Natural pozzolana addition effect on compressive strength and capillary water absorption of Mortar

The study on the substitution for natural coarse aggregates using waste CRT funnel glass in spherically shapes is still limited. In this paper, the waste CRT glass has been processed to form a spherical CRT glass (GS) and crushed CRT glass (GC), which were used as a coarse aggregate in concrete production. Results indicated that the inclusion of GS and GC has lower the compressive strength and decreased the rate of capillary water absorption of concrete. It was demonstrated that the morphology properties of GS and GC (shape, surface texture, size, grading) is significantly affected the concrete properties.

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3-Aminopropyl-Triethoxysilane Functionalized Graphene Oxide for Silane-Based Consolidation Treatments to Increase Mortar Performances

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ◽

10.1166/jnn.2021.18958 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 2351-2359

Author(s):

C. Cadar ◽

C. I. Fort ◽

A. Mihis ◽

Zs. Kedves ◽

K. Magyari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Graphene Oxide ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Untreated Control ◽

Mechanical Tests ◽

Capillary Absorption ◽

Capillary Water ◽

Functionalized Graphene Oxide ◽

Capillary Water Absorption ◽

Control Samples

The influence of chemically converted GO (graphene oxide) functionalized with APTES (3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane) and unfunctionalized GO, dispersed in ethanolic solution of TEOS (tetraethyl orthosilicate), on the performances of the mortar samples, such as capillary water absorption and compressive strength was evaluated. The effect of the GO based nanomaterials (GO and GO functionalized with APTES) on the mortar microstructure was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The multifunctionality of the mortar brushed with GO based nanomaterials consolidation suspension was proved by the results (i) of the mechanical tests which show an improvement of the compressive strength and (ii) the capillary water absorption results which indicate the decreasing of the water penetration speed. For the mortar samples brushed with GO consolidation suspension, an increase value for the compressive strength of approximately twice compared to the untreated control samples and a decreased value for the capillary absorption water coefficient with one order of magnitude in comparison with the untreated control samples were obtained.

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Use of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) powder and granules as aggregate replacement in concrete mixtures

Science and Engineering of Composite Materials ◽

10.1515/secm-2014-0094 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 209-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hakan Bolat ◽

Pınar Erkus

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Polyvinyl Chloride ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

High Strength ◽

Capillary Water ◽

Capillary Water Absorption ◽

Concrete Mixtures ◽

Compressive Strength Test

AbstractConcrete is one of the materials in which polymer wastes are utilized. Generally, these wastes are added at specific rates in scientific studies but an important problem of waste polymers is size irregularity. Even when consistent dosage rates are used, variations in polymer size can lead to variability in the physical and mechanical properties of the concrete produced. The aim of this study is to determine physical and mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-containing concretes. In order to produce normal and high strength concretes, 10%, 20%, and 30% replacement ratios of PVC powder and granules by volume of aggregate are used. Slump, fresh and hardened densities, compressive strength, capillary water absorption, and abrasion were tested on all concrete types. As the PVC ratio increases, important changes are seen in all physical and mechanical concrete properties. The unit weights of the 10%, 20%, and 30% replacement PVC powder concretes are lower by ∼4%, 8%, and 13%, respectively, as compared to the reference mixtures, and the replacement PVC granule concretes are lower by ∼2%, 4%, and 7%. Compressive strength test results showed similar trends. As PVC replacement increases, the capillary water absorption decreases between 10% and 50%, and abrasion decreases between 27% and 77%.

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Influence of Crystalline Admixtures on the Short-Term Behaviour of Mortars Exposed to Sulphuric Acid

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12010082 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 82 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Victoria García-Vera ◽

Antonio Tenza-Abril ◽

José Saval ◽

Marcos Lanzón

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Absorption Coefficient ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Sulphuric Acid ◽

Cementitious Materials ◽

Pulse Velocity ◽

Capillary Water ◽

Short Term ◽

Water Absorption Coefficient ◽

Capillary Water Absorption

Using durable materials is a sustainable solution for extending the lifetime of constructions. The use of crystalline admixtures makes cementitious materials more durable. They plug pores, capillary tracts and microcracks, blocking the entrance of water due to the formation of crystals that prevent the penetration of liquids. The literature has covered the performance of these admixtures on concrete, but studies on mortars are still scarce. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of an aggressive environment (sulphuric acid solution—3 wt%) on mortars produced with different percentages of a crystalline admixture (1%, 1.5% and 2% by weight of cement content). Physical and mechanical properties were studied after immersing the mortars in a H2SO4 solution for 90 days. It was found that, after a 90-day sulphuric acid exposure, mortars with the crystalline admixture showed greater compressive strength than the control mortar, besides exhibiting lower mass loss. However, the crystalline admixture did not produce any significant effect on the capillary water absorption coefficient. In a nonaggressive environment, and in the short term, the crystalline admixture did not have a significant effect on the compressive strength, the capillary water absorption coefficient or the ultrasonic pulse velocity.

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Properties of Self-Compacting Mortar Containing Slag with Different Finenesses

Civil Engineering Journal ◽

10.28991/cej-2021-03091694 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 840-856

Author(s):

Said Kenai ◽

Siham Hammat ◽

Belkacem Menadi ◽

Jamal Khatib ◽

El-Hadj Kadri

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Yield Stress ◽

Autogenous Shrinkage ◽

The Other ◽

Mineral Admixtures ◽

Rheological Parameters ◽

Capillary Water ◽

Capillary Water Absorption ◽

Slump Flow

It is well established that Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) contains large amounts of fines including mineral admixtures, such as fly ash and slag, in order to avoid segregation and to increase cohesion. The use of these materials in concrete reduces CO2 emissions and contributes towards sustainable construction. To overcome the negative effect of slag on the strength development slag was ground to three finenesses. Therefore, this paper examines the rheological, compressive strength, total and autogenous shrinkage and capillary water absorption of Self-Compacting Mortars (SCM) containing ground granulated blast furnace Slag (S). A total of seven mortar mixes were prepared. The control mix had a proportion of 1 (cement): 1.8 (sand): 0.38 (water). In the other mixes, the cement was partially replaced with 15% and 30% slag of different fineness of 350, 420, and 500 m2/kg. The other constituents remained unchanged. Testing included slump flow, V-funnel flow time, yield stress and viscosity, compressive strength, total and autogenous shrinkage, and capillary water absorption. The presence of slag was found to reduce the plastic viscosity and yield stress of SCM mixtures as the content and the fineness increase. The higher the fineness (specific surface) of the slag the less the rheological parameters (i.e. slump flow and viscosity). The results show also a reduction in compressive strength of SCM at early ages of curing in the presence of slag. However, in the long-term, the compressive strength of SCM mixtures containing slag was higher than that of control mortar. Generally, there is reduction in the total shrinkage and an increase in the autogenous shrinkage of SCM mixtures as the content and fineness increase. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091694 Full Text: PDF

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POROSITY, PERMEABILITY AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF FOAMED CONCRETE THROUGH SEM IMAGES

Journal of Civil Engineering Science and Technology ◽

10.33736/jcest.1434.2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 22-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. Shawnim ◽

F. Mohammad

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Pore Size ◽

High Porosity ◽

Capillary Water ◽

Sem Images ◽

Microstructural Investigation ◽

Capillary Water Absorption ◽

Foamed Concrete ◽

Percentage Ratio

This paper examined the foamed concrete (FC) for permeability of total and capillary water absorption, at 28 days of air sealed curing. The microstructure of 15 selected FC specimens was investigated to determine permeability in relation to porosity and density using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images. The FC specimens of the densities (1100, 1600, and 1800) kg/m3 were made using fine sand and brick aggregates with toner and MK inclusion as additives. The microstructural investigation of the FC revealed, porosity measure as a percentage ratio of the area under investigation to be in the range of (39.65 to 77.7) %. The pore size is in the range of (0.01 to 70) µm, depending on the type of additive, for the mixes containing toner and MK, it is in a fine range of (0.01 to 10.0) µm. For the FC specimens, the finer the pore size, the less permeable and the stronger it is. Permeability is porosity and strength dependent, whereby high porosity leads to high permeability and low compressive strength for FC mixes made with sand or brick only with no additive inclusion. Meanwhile, the FC mixes made with the inclusion of additives, such as the toner and MK20 mixes, showed an evenly spread net of independent air voids with a regular shape within their matrix, which is beneficial in decreasing permeability. Therefore, besides the porosity and strength, the fineness of the pore matrix and the shape factor of the pores are two other key factors in controlling permeability. Toner and MK20 inclusion can enhance the capillary water absorption to reach almost water tight. Besides, MK30 and MK50 inclusion displayed adverse effect on permeability. Depending on the type of filler, the additive, and the percentage ratio of the porosity of the FC matrix at (1600 and 1800) kg/m3 densities, it is possible to produce FC with compressive strength between (55.1 and 30) N/mm2.

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The Impact of Wood Waste Ash on Physical Mechanical Properties of Concrete

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/1203/3/032097 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1203 (3) ◽

pp. 032097

Author(s):

Marija Vaiciene ◽

Jurgita Malaiskiene

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Portland Cement ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Pulse Velocity ◽

Capillary Water ◽

Cement Concrete ◽

Capillary Water Absorption ◽

The Impact ◽

Ultrasound Pulse

Abstract In this work is analysing the impact of wood waste bottom ash (WWBA) on the physical mechanical properties of Portland cement concrete (PCC). WWBA is a waste generated in power plants during burning forest residues to produce energy and heat. In 2019, about 19,800 tons of WWBA was generated only in Lithuania. Usually, WWBA is disposed of in landfills, only 26% of WWBA is used in the construction or maintenance of local roads, because of that it is useful to know properties of such WWBA and to analyse possibilities of using it in cement concrete. In the chemical composition of such WWBA type was fixed a big amount ~50% of CO2. It is known, that C retards cement hydration. Due to stabilisation this process, it was used in the same amounts catalyst waste from oil cracking (FCCCw), which could accelerate hydration processes. Oil refineries worldwide generate more than 800,000 tonnes of FCCCw per year, of which around 20% in Europe and it is the big problem to landfill. In the investigation the amount of Portland cement (5-20% by mass) was replaced by mentioned wastes and properties of fresh PCC (density, slump, flow diameter) and physical mechanical properties of hardened PCC (water absorption, capillary water absorption, ultrasound pulse velocity, density, compressive strength after 28 days and 2 years curing, SEM) were established. It was determined, that by increasing amount of waste (till 20%) the workability of concrete decreases, because used wastes had higher water requirement. The best results were obtained, when 5% of cement was replaced by WWBA. Then compressive strength after 28 days curing comparing to control sample decreased 8%, but after 2 years curing it increased 1%, also the capillary water absorption decreased, denser structure was formed. The obtained results of hardened PCC density, ultrasound pulse velocity and water absorption are similar to control samples.

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Modeling Capillary Water Absorption in Concrete with Discrete Crack Network

Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering ◽

10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0002122 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 04017263 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Xinxin Li ◽

Shenghong Chen ◽

Qing Xu ◽

Yi Xu

Keyword(s):

Water Absorption ◽

Capillary Water ◽

Crack Network ◽

Capillary Water Absorption ◽

Discrete Crack

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Effects of Imposed Damage on the Capillary Water Absorption of Recycled Aggregate Concrete

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1155/2018/2890931 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Qi Gao ◽

Zhiming Ma ◽

Jianzhuang Xiao ◽

Fuan Li

Keyword(s):

Absorption Coefficient ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Recycled Aggregate Concrete ◽

Recycled Aggregate ◽

Capillary Absorption ◽

Capillary Water ◽

Aggregate Concrete ◽

Capillary Water Absorption ◽

Freeze Thaw ◽

Loading Level

Capillary water absorption of concrete is closely related to its pore structure, permeability, and durability. This paper intensively investigates the effects of imposed damage, including freeze-thaw damage and loading damage, on the capillary water absorption of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). Freeze-thaw cycle test, loading test, and the experiment of capillary water absorption were carried out, respectively. The results demonstrate that the addition of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) results in the increase in the capillary absorption behavior of RAC without imposed damage, and there exists a linear correlation between the behaviors of capillary water absorption and chloride penetration of RAC. The imposed freeze-thaw damage or load damage of RAC boosts with the increase of RCA replacement percentages after suffering the same freeze-thaw cycles or loading level. The imposed freeze-thaw damage and load damage further lead to the increase in the capillary water absorption of RAC, and the capillary absorption coefficient of RAC increases linearly with the increased RCA replacement percentages, after suffering the same freeze-thaw cycles or loading level. Furthermore, capillary absorption coefficient increases linearly with the growth of imposed freeze-thaw damage or load damage degree, which can be used to estimate the capillary absorption behavior of RAC exposed to the extreme environment.

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