scholarly journals An insight into the bioelectrochemical photoreduction of CO2 to value-added chemicals

iScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 102294
Author(s):  
Priyanka Gupta ◽  
Mohammad Tabish Noori ◽  
Abraham Esteve Núñez ◽  
Nishith Verma
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Insight Into

An insight into an electro-catalytic reactor concept for high value-added production from crude glycerol: Optimization, electrode passivation, product distribution, and reaction pathway identification

2021 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 130-144
Author(s):  
Ali Khosravanipour Mostafazadeh ◽  
Maria Samantha De La Torre ◽  
Yessika Padilla ◽  
Patrick Drogui ◽  
Satinder Kaur Brar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Catalytic Reactor ◽  
Electrode Passivation ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals Solvent-Free Benzylation of Glycerol by Benzyl Alcohol Using Heteropoly Acid Impregnated on K-10 Clay as Catalyst

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Devendra P. Tekale ◽  
Ganapati D. Yadav ◽  
Ajay K. Dalai
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysis ◽  
Benzyl Alcohol ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Solid Catalyst ◽  
Glycerol Ether ◽  
Insight Into

Value addition to glycerol, the sole co-product in biodiesel production, will lead to reform of the overall biodiesel economy. Different valuable chemicals can be produced from glycerol using heterogeneous catalysis and these valuable chemicals are useful in industries such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, fuels, soap, paints, and fine chemicals. Therefore, the conversion of glycerol to valuable chemicals using heterogeneous catalysis is a noteworthy area of research. Etherification of glycerol with alkenes or alcohols is an important reaction in converting glycerol to various value-added chemicals. This article describes reaction of glycerol with benzyl alcohol in solvent-free medium by using a clay supported modified heteropolyacid (HPA), Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40/K-10 (Cs-DTP/K-10) as solid catalyst and its comparison with other catalysts in a batch reactor. Mono-Benzyl glycerol ether (MBGE) was the major product formed in the reaction along with formation of di-benzyl glycerol ether (DBGE). The effects of different parameters were studied to optimize the reaction parameters. This work provides an insight into characterization of Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40/K-10 catalyst by advanced techniques such as surface area measurement, X-ray analysis, ICP-MS, FT-IR, and SEM. Reaction products were characterized and confirmed by using the GCMS method. The kinetic model was developed from an insight into the reaction mechanism. The apparent energy of activation was found to be 18.84 kcal/mol.

scholarly journals Exchange-traded products in Germany: development and substitution of exchange-traded funds, exchange-traded commodities and exchange-traded notes

Equilibrium ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-665
Author(s):  
Adam Marszk
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Stock Exchanges ◽  
Exchange Traded Funds ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
Exchange Traded Notes ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Total Market

Research background: Exchange-traded products (ETPs) are one of the most rapidly growing categories of financial products. Their fast development has been boosted by innovative features. Three main categories of ETPs are exchange-traded funds (ETFs), exchange-traded commodities (ETCs) and exchange-traded notes (ETNs). ETCs and ETNs remain least known, even though their number on some stock exchanges is high. In Europe, Germany is one of the largest and most active ETPs markets. ETCs and ETNs are debt instruments, in contrast with the most popular ETFs, which are equity securities. Therefore, they offer investors different advantages, but also expose them to other types of risks. Purpose of the article: The key aim of the article is to present the features of ETPs and to provide in-depth insight into the issues linked with the development of ETPs market in Germany, with the special emphasis on the ETCs and ETNs. Methods: In the main empirical part of the article, German ETPs market is analyzed using descriptive statistics and technological substitution framework (employed for the analysis of innovations in order to evaluate the changing market shares of, first, ETFs versus ETCs and ETNs, as well as, second, ETFs versus other types of investment funds). The period of the analysis is 2010–2016 in the former case and 2007–2016 in the latter. Findings & Value added: Share of ETPs other than ETFs in the total market in Germany remains low. Even though the market position of the leading products, i.e. ETFs, is still very strong, some substitution has been observed, especially after 2015. Predictions indicate that this trend will continue in the upcoming years. The results of the analysis of the investment funds’ market confirm the substitution between ETFs and traditional investment funds over 2007–2017, in particular in the first years of this time period.

scholarly journals An Insight Into the Value Added Tax System Detailing Its Origins, Impact, Provisions and Regulations With Reference to India

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Tomy Kallarackal
Keyword(s):  
European Economic Community ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tax Credit ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Excise Duty ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Insight Into

The Value Added Tax was first introduced in France in 1954. It was the resultant effort of France and members of the European Economic Community (E.E.C) during the 1950s aimed at the simplification of commodity taxes. Currently more than 130 nations in the world have adopted the VAT system. In the last decade alone over 50 nations have introduced VAT. This includes implementation in China and most recently the addition of Australia to the list of VAT nations. The world over, VAT is payable on both goods and services as they constitute a part of the national GDR Excise duty and sales taxes are merged into the singularity of VAT. No tax is levied on exports with full input tax credit made available. The scheme of taxation adopted by most nations is very simple. The seller of goods and the service provider charge tax on sales, avail input tax credit and pay the difference as VAT to the goVernment treasury. The compliance system in VAT nations is also very simple. There is very less interface between the tax collector and the tax payer. However there are provisions for heavy penalization of VAT defaulters. VAT is administered nationally and is also levied on imports.  

Developing Equipment Manufacturing Industry Based on Service-Oriented Manufacturing

2013 ◽  
Vol 655-657 ◽  
pp. 2340-2343
Author(s):  
Li Xi Yang ◽  
Xu Fang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing ◽  
Aggregation Mechanism ◽  
Equipment Manufacturing ◽  
Equipment Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Manufacturing Mode ◽  
Insight Into

Service-oriented manufacturing is an advanced manufacturing mode focused on integrating service with manufacturing. The remarkable importance is known to be strongly associated with the development of service-oriented economy in the period in which China transfers the traditional equipment manufacturing industry to the service-oriented manufacturing. We take a close insight into basic theories of service-oriented manufacturing, and then we analyze the characteristics, profiles, as well as the present situation of the equipment manufacturing. Finally, we propose some countermeasures for transferring the equipment manufacturing to the service-oriented manufacturing from the views of the aggregation mechanism, the network of innovative mechanism and manufacturing value-added chain.

The Impact of AI on Disintermediation Processes in the Tourism Industry

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-115
Author(s):  
Jovanka Damoska Sekuloska ◽  
Aleksandar Erceg
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Digital Tool ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
Customer Services ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Value Creation Process ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Smart Tourism

As an innovative technology, artificial intelligence (AI) leads to disruption and automation of almost every process and business model in almost any industry today. AI contributes to the process of disintermediation of value chains resulting in shrinking the producer-customer links. The chapter examines the influence of AI on disintermediation in the tourism industry. It investigates the changes and transformation of the value creation process and marketing in the tourism industry affected by AI technology. AI could transform and revolutionize every segment of the tourism industry. Thus, it can make tourism more efficient, with new value-added customer services. AI is considered an enabling tool for the creation of the so-called “smart tourism” as a new age of tourism development. As a digital tool, AI enables the tourism industry to get insight into the customer, understand tourist profiles and provide consumers with personalized and niche travel experiences.

Production of natural value-added compounds: an insight into the eugenol biotransformation pathway

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashank Mishra ◽  
Ashish Sachan ◽  
Shashwati Ghosh Sachan
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals Adaptation and fixation in entrepreneurial approaches of a dental laboratory

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia M. Ferreira ◽  
Jan P. Grundling
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Business Decision ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Data Compilation ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Insight Into

Orientation: This study described the adaptation and fixation processes implemented by a small business entrepreneur in order to cope with changing market circumstances.Research purpose: The study described how the dental laboratory adapted its entrepreneurial approaches over time in response to critical changes that occurred and how aspects in the managerial approach became fixated and proved to be essential to success.Motivation for the study: The study provided insight into how the dental laboratory transformed into a stable and prosperous laboratory by the integration of strategic, economic, cultural and social capital through a process of business decision making.Research design, approach and method: A cohort survey research design, based upon the compilation of longitudinal data over three selected time periods, was employed. The design of the measuring instruments and the interpretation of research results were derived from an adapted entrepreneurial-in-network theoretical framework. A triangulation data compilation approach was followed.Main findings: The results revealed that cultural capital in the dental laboratory became fixated on three value principles, whilst the other critical capitals prescribed exist in sufficient volumes and improve to adapt to changing circumstances in the dental market.Practical/managerial implications: Fixated cultural values acted as a ‘parent’-actor in order to guide the righteousness of behaviour, whereas adaptation required sufficient critical capitals and the proper integration thereof.Contribution/value-added: By adopting the entrepreneurship-in-network approach, the researchers incorporated the dynamic and interactive processes of entrepreneurship. Future studies may employ the same design and use multi-varied analyses to show how a business adapt or fixate its approaches in response to crises or changes in the business environment.

scholarly journals An Insight into Valorization of Lignocellulosic Biomass by Optimization with the Combination of Hydrothermal (HT) and Biological Techniques: A Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-55
Author(s):  
Nalok Dutta ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Gang Luo ◽  
Shicheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Biomass Valorization ◽  
Total Potential ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Yield Value ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Energy Balances ◽  
Insight Into

Biomass valorization plays a significant role in the production of biofuels and various value-added biochemicals, in addition to lowering greenhouse gas emissions. In terms of biorefining methods, hydrothermal (HT) and biological techniques have demonstrated the capability of valorizing biomass raw materials to yield value added end-products. An inter-disciplinary bio-economical approach is capable of optimizing biomass’s total potential in terms of environmental perspective and circular bioeconomy standpoint. The aim of this review is to provide an in-depth overview of combinatorial HT and biological techniques to maximize biomass value, which includes biological valorization following HT pretreatment and HT valorization of lignocellulosic substrates emanating from biocatalytic hydrolysis/anaerobic digestion and/or pretreated food waste for the ultimate yield of biogas/biochar and biocrude. In this study, we discuss recent advances regarding HT and biological treatment conditions, synergies between the two technologies, and optimal performance. Additionally, energy balances and economic feasibility assessments of alternative integrated solutions reported in previous studies are compared. Furthermore, we conclude by discussing the challenges and opportunities involved in integrating HT and biologicals methods toward complete biomass utilization.

scholarly journals Shift-share analysis of production in the manufacturing industry of South Africa’s Southern District Municipality

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-30
Author(s):  
Ewert Kleynhans ◽  
Moloto J. Sekhobela
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Local Municipalities ◽  
Southern District ◽  
Industrial Mix ◽  
Near Future ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Future Growth

In this study, the development and structure of value-added production in the manufacturing industries of the Southern District Municipality (SDM) of South Africa are investigated. The field of study focuses on spatial economic development, with the aim of identifying industries that can offer future growth and job creation. The methodology of shift-share analysis, often applied to studies of Economic Geography, is used for the empirical analysis. The SDM district municipality includes the local municipalities of Klerksdorp, Potchefstroom, Ventersdorp, Merafong City and Wolmaransstad. The economy of these municipalities is mainly dependent on gold mining, which is declining as their gold reserves are becoming depleted which will lead to a large section of its population being unemployed in the near future. Shift-share analysis provides insight into the shifts of production between various sectors over time and is comprehensible to policymakers. It provides further insight into the national share effect on production of the sectors in the region, as well as the regional industrial mix and the competitive share effects. It was found that the sectors with the highest growth potential are Transport Equipment, Petroleum and Chemicals, Furniture, Metal Products, and Wood and Paper Products, and they merit attention in future development initiatives.

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