scholarly journals Analytical Characterization of Water-Soluble Constituents in Olive-Derived By-Products

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1299
Author(s):  
Pablo Doménech ◽  
Aleta Duque ◽  
Isabel Higueras ◽  
José Luis Fernández ◽  
Paloma Manzanares
Keyword(s):  
Olive Tree ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Olive Pomace ◽  
Olive Leaves ◽  
Olive Stone ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Tree Pruning ◽  
By Products

Olive trees constitute one of the largest agroindustries in the Mediterranean area, and their cultivation generates a diverse pool of biomass by-products such as olive tree pruning (OTP), olive leaves (OL), olive stone (OS), and extracted olive pomace (EOP). These lignocellulosic materials have varying compositions and potential utilization strategies within a biorefinery context. The aim of this work was to carry out an integral analysis of the aqueous extractives fraction of these biomasses. Several analytical methods were applied in order to fully characterize this fraction to varying extents: a mass closure of >80% was reached for EOP, >76% for OTP, >65% for OS, and >52% for OL. Among the compounds detected, xylooligosaccharides, mannitol, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol, and hydroxytyrosol were noted as potential enhancers of the valorization of said by-products. The extraction of these compounds is expected to be more favorable for OTP, OL, and EOP, given their high extractives content, and is compatible with other utilization strategies such as the bioconversion of the lignocellulosic fraction into biofuels and bioproducts.

Characterization of pellets from mixing olive pomace and olive tree pruning

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Barbanera ◽  
E. Lascaro ◽  
V. Stanzione ◽  
A. Esposito ◽  
R. Altieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Tree ◽  
Olive Pomace ◽  
Tree Pruning

scholarly journals Extraction and Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Terpenes Recovered from Olive Leaves Using a New Adsorbent-Assisted Supercritical CO2 Process

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1301
Author(s):  
Zully J. Suárez Montenegro ◽  
Gerardo Álvarez-Rivera ◽  
Jose A. Mendiola ◽  
Elena Ibáñez ◽  
Alejandro Cifuentes
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Olive Leaves ◽  
Fractionation Process ◽  
Selective Enrichment ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
First Time ◽  
By Products

This work reports the use of GC-QTOF-MS to obtain a deep characterization of terpenoid compounds recovered from olive leaves, which is one of the largest by-products generated by the olive oil industry. This work includes an innovative supercritical CO2 fractionation process based on the online coupling of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and dynamic adsorption/desorption for the selective enrichment of terpenoids in the different olive leaves extracts. The selectivity of different commercial adsorbents such as silica gel, zeolite, and aluminum oxide was evaluated toward the different terpene families present in olive leaves. Operating at 30 MPa and 60 °C, an adsorbent-assisted fractionation was carried out every 20 min for a total time of 120 min. For the first time, GC-QTOF-MS allowed the identification of 40 terpenoids in olive leaves. The GC-QTOF-MS results indicate that silica gel is a suitable adsorbent to partially retain polyunsaturated C10 and C15 terpenes. In addition, aluminum oxide increases C20 recoveries, whereas crystalline zeolites favor C30 terpenes recoveries. The different healthy properties that have been described for terpenoids makes the current SFE-GC-QTOF-MS process especially interesting and suitable for their revalorization.

scholarly journals Processing Effect and Characterization of Olive Oils from Spanish Wild Olive Trees (Olea europaea var. sylvestris)

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1304
Author(s):  
Francisco Espínola ◽  
Alfonso M. Vidal ◽  
Juan M. Espínola ◽  
Manuel Moya
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Analytical Point ◽  
Wild Olive ◽  
Olive Trees

Wild olive trees have important potential, but, to date, the oil from wild olives has not been studied significantly, especially from an analytical point of view. In Spain, the wild olive tree is called “Acebuche” and its fruit “Acebuchina”. The objective of this work is to optimize the olive oil production process from the Acebuchina cultivar and characterize the oil, which could be marketed as healthy and functional food. A Box–Behnken experimental design with five central points was used, along with the Response Surface Methodology to obtain a mathematical experimental model. The oils from the Acebuchina cultivar meet the requirements for human consumption and have a good balance of fatty acids. In addition, the oils are rich in antioxidants and volatile compounds. The highest extraction yield, 12.0 g oil/100 g paste, was obtained at 90.0 min and the highest yield of phenolic compounds, 870.0 mg/kg, was achieved at 40.0 °C, and 90.0 min; but the maximum content of volatile compounds, 26.9 mg/kg, was obtained at 20 °C and 30.0 min. The oil yield is lower than that of commercial cultivars, but the contents of volatile and phenolic compounds is higher.

Comparative study of isotherm parameters of lead biosorption by two wastes of olive-oil production

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 711-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Blázquez ◽  
A. Ronda ◽  
M. A. Martín-Lara ◽  
A. Pérez ◽  
M. Calero
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Langmuir Equation ◽  
Equilibrium Isotherm ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Olive Stone ◽  
Loss Of Mass ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Tree Pruning ◽  
Effectiveness Coefficient

Batch isotherm studies were carried out on a laboratory scale: (i) to investigate the effectiveness to remove lead of two wastes (olive stone (OS) and olive tree pruning (OTP)), untreated and chemically treated; and (ii) to examine the applicability of various adsorption isotherms to fit the experimental data. Results from tests were analyzed using seven equilibrium isotherm correlations (Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich, Temkin, Redlich–Peterson, Sips, and Toth equations). The sum of the squares of the errors was determined for each isotherm and the Langmuir equation provided the best fit. Chemical treatments increased the biosorption properties of these materials. The maximum biosorption capacities were: 6.33, 49.13, 14.83, and 38.93 mg g−1 for untreated OS, HNO3-OS, H2SO4-OS, and NaOH-OS, respectively, and 26.72, 86.40, 72.78, and 123.80 mg g−1 for untreated OTP, HNO3-OTP, H2SO4-OTP, and NaOH-OTP, respectively. Finally, the loss of mass for each waste (13.9, 14.3, and 36.8% for HNO3-OS, H2SO4-OS, and NaOH-OS and 35.1, 27.5, and 46.7% for HNO3-OTP, H2SO4-OTP, and NaOH-OTP, respectively) was taken into account and an effectiveness coefficient was determined for each adsorbent material.

Characterization of chemically modified biosorbents from olive tree pruning for the biosorption of lead

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 344-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Calero ◽  
Antonio Pérez ◽  
Gabriel Blázquez ◽  
Alicia Ronda ◽  
Maria Angeles Martín-Lara
Keyword(s):  
Olive Tree ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Tree Pruning

scholarly journals Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for In-Field Detection of Pesticides: A Test on Dimethoate Residues in Water and on Olive Leaves

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Tognaccini ◽  
Marilena Ricci ◽  
Cristina Gellini ◽  
Alessandro Feis ◽  
Giulietta Smulevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Olive Leaves ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Olive Trees

Dimethoate (DMT) is an organophosphate insecticide commonly used to protect fruit trees and in particular olive trees. Since it is highly water-soluble, its use on olive trees is considered quite safe, because it flows away in the residual water during the oil extraction process. However, its use is strictly regulated, specially on organic cultures. The organic production chain certification is not trivial, since DMT rapidly degrades to omethoate (OMT) and both disappear in about two months. Therefore, simple, sensitive, cost-effective and accurate methods for the determination of dimethoate, possibly suitable for in-field application, can be of great interest. In this work, a quick screening method, possibly useful for organic cultures certification will be presented. DMT and OMT in water and on olive leaves have been detected by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) using portable instrumentations. On leaves, the SERS signals were measured with a reasonably good S/N ratio, allowing us to detect DMT at a concentration up to two orders of magnitude lower than the one usually recommended for in-field treatments. Moreover, detailed information on the DMT distribution on the leaves has been obtained by Raman line- (or area-) scanning experiments.

scholarly journals Olive Pulp and Exogenous Enzymes Feed Supplementation Effect on the Carcass and Offal in Broilers: A Preliminary Study

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Peyman Sayehban ◽  
Alireza Seidavi ◽  
Mohammad Dadashbeiki ◽  
Ahmad Ghorbani ◽  
Wagner Azis Garcia de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Olive Pulp ◽  
Tree Farming ◽  
And Control ◽  
By Products

Nowadays, there is an increasing interest in the exploitation and valorization of agricultural food waste and by-products. At the same time, the growing demand by markets worldwide, especially in Africa and Southeast Asia, can justify the growing interest in the use of by-products for the poultry industry. Olive pulp is one of the most interesting by-products of olive tree farming (typical of the Mediterranean area), being a good source of many biologically active compounds with antioxidant, antifungal, and antibacterial properties. The presence of processed olive pulp in the diet showed to be effective in increasing the weight of specific carcass and offal traits. This work aims at studying olive pulp as a feed supplement in poultry nutrition, by focusing on the effects on broiler carcass and offal. Olive pulp (OP) is one of the by-products of olive tree farming, being the residue of olive cake after it is dried. To evaluate the effects of OP in a diet supplemented with different levels of a commercial enzyme (ENZ) blend on broiler carcass and offal traits, three hundred male broiler chicks (Ross 308 lineage; one-day-old) were divided into ten treatment groups according to a completely randomized design. The treatments diets contained: unprocessed OP (50 g/kg, 100 g/kg, 50 g/kg with ENZ, 100 g/kg with ENZ), processed OP (50 g/kg, 100 g/kg, 50 g/kg with ENZ, 100 g/kg with ENZ), and control groups (without OP, and without OP with ENZ). The OP processing increased breast percentages in broilers. Supplementation with ENZ did not change any of the studied carcass or offal trait values. The presence of OP (50 g/kg) in broiler diets increased the eviscerated carcass, leg, and neck percentage values. The presence of processed OP (50 g/kg) in the diet showed to be effective in increasing the weight of specific carcass and offal traits.

scholarly journals Qualitative Characterization of the Pellet Obtained from Hazelnut and Olive Tree Pruning

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4083
Author(s):  
Andrea Acampora ◽  
Vincenzo Civitarese ◽  
Giulio Sperandio ◽  
Negar Rezaei
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Olive Groves ◽  
Tree Pruning

Biomass occupies a very important place among renewable energy sources, and the residual biomass recovery chain represents a sector of fundamental importance. Our work focused on the production of pellets by pruning residues from two of the most important woody crops in Italy: hazelnut and olive groves. We found a higher value of bulk density for the hazelnut pellet (581.30 kg m−3 vs. 562.38 kg m−3) and a higher value of length for the olive pellet (16.66 mm vs. 10.47 mm). The percentages of durability were very similar (98%). The low heating value and ash content of hazelnut and olive were 17.21 MJ kg−1 and 3.1%, and 16.83 MJ kg−1 and 2.5%. A higher concentration of Cu, Pb, and Ni was observed in the hazelnut. The contrary was observed for the concentration of Zn. N content was 0.77% and 1.24% for the hazelnut and the olive, respectively. The concentration of S was 0.00% for both. The quality parameters that do not meet current standards could be improved by mixing these materials with different types of wood.

Drying kinetics and effective water diffusivities in olive stone and olive-tree pruning

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 911-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Cuevas ◽  
María Lourdes Martínez-Cartas ◽  
Luis Pérez-Villarejo ◽  
Lucía Hernández ◽  
Juan Francisco García-Martín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Tree ◽  
Drying Kinetics ◽  
Olive Stone ◽  
Tree Pruning ◽  
Effective Water

scholarly journals STATE OF AGRO-DIVERSITY IN A MOUNTAIN ECOSYSTEM: CASE OF THE OLIVE TREE (OLEA EUROPEA L.) IN THE MOUNTAINS OF BENI-SNOUS: (TLEMCEN-ALGERIA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Khemies ◽  
Bahae- Ddine Ghezlaoui-Bendi-Djelloul ◽  
Bahae- Ddine Ghezlaoui-Bendi-Djelloul
Keyword(s):  
Olive Tree ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Ecological Sites ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Mountain Ecosystem ◽  
Local Product ◽  
Olea Europea ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
By Products

Fruit growing in the Tlemcen region is carried out in a more or less traditional way, and this is largely the result of a lack of knowledge of areas favorable to a particular fruit species, but also of a lack of training and initiatives. Many fruit species are considered as a local product because they occupy mountainous areas with rugged relief. The latter have organoleptic qualities specific to the ecosystem in which they live. Hence the name of niche product. The most significant example is the Sigoise olive or Olive of the Tlemcen mountains. Thus the present study aims to enhance and preserve some experiences of upkeep and preservation of olive trees in mountainous ecological sites with very difficult relief. This aspect has made it possible to generate varieties of olives with by-products of highly appreciated qualitative value.

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