scholarly journals SNP-based identification of QTL for resistance to black point caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana in bread wheat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoyun Li ◽  
Runyu Hu ◽  
Zhenfeng Guo ◽  
Siyu Wang ◽  
Chuang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Black Point

scholarly journals Assessing Genetic Resistance in Wheat to Black Point Caused by Six Fungal Species in the Yellow and Huai Wheat Area of China

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (12) ◽  
pp. 3131-3134
Author(s):  
Qiaoyun Li ◽  
Mengyu Li ◽  
Yumei Jiang ◽  
Siyu Wang ◽  
Kaige Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Resistant Cultivars

The most effective and environmentally sustainable method for controlling black point disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is to plant resistant cultivars. To identify sources of resistance to black point, 165 selected cultivars/lines were inoculated with isolates of six fungal species (Bipolaris sorokiniana, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium equiseti, Exserohilum rostratum, Epicoccum sorghinum, and Curvularia spicifera) known to cause black point in wheat using spore suspensions under controlled field conditions in 2016 and 2017. Inoculation of the isolates significantly increased the incidence of black point in the cultivars/lines compared with those grown under natural field conditions (NFC). The disease incidence of plants inoculated with B. sorokiniana and E. rostratum was 15.5% and 18.8% in 2016, and 20.4% and 23.0% in 2017, whereas those under NFC were 5.7% (2016) and 1.5% (2017), respectively. Furthermore, disease symptoms varied with pathogen. Among the 165 cultivars/lines tested, 3.6%, 50.9%, 60.0%, 1.8%, 47.3%, and 58.8% were resistant to B. sorokiniana, A. alternata, F. equiseti, E. rostratum, E. sorghinum, and C. spicifera, respectively. In addition, we identified one line (‘SN530070’) resistant to black point caused by all six pathogens. This is the first study to assess resistance to wheat black point caused by six fungal species under controlled conditions. The black point-resistant cultivars/lines could be useful in breeding and also in research on the mechanisms of resistance to black point.

scholarly journals Effect of black point disease on quality of wheat grain

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK Malaker ◽  
IH Mian ◽  
KA Bhuiyan ◽  
MMA Reza ◽  
MA Mannan
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different levels of black point infection caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana and other fungal pathogens on some quality characters of wheat grain. Wheat grains were graded on a 0-5 scale based on levels of black point infection. Quality characters of grain viz., protein, fat, dry matter, ash and mineral contents under different grades were determined following standard methods. The dry matter and ash contents of grain decreased while the contents of protein and fat increased with the increasing severity of black point infection. The observations on macro and micro nutrient contents of grain indicated that the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, and boron increased, whereas the contents of potassium, iron, zinc, copper and sodium decreased with the increase of black point infection. However, the reductions in copper content of black point affected grains under different grades of infection were not significant as compared to apparently healthy grains. Key Words: Black point; Bipolaris sorokiniana; grain quality; wheat. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i2.5789Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(2) : 181-187, June 2009

Black Point Of Wheat Caused By Bipolaris Sorokiniana And Its Management

2017 ◽  
pp. 239-255
Author(s):  
Mohammed shamshul Q. Ansari ◽  
Anju pandey ◽  
V. K. Mishra ◽  
A. K. Joshi ◽  
R. Chand
Keyword(s):  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Black Point

scholarly journals Enzymatic Browning in Wheat Kernels Produces Symptom of Black Point Caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoyun Li ◽  
Kaige Xu ◽  
Siyu Wang ◽  
Mengyu Li ◽  
Yumei Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Enzymatic Browning ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Wheat Kernels

To understand the blackening mechanism in black point diseased kernels, ultraviolet–visible light (UV–Vis) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) absorbance spectra of extracts made from the blackening parts of black point-affected (BP) kernels and the analogous part of black point-free (BPF) kernels were measured using susceptible wheat genotypes “PZSCL6” inoculated with Bipolaris sorokiniana (the dominant pathogen causing this disease). In addition, metabolite differences between BP and BPF kernels were identified by a method that combines gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Successively, symptoms of black point were produced in vitro. The results showed (i) the spectroscopic properties of the extracts from BP and BPF kernels were very similar, with an absorption peak at 235 nm and a small shoulder at 280–300 nm in both UV–Vis spectra and shared vibrations at 3400–3300, 2925 and 2852, 1512 and 1463, 1709, 1220, 600–860 cm–1 in FT-IR spectra that are consistent with similar bonding characteristics. In contrast, spectroscopic properties of extracts from wheat kernels were different from those of synthetic melanin and extracellular and intracellular melanin produced by B. sorokiniana. (ii) Levels of 156 metabolites in BP kernels were different from those in BPF kernels. Among those 156 metabolites, levels of phenolic acids (ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid), 11 phenolamides compounds, and four benzoxazinone derivatives were significantly higher in BP kernels than in BPF kernels. (iii) Symptom of black point could be produced in vitro in wheat kernels with supplement of phenol substrate (catechol) and H2O2. This result proved that blackening substance causing symptom of black point was produced by enzymatic browning in wheat kernels instead of by B. sorokiniana.

Effect of previous crops on crown rot and yield of durum and bread wheat in northern NSW

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Kirkegaard ◽  
S. Simpfendorfer ◽  
J. Holland ◽  
R. Bambach ◽  
K. J. Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Trichoderma Spp

The effect of previous crops (oilseed, legume, and cereal) on the incidence and severity of crown rot (Fusarium pseudograminearum, Fp) and yield of wheat was investigated in 3 field studies in northern New South Wales. The experiments were designed to compare the effectiveness of the Brassica break crops canola (Brassica napus L.) and mustard (B. juncea L.) with chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) on reduction of Fp in subsequent wheat crops. Responses to previous broadleaf and cereal crops were investigated in Fp-tolerant bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Fp-susceptible durum wheat [Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum (Dest.)]. In all experiments, broadleaf break crops increased the yield of Fp-susceptible durum wheat compared with durum after cereals (by 0.24–0.89 t/ha). The same response was observed for the Fp-tolerant wheat at 2 of the 3 sites (0.71 and 0.78 t/ha), with a lower yield (0.13 t/ha) after break crops than after cereals at one site during a drought. The yield of the Fp-susceptible durum wheat was generally higher after brassicas than after chickpea (yield advantage 0.27–0.58�t/ha), whereas there was no such difference in the tolerant wheat variety. In most cases, these yield responses to the previous crops were closely related to the severity of Fp infection. Overall yield of susceptible durum wheat was reduced by 1% for each 1% increase in Fp severity at harvest. Residual water and nitrogen (N) did not explain responses to previous crops, although common root rot (Bipolaris sorokiniana) may have contributed to some of the responses at the sites. There was little evidence that the lower disease and higher yield following brassicas compared with chickpea was related to suppression of Fp by biofumigation. More plausible explanations are that residual cereal residues decomposed more rapidly under dense Brassica canopies thus reducing Fp inoculum, that Fp severity was increased following chickpea due to higher soil N status, or that brassicas resulted in soil/residue biology that was less conducive to Fp inoculum survival. Evidence for the latter was provided by consistently higher levels of Trichoderma spp. isolated from wheat following brassicas compared with chickpea or cereals. Irrespective of the mechanisms involved, the results demonstrate that Brassica oilseeds provide an effective break crop for crown rot in northern NSW. Furthermore, brassicas may provide an excellent alternative rotation crop to chickpea for high value durum wheat due to an apparent capacity to more effectively reduce the severity of crown rot infection in subsequent crops.

scholarly journals Transcriptome-based analysis of resistance mechanism to black point caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana in wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoyun Li ◽  
Chuang Gao ◽  
Kaige Xu ◽  
Yumei Jiang ◽  
Jishan Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Stress Oxidative ◽  
Wheat Lines

AbstractBlack point is a cereal disease caused by complex pathogens, of which the pathogenicity of Bipolaris sorokiniana is the most serious in wheat. Resistance to black point is quantitative in nature, and thus the mechanism is poorly understood. We conducted a comparative transcriptome analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in black point-slightly susceptible and -highly susceptible wheat lines at different timepoints following B. sorokiniana inoculation. DEGs associated with photosynthesis were upregulated in black point-slightly susceptible lines. The top Gene Ontology enrichment terms for biological processes were oxidation–reduction, response to cold, salt stress, oxidative stress, and cadmium ion; terms for cellular component genes were mainly involved in plasma membrane and cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle, whereas those for molecular function were heme binding and peroxidase activity. Moreover, activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase were higher in slightly susceptible lines than those in highly susceptible lines (except peroxidase 12–24 days post-inoculation). Thus, resistance to B. sorokiniana-caused black point in wheat was mainly related to counteracting oxidative stress, although the specific metabolic pathways require further study. This study presents new insights for understanding resistance mechanisms of selected wheat lines to black point.

scholarly journals Effect of storage containers and time on seed quality of wheat

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK Malaker ◽  
IH Mian ◽  
KA Bhuiyan ◽  
AM Akanda ◽  
MMA Reza
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Monthly Interval ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Wheat Seeds

A study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of black point and percentages of germination, moisture content and different fungi associated with wheat seeds during storage in different types of container. Seeds of a widely cultivated variety Kanchan were stored in five types of containers viz., ‘dole'(bamboo made), earthen pitcher, tin container, polyethylene bag and refrigerator (10°C) for ten months at room temperature. Samples were taken at monthly interval beginning from the month of April (prior to storage). The seed moisture content and black point severity were found highest in dole resulting in the lowest percentage of seed germination. The highest germination percentage was observed under storage in refrigerator followed by polyethylene bag, tin container and earthen pitcher. The moisture content and black point infection increased and seed germination decreased with the increase of storage period. Prior to storage in April, the seed germination was 95%, which decreased to about 75% at the end often months of storage (in January). Various fungal flora associated with wheat seeds differed in their prevalence depending on the length of storage period and types of container used for storage. The population of field fungi viz., Alternaria alternata, Aiternaria triticina, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Curvularia lunata, Epicoccum purpurascens and Fusarium spp. decreased while that of storage fungi viz., Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Nigrospora, Penicillium and Rhizopus increased with the progress of storage period. Key Words: Storage, seed quality, wheat. doi:10.3329/bjar.v33i3.1606 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(3) : 469-477, September 2008

scholarly journals Bipolaris sorokiniana-Induced Black Point, Common Root Rot, and Spot Blotch Diseases of Wheat: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah M. Al-Sadi
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Parts

Wheat is among the ten top and most widely grown crops in the world. Several diseases cause losses in wheat production in different parts of the world. Bipolaris sorokiniana (teleomorph, Cochliobolus sativus) is one of the wheat pathogens that can attack all wheat parts, including seeds, roots, shoots, and leaves. Black point, root rot, crown rot and spot blotch are the main diseases caused by B. sorokiniana in wheat. Seed infection by B. sorokiniana can result in black point disease, reducing seed quality and seed germination and is considered a main source of inoculum for diseases such as common root rot and spot blotch. Root rot and crown rot diseases, which result from soil-borne or seed-borne inoculum, can result in yield losses in wheat. Spot blotch disease affects wheat in different parts of the world and cause significant losses in grain yield. This review paper summarizes the latest findings on B. sorokiniana, with a specific emphasis on management using genetic, chemical, cultural, and biological control measures.

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