scholarly journals Pyrolysis of agricultural waste biomass towards production of gas fuel and high-quality char: Experimental and numerical investigations

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 120611
Author(s):  
Agata Mlonka-Mędrala ◽  
Panagiotis Evangelopoulos ◽  
Małgorzata Sieradzka ◽  
Monika Zajemska ◽  
Aneta Magdziarz
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Numerical Investigations ◽  
Gas Fuel

Purification of dye-contaminated ethanol-water mixture using magnetic cellulose powders derived from agricultural waste biomass

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 117690
Author(s):  
Sijie Zhou ◽  
Liangjun Xia ◽  
Zhuan Fu ◽  
Chunhua Zhang ◽  
Xiangyu Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Waste Biomass

Research of pneumatic conveyor for overloading of fuel pellets

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
N. Spodyniuk ◽  
◽  
L. Horbachenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Fuel Pellets ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
Loading And Unloading

The constant development of the country's agricultural sector allows the production of biofuels, such as fuel pellets, from agricultural waste - straw, corn and sunflower husks. However, the transportation of fuel pellets is quite energy consuming. The process of loading and unloading, transportation over long distances requires complex mechanized equipment. The use of a pneumatic conveyor for grain reloading will allow to provide high-quality transportation of fuel pellets. The aim of the article was to investigate the operation of the pneumatic conveyor for overloading fuel pellets, to determine the optimal indicators that affect the productivity of the pneumatic conveyor. Since fuel pellets, as raw materials, are structurally similar to cereals, a study of the pneumatic grain conveyor PTZ-25 was conducted. The dependence of the productivity of the pneumatic conveyor on the lifting height h, m and the length of the pipelines L, m was obtained. The obtained results showed that by reducing the length of the pipelines by four times and the lifting height by half, the productivity of the pneumatic conveyor will increase by 1.15 times. Key words: fuel pellets, pneumatic conveyor, productivity

scholarly journals Conversion of Waste Agriculture Biomass to Bioethanol by Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-361
Author(s):  
A. A. Saleh ◽  
S. Hamdan ◽  
N. Annaluru ◽  
S. Watanabe ◽  
M. R. Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Protein Engineering ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Xylitol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Ethanol Conversion ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Coenzyme Specificity ◽  
Recombinant Yeasts

Agricultural waste biomass has already been transferred to bioethanol and used as energy related products, although many issues such as efficiency and productivity still to be overcome. In this study, the protein engineering was applied to generate enzymes with completely reversed coenzyme specificity and developed recombinant yeasts containing those engineered enzymes for construction of an efficient biomass-ethanol conversion system. Recombinant yeasts were constructed with the genes encoding a wild type xylose reductase (XR) and the protein engineered xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH) (with NADP) of Pichia stipitis.  These recombinant yeasts were characterized based on the enzyme activity and fermentation ability of xylose to ethanol. The protein engineered enzymes were expressed significantly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae as judged by the enzyme activity in vitro. Ethanol fermentation was measured in batch culture under anaerobic conditions. The significant enhancement was found in Y-ARS strain, in which NADP+-dependent XDH was expressed; 85% decrease of unfavorable xylitol excretion with 26% increased ethanol production, when compared with the reference strain expressing the wild-type XDH.  Keywords: Agricultural waste biomass; Protein engineering; Xylitol dehydrogenase; Xylose-fermentation; Eethanol production. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i2.2882               J. Sci. Res. 2 (2), 351-361 (2010) 

scholarly journals Continuous Fixed-Bed Column Studies on Congo Red Dye Adsorption-Desorption Using Free and Immobilized Nelumbo nucifera Leaf Adsorbent

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Vairavel Parimelazhagan ◽  
Gautham Jeppu ◽  
Nakul Rampal
Keyword(s):  
Congo Red ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Column Studies ◽  
Fixed Bed Column

The adsorption of Congo red (CR), an azo dye, from aqueous solution using free and immobilized agricultural waste biomass of Nelumbo nucifera (lotus) has been studied separately in a continuous fixed-bed column operation. The N. nucifera leaf powder adsorbent was immobilized in various polymeric matrices and the maximum decolorization efficiency (83.64%) of CR occurred using the polymeric matrix sodium silicate. The maximum efficacy (72.87%) of CR dye desorption was obtained using the solvent methanol. Reusability studies of free and immobilized adsorbents for the decolorization of CR dye were carried out separately in three runs in continuous mode. The % color removal and equilibrium dye uptake of the regenerated free and immobilized adsorbents decreased significantly after the first cycle. The decolorization efficiencies of CR dye adsorption were 53.66% and 43.33%; equilibrium dye uptakes were 1.179 mg g–1 and 0.783 mg g–1 in the third run of operation with free and immobilized adsorbent, respectively. The column experimental data fit very well to the Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models for the free and immobilized adsorbent with coefficients of correlation R2 ≥ 0.976 in various runs. The study concludes that free and immobilized N. nucifera can be efficiently used for the removal of CR from synthetic and industrial wastewater in a continuous flow mode. It makes a substantial contribution to the development of new biomass materials for monitoring and remediation of toxic dye-contaminated water resources.

scholarly journals A Review of Intermediate Pyrolysis as a Technology of Biomass Conversion for Coproduction of Biooil and Adsorption Biochar

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Deodatus Kazawadi ◽  
Justin Ntalikwa ◽  
Godlisten Kombe
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Soil Treatment ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Good For ◽  
Intermediate Pyrolysis ◽  
Microbial Attack

The agenda to utilize and efficiently convert biomass has been raised to alleviate environmental problems and pressure on the reliance on fossil fuel. Intermediate pyrolysis has the ability to treat different biomasses and coproduction of biooil and adsorption biochar. This review article aims to evaluate the appropriateness of intermediate pyrolysis for the coproduction of biooil and adsorption biochar. It was observed that coproduced biooil is of high quality, stable, and miscible that can be used directly to existing engines or be easily blended. The biochar coproduced is good for adsorption but is not stable for microbial attack and hence unsuitable in soil treatment but for hydrometallurgy. Since the process is capable of treating waste biomass, it is an opportunity for further investigations in areas where wastes are plenty and less utilized. To increase the effectiveness of this technology for coproduction, optimizing parameters, design of efficient reactors, and use of catalyst must be worked upon.

Microwave-Driven Biorefinery for Utilization of Food and Agricultural Waste Biomass

2018 ◽  
pp. 393-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuntaro Tsubaki ◽  
Jun-ichi Azuma ◽  
Satoshi Fujii ◽  
Rawel Singh ◽  
Bhaskar Thallada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Biomass

Corncob as a Substrate for the Cultivation of Lentinula Edodes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailong Yu ◽  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Lujun Zhang ◽  
Qiaozhen Li ◽  
Chunyan Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Mycelia Growth

Abstract Corncob is a major agricultural waste in the world. The study aims to evaluate the effect of using corncob as a substrate for Lentinula edodes cultivation, so as to provide an economic and eco-friendly approach to transform waste biomass into high quality edible mushrooms (whose original substrate - wood - is becoming difficult to obtain these days). 6 formulas containing gradient proportions of corncob and a sawdust control were applied (100 cultivation bed-log per group), and substrate chemical profile were monitored. Effects of formula on mycelia growth, yield, biological efficiency, and agronomic traits and nutritional profile of mushrooms were investigated. The formula composing of 50% corncob, 28% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, and 2% gypsum showed the best performance with the fastest mycelia growth, better log browning, the highest yield (722.08 g/log) and summit biological efficiency (80.23%). The determined carbon/nitrogen in this substrate was 66.84. Yields in groups using 18 ~ 58% corncob were significantly improved comparing to the sawdust control, indicating a strong boosting effects of corncob. Agronomic traits of fruit bodies, such as pileus and stipe sizes, were not much affected by tested formulas. However, addition of corncob had an influence on nutritional composition of mushrooms, the polysaccharide content in mushrooms peaked (4.51g/100g) when the substrate contains 40% corncob. These results revealed an excellent potential of corncob when used as a main substrate ingredient for L. edodes cultivation.

scholarly journals Bio-Pellet Fuel from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB): Using European Standards for Quality Testing

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Brunerová ◽  
Miroslav Müller ◽  
Vladimír Šleger ◽  
Himsar Ambarita ◽  
Petr Valášek
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches

The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) represents Indonesian major agriculture crop, nevertheless, its cultivation and processing results in an excessive amount of waste biomass, namely, empty fruit bunches (EFB), which is not always properly processed or reused. Therefore, the present investigation was performed to attract wide public interest in proper waste management and reuse of waste biomass. The suitability of such waste biomass for bio-pellet fuel production within its ecological EFB reuse was the subject of investigation. Its fuel parameters, mechanical quality and microscopic analysis represented the set of experimental testing performed within the target purpose. Satisfactory result values were stated within oil palm EFB fuel parameters, namely, moisture content Mc—7.07%, ash content Ac—9.41% and energy potential NCV—15.06 MJ∙kg−1. Mechanical analysis of the produced bio-pellet fuel proved outstanding results: Volume density ρ—1440.01 kg∙m−3 and mechanical durability DU—97.4% and 99.4% (according to ÖNORM M 7135 (2003) and ISO 17831-1 (2015)). Furthermore, results of compressive strength σ proved the requested high level; in simple pressure σp—10.83 MPa and in cleft σc—60.46 N·mm−1. Stereoscopic microscope measurements proved a prevalent proportion of fiber >97% within the feedstock content, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of bio-pellet samples diagnosed cracks purely on the outer surface, not within their internal structures, which indicated high quality compacted products. In conclusion, the overall evaluation indicates the production of environmental-friendly high quality bio-pellet fuel, thus, proving the suitability of oil palm EFB for the production of bio-pellet fuel.

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