Evaluation of the status and risk of overexploitation of the Pacific billfish stocks considering non-stationary population processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 104707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Jay Chang ◽  
Henning Winker ◽  
Michelle Sculley ◽  
Jhen Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Stationary Population ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Status ◽  
Population Processes

scholarly journals Drivers of Forest Loss in a Megadiverse Hotspot on the Pacific Coast of Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1235
Author(s):  
Jesús A. Anaya ◽  
Víctor H. Gutiérrez-Vélez ◽  
Ana M. Pacheco-Pascagaza ◽  
Sebastián Palomino-Ángel ◽  
Natasha Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Forest Change ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Status ◽  
Land Cover Map ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Scientific Attention ◽  
Insight Into

Tropical forests are disappearing at unprecedented rates, but the drivers behind this transformation are not always clear. This limits the decision-making processes and the effectiveness of forest management policies. In this paper, we address the extent and drivers of deforestation of the Choco biodiversity hotspot, which has not received much scientific attention despite its high levels of plant diversity and endemism. The climate is characterized by persistent cloud cover which is a challenge for land cover mapping from optical satellite imagery. By using Google Earth Engine to select pixels with minimal cloud content and applying a random forest classifier to Landsat and Sentinel data, we produced a wall-to-wall land cover map, enabling a diagnosis of the status and drivers of forest loss in the region. Analyses of these new maps together with information from illicit crops and alluvial mining uncovered the pressure over intact forests. According to Global Forest Change (GFC) data, 2324 km2 were deforested in this area from 2001 to 2018, reaching a maximum in 2016 and 2017. We found that 68% of the area is covered by broadleaf forests (67,473 km2) and 15% by shrublands (14,483 km2), the latter with enormous potential to promote restoration projects. This paper provides a new insight into the conservation of this exceptional forest with a discussion of the drivers of forest loss, where illicit crops and alluvial mining were found to be responsible for 60% of forest loss.

scholarly journals A comparison of two surveys of invertebrates at Pacific Ocean islands: the giant clam at Raivavae Island, Australes Archipelago, French Polynesia

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 1825-1836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Andréfouët ◽  
Kim Friedman ◽  
Antoine Gilbert ◽  
Georges Remoissenet
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Standing Stock ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Giant Clam ◽  
Coverage Density ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Status ◽  
Ocean Islands

Abstract Andréfouët, S., Friedman, K., Gilbert, A., and Remoissenet, G. 2009. A comparison of two surveys of invertebrates at Pacific Ocean islands: the giant clam at Raivavae Island, Australes Archipelago, French Polynesia. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1825–1836. An assessment of invertebrate fisheries is currently taking place at several Pacific Ocean islands. The objectives are to obtain either detailed information on certain stocks at limited sites or to assess more broadly a variety of benthic resources across different islands. In French Polynesia, giant clam (Tridacna maxima) populations were surveyed by Service de la Pêche and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (SPE/IRD). Sampling was optimized to determine stock abundance as a tool to enhance management of the clam fishery. Currently, the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) is investigating throughout the Pacific the status of invertebrate resources; a large-scale study not necessarily establishing a precise stock estimate for resources such as clams, but comparing resource status for several target species using coverage, density, and size measures. Raivavae Island (French Polynesia) was investigated by both programmes and offered an opportunity to verify whether the different sampling schedules provided consistent perspectives of the status of the T. maxima resource. The different strategies that SPE/IRD and SPC adopted resulted in no direct spatial overlap between the locations investigated: nevertheless, the ranges of densities and clam sizes recorded were generally consistent between surveys, and both programmes described similar spatial variation in clam presence at an island scale. SPE/IRD provided a detailed map of clam densities per habitat using a high-resolution satellite image, which yielded an estimated standing stock of 8.16 ± 0.91 million clams, representing a flesh biomass of 354 ± 41 t. SPC's study delivered coverage, density, and clam length, but no stock estimate. Unavailable from SPE/IRD, SPC also described the status of a variety of important invertebrate species targeted by fishers in the Pacific. Both programmes independently made similar fishery management recommendations. The relative merits and complementarities of the two approaches in the context of Pacific Ocean Island resource management are discussed.

Terrestrial isopods from Costa Rica and a redescription of Ischioscia variegata (Dollfus, 1893) (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea)

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 1415-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Leistikow
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
The Status ◽  
Small Collection ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Philoscia Muscorum

Examination of a small collection of Oniscidea from Costa Rica revealed the presence of two species new to science (Ischioscia martinae sp.nov. and Scleropactes talamancensis sp.nov.). Further specimens from the collection of the United States National Museum were reexamined to reconsider the status of Philoscia muscorum (Scopoli, 1793) and Ischioscia variegata (Dollfus, 1893), both of which have been reported from Costa Rica. The specimens belong to two new species (Ischioscia muelleri sp.nov. and Ischioscia elongata sp.nov.). Redescriptions of Ligia baudiniana Milne Edwards, 1840 from the shores of both the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean and the type material of Ischioscia variegata (Dollfus, 1893) from Venezuela are also presented.

scholarly journals Climate change and non-stationary population processes in fisheries management

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1297-1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cody S. Szuwalski ◽  
Anne B. Hollowed
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Stationary Population ◽  
Stock Assessments ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Population Processes ◽  
Benefits And Costs ◽  
Spawning Biomass

Abstract The potential influence of climate change on the future distribution and abundance of fish (and therefore commercial fisheries and food security) is increasingly recognized in the fishery management community. A changing climate will likely have differing effects on different species; some will flourish, some will flounder. Management targets for fishing mortality and spawning biomass are often calculated by assuming stationary population processes, but under climate change, this assumption may be violated. Non-stationary population processes can introduce bias into estimates of biomass from stock assessments and calculations of target fishing mortalities and biomasses. However, few accepted frameworks exist for incorporating the changing influence of the environment on exploited populations into management strategies. Identifying changes in population processes due to environmental influences is important in order to enable climate-enhanced management strategy evaluations to elucidate the potential benefits and costs of changing management targets. Cost/benefit analyses will also be useful when coincidentally caught species respond differently to environmental change.

scholarly journals Notes on the status of Kuhl's Lorikeet Vini kuhlii in the Northern Line Islands, Kiribati

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dick Watling
Keyword(s):  
French Polynesia ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Christmas Island ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Ship Rat ◽  
Austral Islands ◽  
The Status ◽  
Line Islands

SummaryKuhl's Lorikeet Vini kuhlii has a precarious status reflected by its disjunct distribution in the Pacific, with surviving populations in the Northern Line (Kiribati) and Austral Islands (French Polynesia) some 3,000 km apart, possibly as a result of Polynesian trade in red feathers. The species is extinct in the southern Cook Islands. On Rimatara (Austral Islands), where it is believed indigenous, it is still common but the recent introduction of the Rattus norvegicus is of concern. In the Northern Line Islands, R. rattus appears to have all but extirpated the lorikeet on Tabuaeran (Fanning Island), but one small population has apparently survived for over 70 years, an explanation for which may guide in situ conservation of Vini lorikeets on ship-rat-infested islands elsewhere. The arid and unpredictable climate of Kiritimati (Christmas Island) may preclude the establishment of lorikeets. Only on Teraina (Washington Island), where over 1,000 V. kuhlii survive, are there no confirmed threats and good in situ conservation potential.

The Status of Certain Sandpipers on the Pacific Slope

The Murrelet ◽  
1927 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Allan Brooks
Keyword(s):  
The Pacific ◽  
The Status ◽  
Pacific Slope

scholarly journals Review: Why the Pacific status quo is no longer an option

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Francis X Hezel
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Journal Editor ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Marshall Islands ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
Family Land

Hezel, Father Francis X. (2015). Why the Pacific status quo is no longer an option. Pacific Journalism Review, 21(2): 195-196. Review of Idyllic No More: Pacific Island Climate, Corruption and Development Dilemmas, by Giff Johnson. Majuro, Marshall Islands: CreateSpace. 2015. 153 pp. ISBN 978-1-512235-58-6Giff Johnson’s latest work, Idyllic No More: Pacific Islands Climate, Corruption and Development Dilemmas, is a call to serious planning and more. The Marshall Islands Journal editor summons leaders to recognise that life has changed in the country and the status quo is the road to disaster. There was a time when this might not have been true—when people who wanted to kick back and live a simple island life could quietly opt out of school and retire to the family land to provide for themselves as their ancestors had done for generations in an island society that offered the resources, physical and social, to support its population.

Redescription of Liopropoma aragai (Teleostei: Serranidae), with two new confirmed records of species of Liopropoma from Taiwan

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4702 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-72
Author(s):  
KEITA KOEDA ◽  
HIROSHI SENOU ◽  
CHIH-WEI CHANG ◽  
HSUAN-CHING HO
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Ryukyu Archipelago ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Okinawa Island ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Status ◽  
Voucher Specimens ◽  
Pacific Coast Of Japan ◽  
First Time

Liopropoma aragai Randall & Taylor 1988 is redescribed based on the holotype and non-type specimens from Japan and Taiwan. Diagnostic characters of the species and the status of Taiwanese specimens previously referred to L. aragai are reassessed. Liopropoma lemniscatum Randall & Taylor 1988, previously recorded only from the Pacific coast of Japan and the Ryukyu Archipelago, and L. lunulatum (Guichenot 1863), previously known from Okinawa Island (Japan), Guam, Réunion, Rarotonga and Tahiti, are redescribed, both being confirmed for the first time by voucher specimens from Taiwanese waters. A detailed description of each species and a key to Taiwan Liopropoma Gill 1861 is provided. 

scholarly journals Ciguatera in Mexico (1984–2013)

Marine Drugs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Núñez-Vázquez ◽  
Antonio Almazán-Becerril ◽  
David López-Cortés ◽  
Alejandra Heredia-Tapia ◽  
Francisco Hernández-Sandoval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning ◽  
Quintana Roo ◽  
Shellfish Poisoning ◽  
Fish Poisoning ◽  
Paralytic Shellfish ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sphyraena Barracuda ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Historical records of ciguatera in Mexico date back to 1862. This review, including references and epidemiological reports, documents 464 cases during 25 events from 1984 to 2013: 240 (51.72%) in Baja California Sur, 163 (35.12%) in Quintana Roo, 45 (9.69%) in Yucatan, and 16 (3.44%) cases of Mexican tourists intoxicated in Cuba. Carnivorous fish, such as snapper (Lutjanus) and grouper (Epinephelus and Mycteroperca) in the Pacific Ocean, and great barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda) and snapper (Lutjanus) in the Atlantic (Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea), were involved in all cases. In the Mexican Caribbean, a sub-record of ciguatera cases that occurred before 1984 exists. However, the number of intoxications has increased in recent years, and this food poisoning is poorly studied in the region. Current records suggest that ciguatera fish poisoning in humans is the second most prevalent form of seafood poisoning in Mexico, only exceeded by paralytic shellfish poisoning (505 cases, 21 fatalities in the same 34-year period). In this study, the status of ciguatera in Mexico (epidemiological and treatment), and the fish vectors are reviewed. Dinoflagellate species Gambierdiscus, Ostreopsis, and Prorocentrum are related with the reported outbreaks, marine toxins, ecological risk, and the potential toxicological impact.

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