viral cells. The current article focusses on the pharmacognostic review of Liquorice and its uses. The multiple pharmacological effects of this drug and the future prospects of using Liquorice in developing formulations have been discussed in detail.

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The Preliminary Study on the Mechanism about Piperine Regulating the Knee Osteoarthritis Based on Network Pharmacological Methods

10.26434/chemrxiv.12388997.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hao Zhang ◽

Lianshun Wang ◽

Xiaona Liu ◽

Yixin Cao ◽

Tingqi Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Western Blot ◽

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Active Ingredient ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Expression Level ◽

Literature Mining ◽

Piper Longum ◽

Lipinski’S Rule ◽

Active Chemical

Abstract:Objective: To explore the target of anti-knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in the effective chemical compounds of piper longum L based on network pharmacological methods.Methods: The active chemical compounds of piper longum L were collected employing database retrieval on TCMSP, TCM-PTD, and literature mining. The Swiss Target Prediction service predicts the targets of active chemical compounds, and at the same time, the targets of the drugs treating knee osteoarthritis were collected by retrieving the OMIM and CTD databases. The targets were subjected to an alignment analysis to screen out piperine and we simulated the binding sites in vivo of compounds and proteins via AutoDock. After that, the rat models of knee osteoarthritis were established. The rats in model groups were given piperine treatment. The verification of the anti-KOA target PPARG and MAPK1 was done by Western blot and co-immunoprecipitation.Results: Nine active ingredients were predicted. According to Lipinski's rule, piperine was speculated as a possible active ingredient. According to the possible targets of piperine and the KOA's possible targets, three co-targets of them were confirmed, PPARG and MAPK1 were related to knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Molecular docking results show that piperine can hinder the binding of PPARG protein ARG-212 and GLN-420 amino-acid residues to each other. After 20 weeks of piperine treating, Western blot found that piperine can significantly increase the expression level of PPARG and reduce the expression level of MAPK1 in model rats. The endogenous interaction between PPARG and MAPK1 was verified by co-immunoprecipitation.Conclusion: Piper longum L can regulate the progression of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) by its active ingredient piperine，can affect the expression of PPARG and MAPK1 proteins, and PPARG and MAPK1 proteins have endogenous interactions.

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UJI FITOKIMIA SENYAWA KIMIA AKTIF AKAR NIPAH (Nyfa Fruticans WURMB) SEBAGAI TUMBUHAN OBAT DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN

Jurnal Hutan Tropis ◽

10.20527/jht.v4i1.2879 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 28 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rosidah R Radam ◽

Erni Purnamasari

Keyword(s):

Chemical Compound ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Medicinal Herb ◽

Chemical Test ◽

Nypa Fruticans ◽

New Information ◽

Active Chemical ◽

Active Chemical Compound

Nipa (Nypa fruticans WURMB) classified in Palma family and grow in riptide area. This Research aims to know active Chemical compounds in Nipa root. We Hope that this Research will provide new information about active Chemical compounds in Nipa root, so that we can improve the benefit value of Nipa as One of the medicinal herb. Nipa root samples is taken in Tanah Bumbu District, samples examined in Laboratory of F-MIPA UNLAM. The observed parameters in thus Chemical Test are the active Chemical compounds: alkaloid, steroid, triterpenoid, flavonoid, and tannin. The Content of active Chemical compound is presented in Table and concluded descriptively. The Result of active Chemical compound consist in Nipa’s root shows that Alkaloid, Steroid, Triterpenoid, Flavonoid , and tannin compound is do contains in Nipa root. This active Chemical compound in Nipa root can be Led as the basic Chemical informative to utilize Nipa root as analgesics Medical for such disease.Nipah (nypa fruticans WURMB) merupakan tumbuhan yang termasuk famili Palmae dan tumbuh di daerah pasang surut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa-senyawa kimia aktif pada akar nipah. Manfaat dari penelitian ini untuk memberikan informasi baru tentang senyawa aktif yang terdapat pada akar nipah, sehingga dapat meningkatkan nilai guna dan manfaat tumbuhan nipah sebagai salah satu tanaman obat. Pengambilan sample akar nipah dilakukan Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu sedangkan pengujian sample akar nipah dilakukan di Laboratorium F-MIFA UNLAM. Parameter-parameter yang diamati pada pengujian kimia tersebut adalah senyawa-senyawa kimia aktif yaitu alkaloid, steroid, triterpenoid flavonoid, dan tanin. Data hasil uji kandungan senyawa kimia aktif ditabulasi dan disimpulkan secara diskriptif. Hasil pengujian terhadap senyawa kimia aktif yang terkandung dalam akar Nifah ini menunjukan bahwa senyawa Alkaloid, Steroid, Triterpenoid, Flavonoid , dan tanin memang dikandung oleh akar nipah. Senyawa kimia aktif yang dikandung akar nipah ini dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar pemanfaatan akar nipah untuk obat analgetik beberapa penyakit.

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Sponge-Like: A New Protocol for Preparing Bacterial Ghosts

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2013/545741 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Amro A. Amara ◽

Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit ◽

Fars K. Alanazi

Keyword(s):

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Agarose Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Biotechnological Applications ◽

E Coli ◽

Viable Cells ◽

Inhibition Concentration ◽

Active Chemical ◽

Bacterial Ghosts ◽

First Time

Bacterial Ghosts (BGs) received an increasing interest in the recent years for their promising medicinal and pharmaceutical applications. In this study, for the first time we introduce a new protocol for BGs production.E. coliBL21 (DE3) pLysS (Promega) was used as a model to establish a general protocol for BGs preparation. The protocol is based on using active chemical compounds in concentrations less than the Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC). Those chemical compounds are SDS, NaOH, and H2O2. Plackett-Burman experimental design was used to map the best conditions for BGs production. Normal and electronic microscopes were used to evaluate the BGs quality (BGQ). Spectrophotometer was used to evaluate the amount of the released protein and DNA. Agarose gel electrophoresis was used to determine the existence of any residue of DNA after each BGs preparation. Viable cells, which existed after running this protocol, were subjected to lysis by inducing the lysozyme gene carried on pLysS plasmid. This protocol is able to produce BGs that can be used in different biotechnological applications.

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Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract Attenuates Atherosclerosis in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic ApoE-/- Mice by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress via Restoration of Autophagy through the mTOR Signaling Pathway

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2019/8134678 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jinfan Tian ◽

Mohammad Sharif Popal ◽

Yanfei Liu ◽

Rui Gao ◽

Shuzheng Lyu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽

Ginkgo Biloba ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Network Pharmacology ◽

Diabetic Mice ◽

Active Chemical ◽

Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract ◽

Ginkgo Biloba Leaf

Background. There is a crosstalk between endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and autophagy, and autophagy could attenuate endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis. Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBE) exerts vascular protection functions. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the role of autophagy in diabetic atherosclerosis (AS) and the effect of GBE on autophagy and ERS. Methods. Network pharmacology was utilized to predict the targets and pathways of the active chemical compounds of Gingko biloba leaf to attenuate AS. ApoE-/- mice were rendered diabetic by intraperitoneal ingestion with streptozotocin combined with a high-fat diet. The diabetic mice were divided into five groups: model group, atorvastatin group, rapamycin group, and low- and high-dose GBE groups. Serum and tissue markers of autophagy or ERS markers, including the protein expression, were examined. Results. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and NF-κB signaling pathways were targeted by the active chemical compounds of GBE to attenuate AS predicted by network pharmacology. GBE reduced the plaque area/lumen area and the plaque lipid deposition area/intimal area and inhibited the expressions of CD68, MMP2, and MMP9. Rapamycin and GBE inhibited the expression of mTOR and SQSTM1/p62 which increased in the aorta of diabetic mice. In addition, GBE reduced the expression of ERS markers in diabetic mice. GBE reduced the serum lipid metabolism levels, blood glucose, and inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion. Impaired autophagy and overactive endoplasmic reticulum stress contributed to diabetic atherosclerosis. mTOR inhibitor rapamycin and GBE attenuated diabetic atherosclerosis by inhibiting ERS via restoration of autophagy through inhibition of mTOR.

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The Preliminary Study on the Mechanism about Piperine Regulating the Knee Osteoarthritis Based on Network Pharmacological Methods

10.26434/chemrxiv.12388997 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hao Zhang ◽

Lianshun Wang ◽

Xiaona Liu ◽

Yixin Cao ◽

Tingqi Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Western Blot ◽

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Active Ingredient ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Expression Level ◽

Literature Mining ◽

Piper Longum ◽

Lipinski’S Rule ◽

Active Chemical

Abstract:Objective: To explore the target of anti-knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in the effective chemical compounds of piper longum L based on network pharmacological methods.Methods: The active chemical compounds of piper longum L were collected employing database retrieval on TCMSP, TCM-PTD, and literature mining. The Swiss Target Prediction service predicts the targets of active chemical compounds, and at the same time, the targets of the drugs treating knee osteoarthritis were collected by retrieving the OMIM and CTD databases. The targets were subjected to an alignment analysis to screen out piperine and we simulated the binding sites in vivo of compounds and proteins via AutoDock. After that, the rat models of knee osteoarthritis were established. The rats in model groups were given piperine treatment. The verification of the anti-KOA target PPARG and MAPK1 was done by Western blot and co-immunoprecipitation.Results: Nine active ingredients were predicted. According to Lipinski's rule, piperine was speculated as a possible active ingredient. According to the possible targets of piperine and the KOA's possible targets, three co-targets of them were confirmed, PPARG and MAPK1 were related to knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Molecular docking results show that piperine can hinder the binding of PPARG protein ARG-212 and GLN-420 amino-acid residues to each other. After 20 weeks of piperine treating, Western blot found that piperine can significantly increase the expression level of PPARG and reduce the expression level of MAPK1 in model rats. The endogenous interaction between PPARG and MAPK1 was verified by co-immunoprecipitation.Conclusion: Piper longum L can regulate the progression of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) by its active ingredient piperine，can affect the expression of PPARG and MAPK1 proteins, and PPARG and MAPK1 proteins have endogenous interactions.

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