scholarly journals Gut microbiota, determined by dietary nutrients, drive modification of the plasma lipid profile and insulin resistance

iScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 102445
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Watanabe ◽  
Shiho Fujisaka ◽  
Kazutaka Ikeda ◽  
Masaki Ishikawa ◽  
Takahiro Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Plasma Lipid Profile ◽  
Dietary Nutrients

scholarly journals Xylan-oligosaccharides ameliorate high fat diet induced obesity and glucose intolerance and modulate plasma lipid profile and gut microbiota in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 103622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengnan Zhang ◽  
Abdullah Abdulaziz Abbod Abdo ◽  
Benariba Kaddour ◽  
Qiuhua Wu ◽  
Liang Xin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Plasma Lipid Profile ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity

scholarly journals Plasma lipidomics distinguishes NASH and fibrosis from simple fatty liver in children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake P. Mann ◽  
Samuel Furse ◽  
Stuart G. Snowden ◽  
Anna Alisi ◽  
Laura G. Draijer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Diagnostic Model ◽  
Plasma Lipid Profile ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Lipid Species

SummaryBackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition characterised by insulin resistance and altered lipid metabolism. Evaluation of the serum lipid profile of children with NAFLD offers the opportunity to understand these perturbations and identify biomarkers to distinguish non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis from ‘simple’ fatty liver (NAFL).AimTo investigate the plasma lipid profile of children with NAFLD to: (a) gain insight into lipid metabolism in NAFL and NASH; (b) explore the potential of their use as biomarkers.MethodsUntargeted lipidomics was performed on fasting plasma samples were collected from children: 19 lean control, 65 obese controls (without NAFLD), and 222 children with NAFLD, of whom 120 had undergone liver biopsy to identify 34 with NAFL and 86 with NASH. Associations between lipid species and liver histology were assessed using regression adjusted for age and sex.ResultsHistological severity of paediatric NAFLD was associated with altered in lipid metabolism in multiple classes, including: higher free cholesterol, higher phosphatidylserine, higher lyso-phosphatidylcholines, and lower polyunsaturated di- and triglycerides. Many of these associations remained after adjusting for insulin resistance and were not replicated in obese controls. The plasma lipid profile generated a diagnostic model that accurately predicted NAFL versus NASH or fibrosis on liver biopsy.ConclusionsHistological severity of NAFLD in children is associated with perturbation of multiple lipid pathways, several apparently independent of insulin resistance. These data provide proof-of-concept that plasma lipidomics can distinguish simple fatty liver from NASH or fibrosis in children.

scholarly journals Effects of Replacing Yellow Corn with Olive Cake Meal on Growth Performance, Plasma Lipid Profile, and Muscle Fatty Acid Content in Broilers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2240
Author(s):  
Ahmed Saleh ◽  
Mohammed Alzawqari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Lipid Profile ◽  
Olive Cake ◽  
Arachidonic Acids

The current study focused exclusively on evaluating the effects of replacing corn with olive cake meal (OCM) in the diet of broilers on their growth performance, abdominal fat, selected plasma parameters, and muscle fatty acid (FA) content. A total of 480 one-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were divided into four treatment groups with 12 replicates/treatment. The control group was fed the base diet, whereas the second to fourth groups were fed diets of corn with 5%, 10%, and 20% contents of OCM, respectively. Broilers fed with the 5% and 10% OCM diets showed better body weight (p = 0.04) and feed conversion ratio than the 20% OCM group (p < 0.048). Both nitrogen retention and ether extract digestibility were not improved by replaced corn with OCM. Replacing corn with OCM led to a decreased abdominal fat percentage (p = 0.023) compared with the control group. Birds in the OCM groups showed the lowest total cholesterol values (p = 0.038). The breast muscle (musculus pectoralis superficialis) content of oleic and linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acids was significantly high in birds fed with OCM diets. However, their palmitic acid level was significantly decreased. Vitamin E was increased by increasing the OCM level. Thus, we concluded that replacing corn with OCM, especially at a 10% level, is more effective than other replacement levels in improving growth performance, plasma lipid profile, and muscle FA content, as well as in causing a reduction in abdominal fat in broilers.

Evidence-based Nursing Case for Standardization of Fasting Time before Measuring Plasma Lipid Profile

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Hyun Yim Choi ◽  
Mi Mi Park ◽  
Eun Jeoung Seo ◽  
Jeong Ok Park ◽  
Joung Soon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Plasma Lipid Profile ◽  
Fasting Time ◽  
Evidence Based Nursing

scholarly journals Simvastatin Does Not Affect Nitric Oxide Generation Increased by Sesame Oil in Obese Zucker Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Cebova ◽  
Radoslava Rehakova ◽  
Michaela Kosutova ◽  
Olga Pechanova
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Plasma Lipid Profile ◽  
Protein Expressions ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats ◽  
Oxidative Load

Current treatments for cardiovascular and obesity-associated diseases, such as statin therapy, may be associated with several side effects. Products from food sources with polyphenolic compounds may represent promising agents in the treatment of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases with minimal side effects. Thus, we aimed to study the effect of sesame oil and simvastatin treatment on plasma lipid profile, nitric oxide generation, and oxidative load in obese Zucker rats. 12-week-old male Zucker rats were divided into the control and sesame oil- (1.25 ml/kg/day) treated Zucker lean groups, the control and sesame oil (1.25 ml/kg/day), or simvastatin (15 mg/kg/day) together with sesame oil-treated Zucker fa/fa groups, n=6 in each group. The treatment lasted for 6 weeks. Sesame oil composition and plasma lipid profile were analyzed. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, endothelial NOS (eNOS), phosphorylated eNOS, and inducible NOS (iNOS) protein expressions were determined in the left ventricle and aorta. Oxidative load, measured as conjugated diene (CD) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentrations, was detected in the liver. Neither sesame oil nor cotreatment with simvastatin affected plasma lipid profile in Zucker fa/fa rats. Sesame oil and similarly cotreatment with simvastatin markedly increased NOS activity and phosphorylated eNOS protein expressions in the left ventricle and aorta of Zucker fa/fa rats. There were no changes in eNOS and iNOS protein expressions within the groups and tissues investigated. Hepatic CD concentration was higher in Zucker fa/fa comparing Zucker lean rats, and sesame oil treatment decreased it significantly. Interestingly, this decrease was not seen after cotreatment with simvastatin. In conclusion, phosphorylation of eNOS and decreased oxidative load may significantly contribute to increase in total NOS activity with potential beneficial properties. Interestingly, simvastatin did not affect NO generation already increased by sesame oil in obese Zucker rats.

scholarly journals The Obscure Effect of Tribulus terrestris Saponins Plus Inulin on Liver Morphology, Liver Fatty Acids, Plasma Glucose, and Lipid Profile in SD Rats with and without Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8680
Author(s):  
Kamila Misiakiewicz-Has ◽  
Dominika Maciejewska-Markiewicz ◽  
Sylwia Rzeszotek ◽  
Anna Pilutin ◽  
Agnieszka Kolasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Plasma Lipid Profile ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Liver Morphology

Diabetes is a predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). There are data suggesting that Tribulus terrestris (TT) saponins act as antidiabetic agents and protect against NAFLD. The effect of saponins may be increased by fermentable fibers such as inulin. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of TT saponins and TT saponins plus inulin on the plasma lipid profile and liver fatty acids of rats with induced diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM). The study was performed on 36 male Sprague–Dawley rats divided into two main groups: control and diabetic. Animals of the diabetic (DM) group were fed a high-fat diet and injected with streptozotocin (low doses). Animals of the control group (nDM) were on a regular diet and were injected with buffer. After the injections, the animals were split into subgroups: three non-diabetic (nDM): (i) control (c-C); (ii) saponin-treated rats (C-Sap); (iii) rats treated with saponins + inulin (C-Sap + IN), and three diabetic subgroups (DM): (iv) control (c-DM); (v) saponin-treated rats (DM-Sap); (vi) rats treated with saponins + inulin (DM-Sap + IN). Liver fatty acids were extracted and analyzed by gas chromatography, and plasma glucose and lipids were measured. The study showed significant changes in liver morphology, liver fatty acids, plasma lipid profile, and plasma glucose. In summary, supplementation with TT saponins or saponins with inulin for one month decreased the level of steatosis in rats with induced type 2 diabetes. Moreover, there were favorable effects on the plasma lipid profile in the rats. However, additional supplementation with inulin had a negative effect on liver morphology (with a microvesicular type of steatosis) in the non-diabetes group. Moreover, supplementation with inulin had a negative effect on plasma glucose in both diabetic and non-diabetic rats. These data show that a diet enriched with fermentable fibers reveals different effects in different organisms, and not all sources and forms of fiber are beneficial to health.

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