scholarly journals The Impact of Wood Waste Ash on Physical Mechanical Properties of Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (3) ◽  
pp. 032097
Author(s):  
Marija Vaiciene ◽  
Jurgita Malaiskiene
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Capillary Water ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Capillary Water Absorption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ultrasound Pulse

Abstract In this work is analysing the impact of wood waste bottom ash (WWBA) on the physical mechanical properties of Portland cement concrete (PCC). WWBA is a waste generated in power plants during burning forest residues to produce energy and heat. In 2019, about 19,800 tons of WWBA was generated only in Lithuania. Usually, WWBA is disposed of in landfills, only 26% of WWBA is used in the construction or maintenance of local roads, because of that it is useful to know properties of such WWBA and to analyse possibilities of using it in cement concrete. In the chemical composition of such WWBA type was fixed a big amount ~50% of CO2. It is known, that C retards cement hydration. Due to stabilisation this process, it was used in the same amounts catalyst waste from oil cracking (FCCCw), which could accelerate hydration processes. Oil refineries worldwide generate more than 800,000 tonnes of FCCCw per year, of which around 20% in Europe and it is the big problem to landfill. In the investigation the amount of Portland cement (5-20% by mass) was replaced by mentioned wastes and properties of fresh PCC (density, slump, flow diameter) and physical mechanical properties of hardened PCC (water absorption, capillary water absorption, ultrasound pulse velocity, density, compressive strength after 28 days and 2 years curing, SEM) were established. It was determined, that by increasing amount of waste (till 20%) the workability of concrete decreases, because used wastes had higher water requirement. The best results were obtained, when 5% of cement was replaced by WWBA. Then compressive strength after 28 days curing comparing to control sample decreased 8%, but after 2 years curing it increased 1%, also the capillary water absorption decreased, denser structure was formed. The obtained results of hardened PCC density, ultrasound pulse velocity and water absorption are similar to control samples.

scholarly journals Effect of Portland Cement versus Sulphoaluminate Cement on the Properties of Blended Lime-Based Mortars Prepared by Carbide Slag

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1012
Author(s):  
Song Nie ◽  
Jianfeng Wang ◽  
Mingzhang Lan ◽  
Yali Wang ◽  
Qiaowei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Capillary Water ◽  
Capillary Water Absorption ◽  
Sulphoaluminate Cement ◽  
Carbide Slag ◽  
Green Development

In order to improve the properties of lime-based mortars and promote the green development of the construction industry, blended lime-based mortars were prepared by using carbide slag instead of hydrated lime, and the additions of Portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement were studied in our work. The paper focused on mechanical properties, porosity, capillary water absorption and drying shrinkage of both types of blended mortars. The chemical composition and microstructure of hydration products were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that sulphoaluminate cement provided more contributions to mechanical properties, capillary water absorption and early shrinkage compared to Portland cement.

Use of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) powder and granules as aggregate replacement in concrete mixtures

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Bolat ◽  
Pınar Erkus
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Capillary Water ◽  
Capillary Water Absorption ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Compressive Strength Test

AbstractConcrete is one of the materials in which polymer wastes are utilized. Generally, these wastes are added at specific rates in scientific studies but an important problem of waste polymers is size irregularity. Even when consistent dosage rates are used, variations in polymer size can lead to variability in the physical and mechanical properties of the concrete produced. The aim of this study is to determine physical and mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-containing concretes. In order to produce normal and high strength concretes, 10%, 20%, and 30% replacement ratios of PVC powder and granules by volume of aggregate are used. Slump, fresh and hardened densities, compressive strength, capillary water absorption, and abrasion were tested on all concrete types. As the PVC ratio increases, important changes are seen in all physical and mechanical concrete properties. The unit weights of the 10%, 20%, and 30% replacement PVC powder concretes are lower by ∼4%, 8%, and 13%, respectively, as compared to the reference mixtures, and the replacement PVC granule concretes are lower by ∼2%, 4%, and 7%. Compressive strength test results showed similar trends. As PVC replacement increases, the capillary water absorption decreases between 10% and 50%, and abrasion decreases between 27% and 77%.

scholarly journals Influence of Crystalline Admixtures on the Short-Term Behaviour of Mortars Exposed to Sulphuric Acid

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria García-Vera ◽  
Antonio Tenza-Abril ◽  
José Saval ◽  
Marcos Lanzón
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Capillary Water ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Water Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Capillary Water Absorption

Using durable materials is a sustainable solution for extending the lifetime of constructions. The use of crystalline admixtures makes cementitious materials more durable. They plug pores, capillary tracts and microcracks, blocking the entrance of water due to the formation of crystals that prevent the penetration of liquids. The literature has covered the performance of these admixtures on concrete, but studies on mortars are still scarce. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of an aggressive environment (sulphuric acid solution—3 wt%) on mortars produced with different percentages of a crystalline admixture (1%, 1.5% and 2% by weight of cement content). Physical and mechanical properties were studied after immersing the mortars in a H2SO4 solution for 90 days. It was found that, after a 90-day sulphuric acid exposure, mortars with the crystalline admixture showed greater compressive strength than the control mortar, besides exhibiting lower mass loss. However, the crystalline admixture did not produce any significant effect on the capillary water absorption coefficient. In a nonaggressive environment, and in the short term, the crystalline admixture did not have a significant effect on the compressive strength, the capillary water absorption coefficient or the ultrasonic pulse velocity.

scholarly journals Influence of Sawdust Particle Sizes on the Physico-Mechanical Properties of Unfired Clay Blocks

Designs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Nusrat Jannat ◽  
Rafal Latif Al-Mufti ◽  
Aseel Hussien ◽  
Badr Abdullah ◽  
Alison Cotgrave
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Capillary Water ◽  
Water Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Capillary Water Absorption ◽  
The Impact

Sawdust, which is a waste/by-product of the wood/timber industry, can be utilised as a valuable raw material in building material production due to its abundance and low cost. However, the application of sawdust in the manufacture of unfired clay blocks has received little investigation. Furthermore, the impact of different sawdust particle sizes on the properties of unfired clay blocks has not been studied. Therefore, this study screened sawdust at three different particle sizes: SP-a (212 μm < x < 300 μm), SP-b (425 μm < x < 600 μm) and SP-c (1.18 mm < x < 2.00 mm), to examine their effects on the physical and mechanical properties of unfired clay blocks. The density, linear shrinkage, capillary water absorption and flexural and compressive strengths were among the tests performed. Different sawdust percentages, i.e., 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% of the total weight of the clay, were considered. The tests results show that when sawdust was added to the mixture, the density of the samples reduced for all particle sizes. However, the linear shrinkage increased in SP-a samples but decreased in the other two particle size samples as the sawdust percentage increased from 2.5% to 10%. On the other hand, the capillary water absorption coefficient increased while the strength decreased with increasing sawdust content for all three groups. The highest compressive strength (CS) and flexural strength (FS) were achieved at 2.5% of sawdust content. Furthermore, it was observed that SP-b (CS—4.74 MPa, FS—2.00 MPa) samples showed the highest strength followed by SP-a (CS—4.09 MPa, FS—1.69 MPa) and SP-c (CS—3.90 MPa, FS—1.63 MPa) samples. Consequently, good-quality unfired clay blocks can be manufactured using sawdust up to 2.5% with particle sizes ranging between 600 and 425 μm.

scholarly journals The effect of silanes as integral hydrophobic admixture on the physical properties of cement based materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 2069 (1) ◽  
pp. 012045
Author(s):  
K Grabowska ◽  
A Wieczorek ◽  
D Bednarska ◽  
M Koniorczyk
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Organosilicon Compounds ◽  
Capillary Water ◽  
Main Ingredient ◽  
Capillary Water Absorption ◽  
Cement Based Materials

Abstract The paper explores the possibility of using organosilicon compounds (e.g., poly(dimethylsiloxane) and triethoxyoctylsilane) in commercial admixtures as internal hydrophobization agents for porous cement-based materials. The study involved the cement mortar with five different hydrophobic admixtures. Four of them is based on triethoxyoctylsilane, but with various concentration of the main ingredient, and one of them on poly(dimethylsiloxane). Mechanical properties, capillary water absorption, as well as microstructure were investigated. The organosilicon admixtures efficiently decrease the capillary water absorption even by 81% decreasing mechanical strength of cement mortar at the same time even by 55%. Only one admixture, based on poly(dimethylsiloxane) caused significant changes in microstructure of cement mortar.

The physico-mechanical properties of concrete with red-mud at high temperatures

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A. Alameri ◽  
Meral Oltulu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Control Specimen ◽  
Capillary Water ◽  
Capillary Water Absorption ◽  
The Right

Reuse of treated waste can provide significant environmental, social and economic benefits. It is necessary to use it in the right places while keeping the properties of the waste in mind. Aluminum-rich wastes such as red mud derived from bauxite may be used in places exposed to high temperatures. This article discusses the effects of high temperatures of 25, 200, 300, 400, 600 and 800°C and 3 hours of exposure on concrete samples replaced by red mud at 0, 10, 15 and 20%. To study the concrete’s mechanical and permeability properties, loss in weight, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, capillary water absorption and water permeability tests were performed for all mixes. Results were closer to those of the control specimen, which ultimately supported the use of red mud at a ratio of 10%.

Influence of Morphology of Cathode-Ray Tube Glass as Coarse Aggregates on Compressive Strength and Water Absorption of Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 399-409
Author(s):  
Nurul Noraziemah Mohd Pauzi ◽  
Maslina Jamil ◽  
Roszilah Hamid ◽  
Muhammad Fauzi Mohd Zain
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Capillary Water ◽  
Capillary Water Absorption ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Concrete Properties ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Cathode Ray Tube ◽  
Texture Size

The study on the substitution for natural coarse aggregates using waste CRT funnel glass in spherically shapes is still limited. In this paper, the waste CRT glass has been processed to form a spherical CRT glass (GS) and crushed CRT glass (GC), which were used as a coarse aggregate in concrete production. Results indicated that the inclusion of GS and GC has lower the compressive strength and decreased the rate of capillary water absorption of concrete. It was demonstrated that the morphology properties of GS and GC (shape, surface texture, size, grading) is significantly affected the concrete properties.

scholarly journals Some Mechanical Properties of Cement Treated Base (CTB) Incorporating Waste Portland Cement Concrete Under Different Corresponding Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.37) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Asst. Prof. Dr. Khawla H. H. Shubber ◽  
Eng. Sajjad Hashim Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Granular Materials ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Cement Content ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Cement Concrete

This research represents a trial of understanding and improving mechanical properties of base or subbase granular materials, used in pavement construction, stabilized with Portland cement known as cement treated base (CTB) in terms of density, optimum water content (O.W.C), and compression Strength of three curing ages (3, 7, 28) days under different situations. Different Portland cement percent of (0, 5, 7, 10, 12, and 15) % by weight were added to selected base course granular materials (type B according to local standard specification in Iraq). Results showed that the density of mixture increase with increasing added cement percent, while O.W.C takes its maximum value around 7% cement content, and compression strength increase with increasing cement content and curing age. Then effect of replacing 50% of natural granular materials by waste Portland cement concrete (WPCC) was investigated on the results of (0, 7& 15)% cement content on density, O.W.C and compression strength in the three curing ages. Results reveled although density of mixture cooperating WPCC for 0% cement content was higher, CTB of natural granular material were denser. On the other hand compressive strength decrease in case of using WPCC for all percent cement added and curing ages. Finally, effect of soaking in water on CTB with (7 &15)% cement compressive strength of three curing ages was studied, under three period of soaking (1 week, 2 weeks, &one month). Test results exposed that, CTB Compressive strength increase with increasing soaking period but still less than that of un-soaked and for all curing ages. For each test stage mathematics relationships with acceptable correlation were presented proofing test results tendency.  

3-Aminopropyl-Triethoxysilane Functionalized Graphene Oxide for Silane-Based Consolidation Treatments to Increase Mortar Performances

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 2351-2359
Author(s):  
C. Cadar ◽  
C. I. Fort ◽  
A. Mihis ◽  
Zs. Kedves ◽  
K. Magyari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Capillary Absorption ◽  
Capillary Water ◽  
Functionalized Graphene Oxide ◽  
Capillary Water Absorption ◽  
Control Samples

The influence of chemically converted GO (graphene oxide) functionalized with APTES (3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane) and unfunctionalized GO, dispersed in ethanolic solution of TEOS (tetraethyl orthosilicate), on the performances of the mortar samples, such as capillary water absorption and compressive strength was evaluated. The effect of the GO based nanomaterials (GO and GO functionalized with APTES) on the mortar microstructure was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The multifunctionality of the mortar brushed with GO based nanomaterials consolidation suspension was proved by the results (i) of the mechanical tests which show an improvement of the compressive strength and (ii) the capillary water absorption results which indicate the decreasing of the water penetration speed. For the mortar samples brushed with GO consolidation suspension, an increase value for the compressive strength of approximately twice compared to the untreated control samples and a decreased value for the capillary absorption water coefficient with one order of magnitude in comparison with the untreated control samples were obtained.

Mechanical Properties of Alite-Calcium Barium Sulphoaluminate Cement Concrete

2008 ◽  
Vol 400-402 ◽  
pp. 121-124
Author(s):  
Zong Hui Zhou ◽  
Ling Chao Lu ◽  
Xing Kai Gao ◽  
Xin Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Cement Paste ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Hardened Cement ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Hardened Cement Paste ◽  
Sulphoaluminate Cement

In this paper, preparation and mechanical properties of Alite-calcium barium sulphoaluminate (Alite-C2.75B1.25A3 ) cement concrete were studied. The results showed the compressive strength of Alite-C2.75B1.25A3 cement concrete was much higher than that of Portland cement concrete, especially the early-age compressive strength. The 24-hour compressive strength of Alite-C2.75B1.25A3 cement concrete could reach 22.81Mpa for w/c=0.45, 17.29Mpa for w/c=0.50 and 17.04Mpa for w/c=0.55 respectively. They were about 50 to 65 percent higher than those of Portland cement concrete. The 7-day compressive strength could reach about 80 to 90 percent of 28-day strength for Alite-C2.75B1.25A3 cement concrete. The 28-day strength could reach 55.85Mpa for w/c=0.45, 48.01Mpa for w/c=0.50 and 44.21Mpa for w/c=0.55 respectively. The results of SEM showed the interfaces between the hardened cement paste and aggregates in Alite-C2.75B1.25A3 cement concrete were more compact than those in Portland cement concrete. Distribution of particulate bulk was more uniformity and a majority of clinker particles was wrapped by hydrated gel in Alite-C2.75B1.25A3 concrete. And, the structure of Alite-C2.75B1.25A3 cement concrete was much more compact than that of Portland cement concrete.

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