Physico-chemical, microbiological and ecotoxicological evaluation of a septic tank/Fenton reaction combination for the treatment of hospital wastewaters

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1076-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiani Berto ◽  
Gisele Canan Rochenbach ◽  
Marco Antonio B. Barreiros ◽  
Albertina X.R. Corrêa ◽  
Sandra Peluso-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fenton Reaction ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Ecotoxicological Evaluation ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Hospital Wastewaters

scholarly journals Investigation of Groundwater Contamination from Septic Tank Siting in Umungasi/Abayi, Abia State

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
K. O. Nkem ◽  
C. L. Eze ◽  
I. U. Ini
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Groundwater Contamination ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Septic Systems ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
Standard Limit

The investigation of groundwater contamination from septic tank siting was done in Umungasi/Abayi, Abia State. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of siting septic systems on the quality of groundwater in Umungasi, Abayi, Aba. Twenty (20) water samples were randomly collected from boreholes located less than 30 m away from septic systems in Umungasi, Abayi Aba, Nigeria to determine their physico-chemical and heavy metals characteristics. While three (3) water samples at distances ranging from 60 m from the nearest septic system were sampled for analyses as controls. Standard analytical techniques were employed in the investigation. The result showed that most of the physicochemical parameters analysed in the borehole water samples were within the WHO/SON/NAFDAC recommended limits except for pH in BH4 and BH7 which had values of 6.3 respectively and were not within the WHO/SON/NAFDAC standard limit of 6.5-8.5. Some of the heavy metals analysed during the period of study were within the permissible limits except for iron in BH5 (0.443 mg/L), BH7 (0.367 mg/L), BH8 (0.511 mg/L), BH9 (0.31 mg/L), BH15 (0.41 mg/L), BH16 (0.327 mg/L), BH17 (0.337 mg/L) and BH18 (0.315 mg/L) that were above the permissible limits of WHO standards of 0.3 mg/l. There was no influence of septic tank siting to the boreholes on groundwater quality during the period of study even though the distance of septic tanks from boreholes in the areas investigated did not conform with that recommended by WHO of 30 – 40 m. The contamination is from the general unhygienic condition of the environment.

Hospital wastewaters treatment: Fenton reaction vs. BDDE vs. ferrate(VI)

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (31) ◽  
pp. 31812-31821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Mackuľak ◽  
Roman Grabic ◽  
Viera Špalková ◽  
Noemi Belišová ◽  
Andrea Škulcová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fenton Reaction ◽  
Wastewaters Treatment ◽  
Hospital Wastewaters

scholarly journals Antibiotic-resistant heterotrophic plate count bacteria and amoeba-resistant bacteria in aquifers of the Mooi River, North West province, South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 835-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alewyn Carstens ◽  
Catheleen Bartie ◽  
Rainier Dennis ◽  
Carlos Bezuidenhout
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Heterotrophic Plate Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Physico Chemical

Groundwater in the Mooi River catchment is prone to mining, agricultural, municipal and septic tank pollution. In this study physico-chemical and microbiological parameters were determined using appropriate methods. Bacterial isolates were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing (heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria and amoeba-resistant bacteria (ARB)) and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (Escherichia coli). Antibiotic resistance tests were also performed. Physico-chemical parameters were generally within target water quality ranges for drinking water. HPC bacteria ranged between 105 and 107 colony-forming units (cfu)/ml. E. coli were enumerated from Trimpark, School and Cemetery. The Blaauwbank borehole was negative for faecal streptococci. Pseudomonas spp. were most abundant in the bulk water. Opportunistic pathogens isolated included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Alcaligenes, Flavobacterium, Bacillus cereus and Mycobacterium spp. Varying patterns of antibiotic resistance were observed. Most HPC bacterial isolates were resistant to cephalothin and/or amoxicillin and a few were resistant to erythromycin and streptomycin. Pseudomonas spp. was also the most abundant ARB. Other ARBs included Alcaligenes faecalis, Ochrobactrum sp. and Achromobacter sp. ARBs were resistant to streptomycin, chloramphenicol, cephalothin, and/or amoxicillin compared to HPCs. The presence of E. coli and ARB in these groundwater sources indicates potential human health risks. These risks should be further investigated and quantified, and groundwater should be treated before use.

scholarly journals Effect of Depth and Distance of the Borehole from the Septic Tank on the Physico-Chemical Quality of Water

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Chove Lucy Mlipano ◽  
Mongi Richard ◽  
Chenge Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
Deep Boreholes

A study to examine the effect of depth and distance of the boreholes from the septic tank on physico-chemical parameters of the borehole water consumed in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania was conducted. Samples were collected from 48 boreholes in Ilala, Kinondoni and Temeke districts and subjected to pH, B.O.D (Biological Oxygen Demand), total hardness, copper and lead analyses in relation to safety and quality levels set by WHO and TBS. Analysis by R-statistics indicated that pH and B.O.D significantly (p<0.05) decreased as the depth of borehole increased, whereas total hardness was significantly (p<0.05) higher in very deep boreholes than the other heights. Total hardness and pH were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by distance between septic tank and borehole and the B.O.D levels were significantly higher in the borehole water situated near the septic tank than those which were far. Based on the physico-chemical characteristics of water, 25% of the samples did not comply with WHO and TBS specification limits while 75% complied, most of which had shallow depths and were situated near the septic tank. It may thus be concluded that both the distance and the depth between septic tank and borehole influenced physico-chemical characteristics of water.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Fate of Amoxicillin and Penicillin G Antibiotics in Hospital Wastewater Treatment Plants: A Case Study - Gonbad Kavous, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Golchin ◽  
Mohammadreza Khani ◽  
Mohsen Sadani ◽  
Mehdi Sadeghi ◽  
Mahsa Jahangiri-rad
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Hospital Wastewater ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Hospital Wastewaters

ABSTRACT Release of antibiotics to the environment as a result of wastewater effluent discharge is a cause for concern worldwide, as they pose a potential threat to human health and the earth ecosystem. Penicillin and amoxicillin are widely used antibiotics. Despite their rapid hydrolysis in aqueous matrices, their presence in the environment is widely investigated. The current study reported and analysed the current state of four hospital wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Gonbad Kavous, Iran, during 2019, from the perspective of amoxicillin and penicillin G removals. WWTPs were sampled at various stages of the treatment process to determine at which stage the antibiotics are being removed. Concentrations of amoxicillin and penicillin G in raw wastewater, analysed by HPLC, varied from 0.35 to 1.02 and 0.02-0.31 /AgL-1, respectively. These values reduced in the final effluent, corresponding to overall efficiency in removing the studied antibiotics of 20-60.5%. Anaerobic processes (i.e. septic tank) slightly outperformed aerobic biological processes for both antibiotics' removal, and penicillin G was removed more efficiently than amoxicillin. Effects of wastewater physicochemical properties, including chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and total suspended solids (TSS) on antibiotics removal, were also studied. Whereas statistically significant correlations were noticed between COD, amoxicillin and penicillin G removals, their decline showed no correlation with TSS removal. Our study shows that despite the deployment of treatment plants, a considerable amount of antibiotics is released into receiving water bodies, resulting in significant amounts of these pharmaceuticals entering the environment. There is abundant room for further progress in the detection and quantification of pharmaceuticals and other emerging contaminants in hospital wastewaters and their metabolites and biodegradation products. Keywords: amoxicillin; penicillin G; high-performance liquid chromatography; hospital wastewater treatment plants; removal.

Septic Tank Sludges: Accumulation Rate and Biochemical Characteristics

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Philip ◽  
S. Maunoir ◽  
A. Rambaud ◽  
L. S. Philippi
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
System Failures ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Insoluble Particles ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Sanitation Systems

A three year field and investigative study carried out on 33 individual sanitation systems showed that the frequency of septic tank emptying could be at least 5 years, corresponding to a sludge accumulation rate of 0.21/user.day. This value should be included in the calculation of septic tank sizing. Other data showed within a septic tank the methanogenesis is only effective after 2 years of operation. Thereby a septic tank should not be desludged before this period of time. At last, among all the physico-chemical parameters monitored to study the sludge quality, the best indicators of system failures were both the solids (TS and VS) and soluble matter (COD and some VFA). Then, biochemical study of septic tank sludge showed that the main hydrolytic enzymes (cellulase, phosphatase, protease, lipase and urease) are present in septic tank sludges and linked to the insoluble particles. Their solubilization with different solvents (buffers, surfactants…) showed each enzyme was linked in a different way.

Decoration of specific sites on freeze-fractured membranes

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-141
Author(s):  
H. Gross ◽  
H. Moor
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Surface Forces ◽  
Sulfate Pentahydrate ◽  
Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Water Of Hydration ◽  
Small Container ◽  
Binding Forces

Fracturing under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV, p ≤ 10-9 Torr) produces membrane fracture faces devoid of contamination. Such clean surfaces are a prerequisite foe studies of interactions between condensing molecules is possible and surface forces are unequally distributed, the condensate will accumulate at places with high binding forces; crystallites will arise which may be useful a probes for surface sites with specific physico-chemical properties. Specific “decoration” with crystallites can be achieved nby exposing membrane fracture faces to water vopour. A device was developed which enables the production of pure water vapour and the controlled variation of its partial pressure in an UHV freeze-fracture apparatus (Fig.1a). Under vaccum (≤ 10-3 Torr), small container filled with copper-sulfate-pentahydrate is heated with a heating coil, with the temperature controlled by means of a thermocouple. The water of hydration thereby released enters a storage vessel.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document