Commensal Gut Bacteria Buffer the Impact of Host Genetic Variants on Drosophila Developmental Traits under Nutritional Stress

Folate and choline are water-soluble micronutrients that serve as methyl donors in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine. Inadequacy of these nutrients can disturb one-carbon metabolism as evidenced by alterations in circulating folate and/or plasma homocysteine. Among common genetic variants that reside in genes regulating folate absorptive and metabolic processes, homozygosity for the MTHFR 677C > T variant has consistently been shown to have robust effects on status markers. This paper will review the impact of genetic variants in folate-metabolizing genes on folate and choline bioefficacy. Nutrient-gene and gene-gene interactions will be considered along with the need to account for these genetic variants when updating dietary folate and choline recommendations.

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Impact of Nosema Disease and American Foulbrood on Gut Bacterial Communities of Honeybees Apis mellifera

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12060525 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 525

Author(s):

Poonnawat Panjad ◽

Rujipas Yongsawas ◽

Chainarong Sinpoo ◽

Chonthicha Pakwan ◽

Phakamas Subta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Apis Mellifera ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

454 Pyrosequencing ◽

Gut Bacteria ◽

Nosema Ceranae ◽

Paenibacillus Larvae ◽

American Foulbrood ◽

Nosema Disease ◽

The Impact ◽

Pathogenic Infection

Honeybees, Apis mellifera, are important pollinators of many economically important crops. However, one of the reasons for their decline is pathogenic infection. Nosema disease and American foulbrood (AFB) disease are the most common bee pathogens that propagate in the gut of honeybees. This study investigated the impact of gut-propagating pathogens, including Nosema ceranae and Paenibacillus larvae, on bacterial communities in the gut of A. mellifera using 454-pyrosequencing. Pyrosequencing results showed that N. ceranae was implicated in the elimination of Serratia and the dramatic increase in Snodgrassella and Bartonella in adult bees’ guts, while bacterial communities of P. larvae-infected larvae were not affected by the infection. The results indicated that only N. ceranae had an impact on some core bacteria in the gut of A. mellifera through increasing core gut bacteria, therefore leading to the induction of dysbiosis in the bees’ gut.

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Can pollen supplementation mitigate the impact of nutritional stress on honey bee colonies?

Journal of Apicultural Research ◽

10.1080/00218839.2021.1888537 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Belén Branchiccela ◽

Loreley Castelli ◽

Sebastián Díaz-Cetti ◽

Ciro Invernizzi ◽

Yamandú Mendoza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Honey Bee ◽

Nutritional Stress ◽

The Impact ◽

Bee Colonies

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Host Genetic Variants in Obesity-Related Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Clinics in Liver Disease ◽

10.1016/j.cld.2013.09.017 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 249-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Rohini Mehta ◽

Aybike Birerdinc ◽

Zobair M. Younossi

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Genetic Variants ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Host Genetic

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Germline genetic polymorphisms influence tumor gene expression and immune cell infiltration

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1804506115 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 115 (50) ◽

pp. E11701-E11710 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Yoong Wearn Lim ◽

Haiyin Chen-Harris ◽

Oleg Mayba ◽

Steve Lianoglou ◽

Arthur Wuster ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Cancer Immunotherapy ◽

Genetic Variants ◽

Immune Cell ◽

Response To Therapy ◽

Cell Infiltration ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Immune Cell Infiltration ◽

Durable Response ◽

The Impact

Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as an effective therapy in a variety of cancers. However, a key challenge in the field is that only a subset of patients who receive immunotherapy exhibit durable response. It has been hypothesized that host genetics influences the inherent immune profiles of patients and may underlie their differential response to immunotherapy. Herein, we systematically determined the association of common germline genetic variants with gene expression and immune cell infiltration of the tumor. We identified 64,094 expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) that associated with 18,210 genes (eGenes) across 24 human cancers. Overall, eGenes were enriched for their being involved in immune processes, suggesting that expression of immune genes can be shaped by hereditary genetic variants. We identified the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 (ERAP2) gene as a pan-cancer type eGene whose expression levels stratified overall survival in a subset of patients with bladder cancer receiving anti–PD-L1 (atezolizumab) therapy. Finally, we identified 103 gene signature QTLs (gsQTLs) that were associated with predicted immune cell abundance within the tumor microenvironment. Our findings highlight the impact of germline SNPs on cancer-immune phenotypes and response to therapy; and these analyses provide a resource for integration of germline genetics as a component of personalized cancer immunotherapy.

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Host genetic variants associated with community-acquired pneumonia

Critical Care ◽

10.1186/cc11978 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 17 (S2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

LE Salnikova ◽

TV Smelaya ◽

VV Moroz ◽

A Golubev ◽

AV Rubanovich

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variants ◽

Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽

Host Genetic

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GEMPROT: visualization of the impact on the protein of the genetic variants found on each haplotype

Bioinformatics ◽

10.1093/bioinformatics/bty993 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 35 (14) ◽

pp. 2492-2494

Author(s):

Tania Cuppens ◽

Thomas E Ludwig ◽

Pascal Trouvé ◽

Emmanuelle Genin

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variants ◽

Protein Sequence ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Protein Sequences ◽

Supplementary Information ◽

Analysis Tool ◽

Functional Protein ◽

Key Players ◽

On Line ◽

The Impact

Abstract Summary When analyzing sequence data, genetic variants are considered one by one, taking no account of whether or not they are found in the same individual. However, variant combinations might be key players in some diseases as variants that are neutral on their own can become deleterious when associated together. GEMPROT is a new analysis tool that allows, from a phased vcf file, to visualize the consequences of the genetic variants on the protein. At the level of an individual, the program shows the variants on each of the two protein sequences and the Pfam functional protein domains. When data on several individuals are available, GEMPROT lists the haplotypes found in the sample and can compare the haplotype distributions between different sub-groups of individuals. By offering a global visualization of the gene with the genetic variants present, GEMPROT makes it possible to better understand the impact of combinations of genetic variants on the protein sequence. Availability and implementation GEMPROT is freely available at https://github.com/TaniaCuppens/GEMPROT. An on-line version is also available at http://med-laennec.univ-brest.fr/GEMPROT/. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

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The impact of genetic variants inIL1R2on cervical cancer risk among Uygur females from China: A case-control study

Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine ◽

10.1002/mgg3.516 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. e00516 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fanglin Niu ◽

Tianchang Wang ◽

Jing Li ◽

Mengdan Yan ◽

Dianzhen Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Genetic Variants ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Cervical Cancer Risk ◽

The Impact ◽

Control Study

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Genetic polymorphisms mediating behavioural and immune response to pathogens may moderate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study

10.1101/2020.06.03.20120998 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ravi Philip Rajkumar

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Genetic Variants ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Published Data ◽

Entire World ◽

S Allele ◽

The Impact

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has affected the entire world, but there are wide variations in prevalence and mortality across nations. Genetic variants which influence behavioural or immune responses to pathogens, selected for by pathogen pressure, may influence this variability. Two relevant polymorphisms in this context are the s allele of the serotonin transporter promoter (5-HTTLPR) and the G allele of the interleukin-6 gene (IL-6 rs1800795).MethodsThe frequencies of the 5-HTTLPR s allele and IL-6 rs1800795 G allele were obtained from published data. The correlations between these allele frequencies and the prevalence and mortality rates of COVID-19 were examined across 44 nations.ResultsThe IL-6 rs1800795 G allele was negatively correlated with COVID-19 prevalence (ρ = −0.466, p < 0.01) and mortality (ρ = −0.591, p<0.001) across nations. The 5-HTTLPR s allele was negatively correlated with COVID-19 mortality rates (ρ = −0.437, p = 0.023).ConclusionsThese results suggest that a significant relationship exists between genetic variants that influence behavioural and immune responses to pathogens and indices of the impact of COVID-19 across nations. Further investigation of these variants and their correlates may permit the development of better preventive or therapeutic strategies in the management of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Oxidative Stress Inside the Pathogenesis of Ascending Aorta Aneurysms: A Clearer Vision for Identifying Promising Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets

10.20944/preprints202111.0346.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Carmela Balistreri ◽

Calogera Pisano ◽

Giovanni Ruvolo

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Genetic Variants ◽

Complex Disease ◽

Ascending Aorta ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Aorta Aneurysm ◽

Independent Risk Factors ◽

The Impact ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Ascending aorta aneurysm (AsAA) is a complex disease, currently defined an inflammatory disease. In the sporadic form, AsAA has, indeed, a complex physiopathology with a strong inflammatory basis, significantly modulated by genetic variants in innate/inflammatory genes, acting as independent risk factors and as largely evidenced in our recent studies performed during the last 10 years. Based on these premises, here, we want to revise the impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress on AsAA pathophysiology and consequently on the onset and progression of sporadic AsAA. This might consent to add other important pieces in the intricate puzzle of the pathophysiology of this disease with the translational aim to identify biomarkers and targets to apply in the complex management of AsAA, by facilitating the AsAA diagnosis currently based only on imaging evaluations, and the treatment exclusively founded on surgery approaches.

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