scholarly journals The role of hepaticojejunostomy leaks after pancreatoduodenectomy in the increase of morbidity and mortality

HPB ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. S289
Author(s):  
O. Usenko ◽  
M. Nichitaylo ◽  
V. Kopchak ◽  
P. Ogorodnik ◽  
O. Lytvyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morbidity And Mortality

scholarly journals Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in the development of congenital heart diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. e000196
Author(s):  
Yue Wu ◽  
Xiaosi Jin ◽  
Yuhao Zhang ◽  
Jing Zheng ◽  
Rulai Yang
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Molecular Medicine ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Epigenetic Factors ◽  
Near Future

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common of congenital cardiovascular malformations associated with birth defects, and it results in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The classification of CHD is still elusive owing to the complex pathogenesis of CHD. Advances in molecular medicine have revealed the genetic basis of some heart anomalies. Genes associated with CHD might be modulated by various epigenetic factors. Thus, the genetic and epigenetic factors are gradually accepted as important triggers in the pathogenesis of CHD. However, few literatures have comprehensively elaborated the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of CHD. This review focuses on the etiology of CHD from genetics and epigenetics to discuss the role of these factors in the development of CHD. The interactions between genetic and epigenetic in the pathogenesis of CHD are also elaborated. Chromosome abnormalities and gene mutations in genetics, and DNA methylations, histone modifications and on-coding RNAs in epigenetics are summarized in detail. We hope the summative knowledge of these etiologies may be useful for improved diagnosis and further elucidation of CHD so that morbidity and mortality of children with CHD can be reduced in the near future.

Role of Image-Guided Percutaneous Drainage in Pancreatic Collections

2018 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Katayoun Samadi ◽  
Ronald Arellano
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Percutaneous Drainage ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Gastrointestinal Conditions

AbstractAcute pancreatitis is one of the major gastrointestinal conditions that lead to around 300,000 hospital admissions per year in the United States. While mild inflammation of the pancreas is often managed conservatively, progression of the disease process to necrosis significantly increases the overall morbidity and mortality and often requires surgical or other interventional techniques for management. The purpose of this review is to describe the role of percutaneous drainage for the management of complicated pancreatitis.

scholarly journals Role of Brain Natriuretic Peptide assay in identifying children with pneumonia complicated by congestive cardiac failure

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-188
Author(s):  
Wilson E. Sadoh ◽  
Wilson O. Osarogiagbon
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Cardiac Failure ◽  
Congestive Cardiac Failure ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality

Background: Pneumonia in children is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. It is often complicated by Congestive Cardiac Failure (CCF), with some of the symptoms similar to those of pneumonia. Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) assay can differentiate cardiac from respiratory-related causes of respiratory distress. Objective: To determine the role of BNP in differentiating isolated pneumonia from pneumonia complicated by CCF. Methods: Over a 12-month period, consecutive children with radiologically-confirmed pneumonia were recruited for the study. Those with complicating CCF were noted. All the children had blood BNP assay done by ELISA, prior to treatment. Biodata was obtained and the children were grouped into those with isolated pneumonia and those with pneumonia complicated by CCF. Results: Fifty children were recruited; of these 26 (52.0%) had isolated pneumonia while 24 (48.0%) had pneumonia with CCF. The median age of the children was 6 months. The median BNP values for the isolated pneumonia group (229.4 ng/l), was significantly lower than that of pneumonia complicated by CCF group (917.3 ng/l); (p = 0.007). ROC showed that a BNP value >550ng/l could identify children with pneumonia complicated with CCF from those with isolated pneumonia with a sensitivity of 70.4% and specificity of 63.4%. Conclusion: A BNP assay prior to treatment of >550ng/l can differentiate children with pneumonia complicated with CCF from those without CCF.

scholarly journals ROLE OF CARDIAC MARKERS IN CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE PATIENTS.

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-82
Author(s):  
Ramesh Chandra Thanna ◽  
B K Agarwal ◽  
Rakesh Romday ◽  
Neha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are known as important reasons of the increased morbidity and mortality observed in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). The association of serum Interlukin-6 , homocysteine as well as other cardiovascular risk factors in relation to existence and cause of CVD were investigated. Method: In this study 200 CRF patients were recruited and further stratified into group with Male and Female as case groups. Those without renal failure were assigned as control group (n=200). Results: The patients with CRF showed a significant increase in plasma levels of Cpk-MB homocysteine and C-reactive protein (CRP) compared to control. The positive association were observed between homocysteine, Urea and Hs-CRP, IL_6 . It shows a significant Association of parameters in CRF . Conclusion: The results demonstrated elevation in plasma values IL-6 , homocysteine and HS-CRP in patients with CRF . However, these modifications may be lead to atherosclerosis and consequence CVD event. These parameters may be important with respect to the high morbidity and mortality of CVD found in patients with CRF.

scholarly journals Mucormycosis in CAPA, a Possible Fungal Super-Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 708
Author(s):  
Paola Saltini ◽  
Emanuele Palomba ◽  
Valeria Castelli ◽  
Marco Fava ◽  
Laura Alagna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Infection ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
First Case ◽  
Super Infection

The occurrence of pulmonary fungal superinfection due to Aspergillus spp. in patients with COVID-19 is a well-described complication associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This can be related to a directed effect of the virus and to the immunosuppressive role of the therapies administered for the disease. Here, we describe the first case of pulmonary infection due to Mucorales occurring in a patient with a concomitant diagnosis of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis.

scholarly journals The Role of Expanded Coverage of the National Vitamin A Program in Preventing Morbidity and Mortality among Preschool Children in India

2009 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 208S-212S ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Semba ◽  
Saskia de Pee ◽  
Kai Sun ◽  
Martin W. Bloem ◽  
V. K. Raju
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality

scholarly journals The role of zinc supplementation for diarrhoea in children: a critical review

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-195
Author(s):  
Wulandari Berliani Putri ◽  
Syaefudin Ali Akhmad ◽  
Sufi Desrini
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Study Selection

Background: Nearly 1.7 million children suffer from diarrhoea and around 760,000 die each year. The high prevalence of diarrhoea in the developing countries is closely related to lack of safe drinking water, inadequate sanitation and hygiene, and poor health and nutritional status. These environmental conditions facilitate the spread of infectious disease easily. The great morbidity and mortality of this preventable and treatable disease raise concern on how to save children from this fatal disease by improving management of diarrhoea. Several studies suggest that zinc deficiency contribute towards high morbidity and mortality in diarrhoea. Further, there is an area of uncertainty regarding how significant zinc supplementation will help to reduce the duration and severity of diarrhoea in children compared to the diarrhoea management without zinc? Objective: To critically analyse the current evidences of zinc supplementation in diarrhoea. Data Sources: Keywords searching through MEDLINE Ovid database and additional references from retrieved articles. Study Selection: Limited to randomized controlled trial(RCT) study design and systematic review studies which were conducted from 2006 to 2016. However, there is one prospective cohort study included as it is a follow-up of subjects who participated in the previous double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Data Synthesis: This review involves a summary of 10 articles that have been appraised on their relevance in evaluating the role of zinc in reducing severity and duration of diarrhoea in children. Further, the literature found is synthesised through method used in the studies and the effectiveness of zinc therapy Conclusion: Zinc is relatively safe to be used and it can improve diarrhoea management especially in developing countries. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(2) 2019 p.190-195

scholarly journals The role of the liver in the migration of parasites of global significance

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendoline Deslyper ◽  
Derek G. Doherty ◽  
James C. Carolan ◽  
Celia V. Holland
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Host Immunity ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Different Tissues

Abstract Many parasites migrate through different tissues during their life-cycle, possibly with the aim to enhance their fitness. This is true for species of three parasite genera of global importance, Ascaris, Schistosoma and Plasmodium, which cause significant global morbidity and mortality. Interestingly, these parasites all incorporate the liver in their life-cycle. The liver has a special immune status being able to preferentially induce tolerance over immunity. This function may be exploited by parasites to evade host immunity, with Plasmodium spp. in particular using this organ for its multiplication. However, hepatic larval attrition occurs in both ascariasis and schistosomiasis. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in hepatic infection could be useful in developing novel vaccines and therapies for these parasites.

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