Application of a decanter centrifuge for casein fractionation on pilot scale: Effect of operational parameters on total solid, purity and yield in solid discharge

A continuous pilot scale study has been conducted to investigate the effectiveness of anaerobic digestion of biological sludge. The sludge has a total solid content of 0.53% - 1.1%, pH of 7.20 to 7.32. Its organic content is about 97 %, The research were conducted in two stages, which are acidification (performed in 3 m3 the Continously Stirred Tank Reactor/CSTR at pH of 5.5 to 6.0) and methanation (performed in 5 m3 the Up Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket/UASB reactor at pH 6.5 to 7.0). The retention time (RT) was gradually shortened from 6 days to 1 day for acidification and from 8 days to 2 days for methanation. The results showed that operating the CSTR at the RT of 1 day and the organic loading of 8.23 g Volatile Solid (VS)/m3.day could produce Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) at an average value of 17.3 g/kg VS.day. Operating the UASB reactor at the RT of 2 days and the organic loading (Chemical Oxygen Demand/COD) of 2.4 kg COD/m3.day could produce biogas at an average value of 66.3 L/day, with an average methane content of 69.9%, methane rate of 0.17 L CH4/g COD reduction or 19.06 L CH4/kg VS. Furthermore, methanation could reduce COD at an average value of 51.2 %, resulting in the effluent average value of COD filtrate and COD total of 210.1 mg/L and 375.2 mg /L, respectively.Keywords: acidification, methanation, CSTR, UASB, biogas ABSTRAKPercobaan digestasi anaerobik lumpur IPAL biologi industri kertas secara kontinyu skala pilot telah dilakukan di industri kertas dengan tujuan mengkaji efektivitas proses digestasi anaerobik dalam mengolah lumpur tersebut. Lumpur yang digunakan memiliki total solids sekitar 0,53% – 1,1%, pH netral (7,20 – 7,32) dengan komponen utama senyawa organik sekitar 97%. Percobaan dilakukan dalam dua tahap yaitu asidifikasi dalam reaktor CSTR berkapasitas 3 m3 pada pH 5,5 – 6,0 dan metanasi dalam reaktor UASB berkapasitas 5 m3 pada pH 6,5 – 7,0. Percobaan dilakukan dengan waktu retensi yang dipersingkat secara bertahap dari 6 hari ke 1 hari untuk proses asidifikasi dan dari 8 hari ke 2 hari untuk proses metanasi. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pengoperasian reaktor CSTR dengan waktu retensi 1 hari dan beban organik 8,3 g VS/m3.hari dapat menghasilkan VFA rata-rata 17,3 g/kg VS.hari dengan kisaran 8,36 – 30,59 g/kg VS.hari, sedangkan pengoperasian reaktor UASB pada waktu retensi 2 hari dan beban organik 2,4 kg COD/m3.hari dapat menghasilkan biogas rata-rata 66,3 L/hari dengan kadar metana rata-rata 69,9% atau 0,17 L CH4/g COD reduksi atau 19,06 L CH4/kg VS. Selain itu proses metanasi dapat menurunkan COD terlarut rata-rata 51,2%, dengan konsentrasi efluen COD terlarut rata-rata 210,1 mg/L dan COD total rata-rata 375,2 mg/L.Kata kunci: asidifikasi, metanasi, CSTR, UASB, biogas

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Application of a temperature-controlled decanter centrifuge for the fractionation of αS-, β- and κ-casein on pilot scale

International Dairy Journal ◽

10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.105148 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105148

Author(s):

Thomas Schubert ◽

Irem Ergin ◽

Fiona Panetta ◽

Jörg Hinrichs ◽

Zeynep Atamer

Keyword(s):

Pilot Scale ◽

Temperature Controlled ◽

Decanter Centrifuge

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A Field Pilot Study on Treating Groundwater Contaminated with Sulfolane Using UV/H2O2

Water ◽

10.3390/w12041200 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 1200 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Linlong Yu ◽

Sobhan Iranmanesh ◽

Ian Keir ◽

Gopal Achari

Keyword(s):

Water Flow ◽

Cost Model ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Process Efficiency ◽

Contaminated Groundwater ◽

Operational Parameters ◽

Flow Rates ◽

Electrical Energy Per Order ◽

H2o2 System

Sulfolane is an emerging contaminant in the groundwater and soil nearby gas plants, which has attracted much attention from many researchers and regulatory agencies in the past ten years. In this paper, a field pilot-scale ultraviolet (UV)/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) system was investigated for treating sulfolane contaminated groundwater. Different groundwater, as well as different operational parameters such as influent sulfolane concentration, H2O2 dosage, and water flow rates, were studied. The results showed that a pilot-scale UV/H2O2 system can successfully treat sulfolane contaminated groundwater in the field, although the presence of iron and other groundwater limited the process efficiency. The lowest electrical energy per order of reduction for treating sulfolane in groundwater by using the pilot-scale UV/H2O2 system was 1.4 kWh m−3 order−1. The investigated sulfolane initial concentrations and the water flow rates did not impact the sulfolane degradation. The enhancement of sulfolane degradation in an open reservoir by adding ozone was not observed in this study. Furthermore, an operational cost model was formulated to optimize the dosage of H2O2, and a stepwise procedure was developed to determine the power necessary of the UV unit.

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Full-scale performance of selected starch-based biodegradable polymers in sludge dewatering and recommendation for applications

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2017.476 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 77 (1) ◽

pp. 7-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kuangxin Zhou ◽

Johan Stüber ◽

Rabea-Luisa Schubert ◽

Christian Kabbe ◽

Matthias Barjenbruch

Keyword(s):

Biodegradable Polymers ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Full Scale ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽

Operational Parameters ◽

Sludge Dewatering ◽

Dewatered Sludge ◽

Green Polymers

Abstract Agricultural reuse of dewatered sludge is a valid route for sludge valorization for small and mid-size wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) due to the direct utilization of nutrients. A more stringent of German fertilizer ordinance requires the degradation of 20% of the synthetic additives like polymeric substance within two years, which came into force on 1 January 2017. This study assessed the use of starch-based polymers for full-scale dewatering of municipal sewage sludge. The laboratory-scale and pilot-scale trials paved the way for full-scale trials at three WWTPs in Germany. The general feasibility of applying starch-based ‘green’ polymers in full-scale centrifugation was demonstrated. Depending on the sludge type and the process used, the substitution potential was up to 70%. Substitution of 20–30% of the polyacrylamide (PAM)-based polymer was shown to achieve similar total solids (TS) of the dewatered sludge. Optimization of operational parameters as well as machinery set up in WWTPs is recommended in order to improve the shear stability force of sludge flocs and to achieve higher substitution potential. This study suggests that starch-based biodegradable polymers have great potential as alternatives to synthetic polymers in sludge dewatering.

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Addition of Bacillus sp. inoculums in bedding for swine on a pilot scale: Effect on microbial population and bedding temperature

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2012.06.033 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 121 ◽

pp. 127-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

É.K. Corrêa ◽

R.R. Ulguim ◽

L.B. Corrêa ◽

D.D. Castilhos ◽

I. Bianchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scale Effect ◽

Microbial Population ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Bacillus Sp

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Thermal catalytic cracking of crude palm oil at pilot scale: Effect of the percentage of Na2CO3 on the quality of biofuels

Industrial Crops and Products ◽

10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.06.033 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 91 ◽

pp. 32-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

A.A. Mancio ◽

K.M.B. da Costa ◽

C.C. Ferreira ◽

M.C. Santos ◽

D.E.L. Lhamas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scale Effect ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Catalytic Cracking ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Crude Palm Oil

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Long-term studies on hybrid ceramic microfiltration for treatment of surface water containing high dissolved organic matter

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2013.194 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 246-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. Abeynayaka ◽

C. Visvanathan ◽

S. Khandarith ◽

T. Hashimoto ◽

H. Katayama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Treatment ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Water Treatment Plant ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Transmembrane Pressure ◽

Raw Water ◽

Operational Parameters ◽

Polyaluminum Chloride ◽

Filtration Cycle

This long-term pilot-scale study on the performance of ceramic microfiltration (CMF) was conducted at the Bangkhen water treatment plant (BWTP), with the raw water from Chaophraya River, Thailand. Raw water turbidity and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were varied in the ranges of 20–210 NTU and 3.0–8.5 mg/L respectively. The hybrid pilot-scale CMF (Pilot-CMF) operational parameters were optimized with the aid of jar-tests and laboratory-scale CMF (Lab-CMF) operations. The systems were operated with various polyaluminum chloride dosages and filtration cycle times. Pilot-CMF provided excellent steady turbidity removal compared to the conventional water treatment process. DOC removal percentages of Pilot-CMF and the conventional process at the BWTP were 49% and 30% respectively. With different coagulant dosages, unique patterns in transmembrane pressure (TMP) variations were observed. The daily TMP increment under low turbidity conditions was 0.08 kPa/day. During rainy periods (turbidity over 100 NTU) the TMP increment reached 0.79 kPa/day. However, once the turbidity of raw water reaches normal conditions (30–60 NTU at the BWTP) the Pilot-CMF system recovers the TMP increment due to efficient backwashing.

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The Monitoring and Control of Burners Co-Firing Coal and Biomass

Volume 1: 24th Conference on Mechanical Vibration and Noise, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/detc2012-70237 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. Valliappan ◽

K. Jagiełło ◽

S. J. Wilcox

Keyword(s):

Control System ◽

Low Cost ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Test Facility ◽

Data Sets ◽

Monitoring And Control ◽

Operational Parameters ◽

Monitoring And Control System ◽

Flame Monitoring ◽

And Control

The monitoring and control of combustion systems co-firing coal and biomass is a critical consideration when aiming to increase the proportion of biomass being combusted. This is because it is likely that the combustion will become increasingly unstable as the biomass proportion increases. In order to develop a flame monitoring and control system, flame signal data sets were collected from combustion measurements taken on a 500kW pilot scale combustion test facility. The sensors used were photodiodes with sensitivities in the UV, visible and IR wavelengths. The analysis of these data, identified flame features that can be related to operational parameters such as flame stability, excess air level, NOx and CO emissions. These features were then applied in the development of an intelligent flame monitoring and optimisation system for individual burners based on these low cost sensors. The testing of the monitoring and control system on a pilot scale burner and at full scale are described in this paper.

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Production of Biogas from Palm Oil Mill Effluent at Pilot Scale: Effect of Recycle Sludge

Oriental Journal Of Chemistry ◽

10.13005/ojc/340118 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 161-168 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Bambang Trisakti ◽

Seri Maulina ◽

Hiroyuki Daimon

Keyword(s):

Scale Effect ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽

Palm Oil Mill

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Investigation of factors affecting on the anaerobic degradation of organic waste

Science and Technology Development Journal ◽

10.32508/stdj.v19i3.473 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 108-117

Author(s):

Hoang Cong Phan ◽

Ngoc Van Kim Phan ◽

Hoa Thi Pham

Keyword(s):

Solid Waste ◽

Water Hyacinth ◽

Anaerobic Degradation ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Total Solid ◽

Methane Yield ◽

Cow Manure ◽

Operational Parameters ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Degradation Reactions

Although anaerobic degradation reactions of organic waste are feasible, and have been studied since 1990. However, until now, optimizing the reaction rate to get the highest methane yield is still needed. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the operational parameters. The goal of this study is to investigate the impacts of temperature, ratio of solid waste and innoculum, and total solid percentage to the anaerobic degradation reactions. Solid waste was the mixture of water hyacinth (representative of plant components in the organic waste stream) and cow manure (ratio of water hyacinth: cow manure = 2:1). The mixture was composted until getting a homogenous texture in order to facilitate for the anaerobic digestion process. Two temperature conditions (55 oC and 37 oC), three solid wasteinoculum (S:I) ratios (1:2, 2:1, 1:1) and five percentages of total solid (30 %, 24 %, 18 %, 14 %, 10 %) were investigated. The result indicated that in the thermophilic condition (55 oC), 24 % TS, and S:I ratio of 1:2, the reactor generated the highest methane yield after 30 days.

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