The comparison of age- and sex-specific alteration in pubic bone microstructure: A cross-sectional cadaveric study

2021 ◽  
pp. 111375
Author(s):  
Jelena Jadzic ◽  
Jovana Mijucic ◽  
Slobodan Nikolic ◽  
Marija Djuric ◽  
Danijela Djonic
Keyword(s):  
Bone Microstructure ◽  
Cadaveric Study ◽  
Pubic Bone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Alteration ◽  
Age And Sex

scholarly journals Age- and sex-specific profiles of temporal fasting plasma glucose variability in a population undergoing routine health screening

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agyei Helena Lartey ◽  
Xiaona Li ◽  
Zhongqi Li ◽  
Qun Zhang ◽  
Jianming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Background Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) variability is a significant predictor of mortality, especially in patients with poor glycemic control. This study aimed to explore the temporal age- and sex-specific profiles of temporal FPG variability in a Chinese population undergoing routine health screening and to guide the development of targeted public health interventions for the prevention and control of diabetes. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we used a general linear model to compare differences in temporal FPG values between sexes and across age groups in 101,886 Nanjing residents who underwent a routine physical health examination at the Health Management Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, in 2018. The variability of FPG as a function of time, age, and sex, independently and in combination, was analyzed. Results The participants included 57,455 (56.4%) males and 44,431 (43.6%) females, with a mean ± SD age of 42.8 ± 15.0 years. The average ± SD FPG level was 5.5 ± 1.1 mmol/L. The monthly variation contributed to 22% of the overall FPG variability. A significant main effect for the age group was observed (F = 7.39, P < 0.05), with an excellent fitting effect (Eta-squared =0.15). The variability of FPG showed sex differences in the percentage difference of the coefficient of variation, which was 34.1% higher in males than females. There were significant interaction effects for month*age*sex and day*age*sex. Conclusions Temporal variability in FPG is evident in the general Chinese population and is affected by both age and sex. To avoid complications associated with FPG variability, interventions should be directed at females and males at specific ages for optimal control of FPG variability and to reduce the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular events.

scholarly journals AB0419 THE COEXISTENCE OF FAMILIAL MEDITERRANEAN FEVER (FMF) IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (SLE) PATIENTS - A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1509.1-1510
Author(s):  
T. Klein ◽  
S. Tiosano ◽  
A. Chohen ◽  
H. Amital
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Familial Mediterranean Fever ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediterranean Fever ◽  
Age And Sex

Background:Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by multisystem inflammatory lesions affecting many organ systems in the body. Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive disease of chronic autoimmune inflammation characterized by frequently relapsing self-limiting fever and inflammation that may be localized in peritoneum, pleura, joint or skin.1Previous studies have described the similarity of clinical symptoms of FMF among SLE patients. However, the literature on this topic is inconsistent and based mostly on case reports.2-4Objectives:To examine the proportions of coexistence of FMF among SLE patients compared to the general population. We hypothesized that the proportion of FMF among SLE patients is higher than the general population.Methods:This cross-sectional study used the Clalit Health Services database, the largest Health Maintenance Organization in Israel, serving 4,400,000 members. SLE patients were compared to age- and sex-matched controls. Chi- was used for univariate analysis.Results:The study included4886 SLEpatients and 24430 age- and sex-matched controls. The SLE group had a significantly higher proportion of FMF patients compared to non-SLE controls (0.68% and 0.21% respectively; p < 0.001).Table 1. All study populationTable 1.SLE patients and matched controls basic characteristicsNo SLESLEp.overallN=24430N=4886Age51.2±16.551.2±16.51.000Gender: Female20100 (82.3%)4020 (82.3%)1.000FMF52 (0.21%)33 (0.68%)<0.001Table 2. StratificationTable 2.comparison of FMF patients with and without SLEFMF without SLEFMF with SLEp.overallN=52N=33Age44.6±13.750.5±17.70.106Gender: Female45 (86.5%)26 (78.8%)0.523Conclusion:FMF was found to be more common amongst SLE patients compared to matched controls.The current study results suggest that the occurrence of SLE turn patients with an appropriate genetic and environmental setting to develop also FMF. This cross-sectional study sheds light on the coexistence of these two diseases, autoimmune and autoinflammatory.References:[1]Kucuk A, Gezer IA, Ucar R, Karahan AY. Familial mediterranean fever.Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove). 2014;57(3):97-104.[2]Lidar M, Zandman-Goddard G, Shinar Y, Zaks N, Livneh A, Langevitz P. SLE and FMF: A possible negative association between the two disease entities–report of four cases and review of the literature.Lupus. 2008;17(7):663-669.[3]Erten S, Taskaldiran I, Yakut ZI. Are systemic lupus erythematosus patients carrying MEFV gene less prone to renal involvement? report of three cases and review of the literature.Ren Fail. 2013;35(7):1013-1016.[4]Shinar Y, Kosach E, Langevitz P, et al. Familial mediterranean Fever gene (MEFV) mutations as a modifier of systemic lupus erythematosus.Lupus. 2012;21(9):993-998.Disclosure of Interests: :None declared

Age-Dependent Three-Dimensional Evaluation of the Spheno-Occipital Synchondrosis Using Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arezoo Jahanbin ◽  
Shirin Dokht Shirazi ◽  
Elaheh Kamyabnezhad ◽  
Neda Eslami ◽  
Seyed Hosein Hoseini Zarch
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Growth Center ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Ossification Process ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: The spheno‐occipital synchondrosis (SOS) is an important growth center which plays an important role in cranial base development and can define the final relation of SOS with the upper and lower jaws. The morphology and fusion degree of SOS varies in different ages among different populations. Objectives: Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the age and sex dependence of ossification of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis in the Iranian population using CBCT. Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study was performed on 517 CBCT images of 6- to 18-year-old patients in Mashhad, Iran. Patients with obvious pathology or fractures were excluded from the study. The SOS ossification was classified into four stages from 0 to 3. Two independent observers scored the images. The ossification stage of the SOS was classified according to the age and sex of the patients. Kruskal-Wallis and Kendall’s tau-b used for statistical analysis. Results: In this study, 517 samples of 260 females (50.3%) and 257 males (49.7%) with a mean age of 12.03 ± 3.74 years were examined. A significant difference did not exist between males and females regarding their stage of SOS ossification, although males were younger at the SOS transitional stages of 0 to 1, and 1 to 2 compared to females. Also, the SOS starts the ossification process at the age of 11 in females and 10.8 in males. Conclusions: The present study showed in the mean age of 16.81 ± 1.12 years, most subjects were in developmental stage 3. Due to the fact that in developmental stage 3 SOS closes, there were no passive maxillary growth after this time. In none of the SOS stages, females and males differed significantly in mean age (P > 0.05). The age of the onset of SOS closure in females was 11 years and in males it was about 10.8 years.

Foot Function in Patients With Surgically Treated Preaxial Polydactyly of the Foot Compared With Age- and Sex-Matched Healthy Controls

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-421
Author(s):  
Elise B. Burger ◽  
Shaktie A. Lalé ◽  
Steven E. R. Hovius ◽  
Christianne A. van Nieuwenhoven ◽  
Sicco A. Bus
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Foot Function ◽  
Peak Pressures ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Treatment of preaxial foot polydactyly, a duplication of the first ray, consists of excision of an extra ray, aiming to improve shoe fitting and aesthetic appearance, while maintaining foot function. Currently, the effect of excision on foot function and foot-related patient experiences is unclear. Methods: A cross-sectional comparison between 37 children treated for preaxial foot polydactyly and 37 age- and sex-matched healthy controls was performed. Dynamic foot function was assessed using plantar pressure measurements and static foot characteristics by physical examination. Patient-reported outcomes for foot function and footwear were evaluated, using the Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire for Children (score, 0-100). Results: Compared with controls, patients had significantly lower median peak pressures at the hallux (148 kPa [IQR, 98-245] vs 272 kPa [IQR, 205-381], P < .001) and significantly higher peak pressures at the second metatarsal (217 kPa [IQR, 147-338] vs 166 kPa [IQR, 141-235], P = .002) and third to fifth metatarsals (214 kPa [IQR, 147-290] vs 161 kPa [IQR, 135-235], P < .001). Additionally, patients had a more medially deviated hallux, both while seated (15 degrees (IQR, 11-20) vs 12 degrees [IQR, 10-15], P = .001) and standing (20 degrees [IQR, 15-26] vs 18 degrees [IQR, 15-20], P = .001). No significant correlation between peak pressure distribution and hallux deviation was found. Patients reported minimal problems with foot function (87.5 [IQR, 64.6-100]), but distinct problems with footwear use (50.0 [IQR, 25.0-100]). Conclusion: Patients with surgically treated preaxial foot polydactyly had a substantially altered plantar pressure distribution with more lateral foot progression than healthy controls. Although an increased hallux deviation was not related to altered foot function, it seemed to be the reason for the patient-perceived problems with footwear. Level of Evidence: Level III, comparative series.

scholarly journals Prevalence of overweight and obesity and anthropometric reference centiles for Albanian children and adolescents living in four Balkan nation-states

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Tarp ◽  
Juel Jarani ◽  
Florian Muca ◽  
Andi Spahi ◽  
Anders Grøntved
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Country Differences ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Background The extent of the obesity epidemic among youth is an important public health statistic which provides an indication of the future burden of non-communicable diseases. Many developing countries, including Albania, do not have systematic and repeated monitoring systems in operation. Methods The Balkan Survey of Inactivity in Children study is a population-based cross-sectional survey including Albanian children living in the four Balkan nation-states of Albania, Kosovo, FYR Macedonia and Montenegro. In total, 19,850 children from 49 schools were approached. The LMS method was used to provide body mass index (BMI), height, weight and waist circumference reference centiles for boys and girls. The World Health Organisation (WHO) and International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) age- and sex-specific BMI cut-points were applied to evaluate adiposity levels. Results A sample of 18,460 participants aged 6–16 years old was available for creation of the BMI for age and sex reference centiles. The prevalence of overweight (including obesity) in the full sample was 21% (95% CI: 20%–21%) according to IOTF cut-off points and 28% (95% CI: 28%–29%) at WHO cut-off points. Overweight/obesity levels where higher in boys than in girls irrespective of the cut-off points applied (p<0.001). Noticeable between-country differences were observed with a prevalence of overweight/obesity of 40% (95% CI: 38%–42%) in Montenegro but only 20% (95% CI: 19%–21%) in Kosovo (WHO cut-off points). Conclusions Overweight/obesity is highly prevalent in Albanian children and adolescents. The apparent sex and country differences may inform public health actions.

scholarly journals Role of Age and Sex in the Diagnosis of Early-stage Malignant Melanoma: A Cross-Sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 940-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Moreno-Ramírez ◽  
T Ojeda-Vila ◽  
J Ríos-Martín ◽  
A Nieto-García ◽  
L Ferrándiz
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Sex

scholarly journals Age and sex dependent variability of type 2 dopamine receptors in the human brain: A large-scale PET cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuulia Malén ◽  
Tomi Karjalainen ◽  
Janne Isojärvi ◽  
Aki Vehtari ◽  
Paul-Christian Bürkner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
Small Sample Sizes ◽  
Age And Sex

BACKGROUND: The dopamine system contributes to a multitude of functions ranging from reward and motivation to learning and movement control, making it a key component in goal-directed behavior. Altered dopaminergic function is observed in neurological and psychiatric conditions. Numerous factors have been proposed to influence dopamine function, but due to small sample sizes and heterogeneous data analysis methods in previous studies their specific and joint contributions remain unresolved. METHODS: In this cross-sectional register-based study we investigated how age, sex, body mass index (BMI), as well as cerebral hemisphere and regional volume influence striatal type 2 dopamine receptor (D2R) availability in the human brain. We analyzed a large historical dataset (n=156, 120 males and 36 females) of [11C]raclopride PET scans performed between 2004 and 2018. RESULTS: Striatal D2R availability decreased through age for both sexes and was higher in females versus males throughout age. BMI and striatal D2R availability were weakly associated. There was no consistent lateralization of striatal D2R. The observed effects were independent of regional volumes. These results were validated using two different spatial normalization methods, and the age and sex effects also replicated in an independent sample (n=135). CONCLUSIONS: D2R density is dependent on age and sex, which may contribute to the vulnerability of neurological and psychiatric conditions involving altering D2R expression.

scholarly journals The Impact of Adding Sugars to Milk and Fruit on Adiposity and Diet Quality in Children: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analysis of the Identification and Prevention of Dietary- and Lifestyle-Induced Health Effects in Children and Infants (IDEFICS) Study

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marika Dello Russo ◽  
Wolfgang Ahrens ◽  
Stefaan De Henauw ◽  
Gabriele Eiben ◽  
Antje Hebestreit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Idefics Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Age And Sex

Sugar, particularly as free sugars or sugar-sweetened beverages, significantly contributes to total energy intake, and, possibly, to increased body weight. Excessive consumption may be considered as a proxy of poor diet quality. However, no previous studies evaluated the association between the habit of adding sugars to “healthy” foods, such as plain milk and fresh fruit, and indicators of adiposity and/or dietary quality in children. To answer to these research questions, we Panalysed the European cohort of children participating in the IDEFICS study. Anthropometric variables, frequency of consumption of sugars added to milk and fruit (SAMF), and scores of adherence to healthy dietary pattern (HDAS) were assessed at baseline in 9829 children stratified according to age and sex. From this cohort, 6929 children were investigated again after two years follow-up. At baseline, a direct association between SAMF categories and adiposity indexes was observed only in children aged 6–<10 years, while the lower frequency of SAMF consumption was significantly associated with a higher HDAS. At the two year follow-up, children with higher baseline SAMF consumption showed significantly higher increases in all the anthropometric variables measured, with the exception of girls 6–<10 years old. The inverse association between SAMF categories and HDAS was still present at the two years follow-up in all age and sex groups. Our results suggest that the habit to adding sugars to foods that are commonly perceived as healthy may impact the adherence to healthy dietary guidelines and increase in adiposity risk as well.

Abstract P214: Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms are Associated with Coronary Artery Calcium. A Cross-sectional Analysis of Elsa-Brasil Baseline Data

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Itamar S Santos ◽  
Marcio S Bittencourt ◽  
Priscila T Rocco ◽  
Alexandre C Pereira ◽  
Sandhi M Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychopathological Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Prior mostly smaller studies of the association between symptoms of anxiety or depression and CAC have produced mixed results. Our aim was to investigate whether psychopathological symptoms and diagnoses of anxiety and depression were associated with coronary artery calcium (CAC) in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Design: Cross-sectional analysis Methods: We analyzed data from 4,279 ELSA-Brasil subjects (aged 35 to 74 years) from the São Paulo site who underwent CAC score assessment and who were without previous cardiovascular disease at baseline. Prevalent CAC was defined as a CAC score above zero. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Clinical Interview Schedule - Revised (CIS-R). We built binary logistic regression models to determine whether CIS-R scores, anxiety or depression were associated with prevalent CAC. Results: Prevalent CAC was found in 1,211 (28.3%) individuals. After adjustment for age and sex, a direct association between CIS-R scores and prevalent CAC was revealed (odds ratio [OR]:1.12; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]:1.04-1.22). This association persisted after multivariate adjustment for other cardiovascular risk factors (OR:1.11; 95%CI: 1.02-1.20). No independent associations were found for specific diagnoses of anxiety or depression and prevalent CAC. In post-hoc models, we found a significant interaction between age, CIS-R scores, and CAC (p=0.019), suggesting a stronger association in older individuals. Conclusions: Psychopathological symptoms were directly associated with coronary atherosclerosis in the ELSA-Brasil baseline. This association was evident after adjustment for age and sex, persisted in multivariate adjusted models, and seems to be stronger in older individuals.

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