Characterization of extracts from winery by-products with antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea

Olive trees constitute one of the largest agroindustries in the Mediterranean area, and their cultivation generates a diverse pool of biomass by-products such as olive tree pruning (OTP), olive leaves (OL), olive stone (OS), and extracted olive pomace (EOP). These lignocellulosic materials have varying compositions and potential utilization strategies within a biorefinery context. The aim of this work was to carry out an integral analysis of the aqueous extractives fraction of these biomasses. Several analytical methods were applied in order to fully characterize this fraction to varying extents: a mass closure of >80% was reached for EOP, >76% for OTP, >65% for OS, and >52% for OL. Among the compounds detected, xylooligosaccharides, mannitol, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol, and hydroxytyrosol were noted as potential enhancers of the valorization of said by-products. The extraction of these compounds is expected to be more favorable for OTP, OL, and EOP, given their high extractives content, and is compatible with other utilization strategies such as the bioconversion of the lignocellulosic fraction into biofuels and bioproducts.

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Extraction and Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Terpenes Recovered from Olive Leaves Using a New Adsorbent-Assisted Supercritical CO2 Process

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10061301 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1301

Author(s):

Zully J. Suárez Montenegro ◽

Gerardo Álvarez-Rivera ◽

Jose A. Mendiola ◽

Elena Ibáñez ◽

Alejandro Cifuentes

Keyword(s):

Aluminum Oxide ◽

Silica Gel ◽

Supercritical Co2 ◽

Olive Leaves ◽

Fractionation Process ◽

Selective Enrichment ◽

Adsorption Desorption ◽

First Time ◽

By Products

This work reports the use of GC-QTOF-MS to obtain a deep characterization of terpenoid compounds recovered from olive leaves, which is one of the largest by-products generated by the olive oil industry. This work includes an innovative supercritical CO2 fractionation process based on the online coupling of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and dynamic adsorption/desorption for the selective enrichment of terpenoids in the different olive leaves extracts. The selectivity of different commercial adsorbents such as silica gel, zeolite, and aluminum oxide was evaluated toward the different terpene families present in olive leaves. Operating at 30 MPa and 60 °C, an adsorbent-assisted fractionation was carried out every 20 min for a total time of 120 min. For the first time, GC-QTOF-MS allowed the identification of 40 terpenoids in olive leaves. The GC-QTOF-MS results indicate that silica gel is a suitable adsorbent to partially retain polyunsaturated C10 and C15 terpenes. In addition, aluminum oxide increases C20 recoveries, whereas crystalline zeolites favor C30 terpenes recoveries. The different healthy properties that have been described for terpenoids makes the current SFE-GC-QTOF-MS process especially interesting and suitable for their revalorization.

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Acoustic Characterization of Some Steel Industry Waste Materials

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11135924 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (13) ◽

pp. 5924

Author(s):

Elisa Levi ◽

Simona Sgarbi ◽

Edoardo Alessio Piana

Keyword(s):

Thermal Characteristic ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

Acoustic Properties ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Industry Waste ◽

Acoustic Characterization ◽

Minimization Procedure ◽

The Difference ◽

By Products

From a circular economy perspective, the acoustic characterization of steelwork by-products is a topic worth investigating, especially because little or no literature can be found on this subject. The possibility to reuse and add value to a large amount of this kind of waste material can lead to significant economic and environmental benefits. Once properly analyzed and optimized, these by-products can become a valuable alternative to conventional materials for noise control applications. The main acoustic properties of these materials can be investigated by means of a four-microphone impedance tube. Through an inverse technique, it is then possible to derive some non-acoustic properties of interest, useful to physically characterize the structure of the materials. The inverse method adopted in this paper is founded on the Johnson–Champoux–Allard model and uses a standard minimization procedure based on the difference between the sound absorption coefficients obtained experimentally and predicted by the Johnson–Champoux–Allard model. The results obtained are consistent with other literature data for similar materials. The knowledge of the physical parameters retrieved applying this technique (porosity, airflow resistivity, tortuosity, viscous and thermal characteristic length) is fundamental for the acoustic optimization of the porous materials in the case of future applications.

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Purification and characterization of an aspartic proteinase secreted by Botrytis cinerea Pers ex. Pers in culture and in infected carrots

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology ◽

10.1016/0885-5765(90)90060-b ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 289-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Sara Movahedi ◽

J.B. Heale

Keyword(s):

Botrytis Cinerea ◽

Aspartic Proteinase ◽

Purification And Characterization

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Valorisation of fruit by-products: Production characterization of pectins from fruit peels

Food and Bioproducts Processing ◽

10.1016/j.fbp.2019.03.009 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 115 ◽

pp. 126-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Melih Güzel ◽

Özlem Akpınar

Keyword(s):

By Products

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Rhizosphere-enriched microbes as a pool to design synthetic communities for reproducible beneficial outputs

FEMS Microbiology Ecology ◽

10.1093/femsec/fiz138 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Maria-Dimitra Tsolakidou ◽

Ioannis A Stringlis ◽

Natalia Fanega-Sleziak ◽

Stella Papageorgiou ◽

Antria Tsalakou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Fungal Pathogens ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Tomato Growth ◽

In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Abstract Composts represent a sustainable way to suppress diseases and improve plant growth. Identification of compost-derived microbial communities enriched in the rhizosphere of plants and characterization of their traits, could facilitate the design of microbial synthetic communities (SynComs) that upon soil inoculation could yield consistent beneficial effects towards plants. Here, we characterized a collection of compost-derived bacteria, previously isolated from tomato rhizosphere, for in vitro antifungal activity against soil-borne fungal pathogens and for their potential to change growth parameters in Arabidopsis. We further assessed root-competitive traits in the dominant rhizospheric genus Bacillus. Certain isolated rhizobacteria displayed antifungal activity against the tested pathogens and affected growth of Arabidopsis, and Bacilli members possessed several enzymatic activities. Subsequently, we designed two SynComs with different composition and tested their effect on Arabidopsis and tomato growth and health. SynCom1, consisting of different bacterial genera, displayed negative effect on Arabidopsis in vitro, but promoted tomato growth in pots. SynCom2, consisting of Bacilli, didn't affect Arabidopsis growth, enhanced tomato growth and suppressed Fusarium wilt symptoms. Overall, we found selection of compost-derived microbes with beneficial properties in the rhizosphere of tomato plants, and observed that application of SynComs on poor substrates can yield reproducible plant phenotypes.

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