Integrating palm oil biomass waste utilization in coal-fired power plants for meeting near-term emission targets

2021 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 113118
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nurariffudin Mohd Idris ◽  
Haslenda Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Near Term

Low-Carbon Clean Technology for Waste Energy Recovery in Power Plants Based on Green Environmental Protection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Tian ◽  
Wen-Jing Liu ◽  
Qi-jie Jiang ◽  
Xin-Ying Xu
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Total Power Consumption

With the development of biomass power generation technology, biomass waste has a more excellent recycling value. The article establishes a biomass waste inventory model based on the material flow analysis method and predicts raw material waste’s energy utilization potential. The results show that the amount of biomass waste generated from 2016 to 2020 is on the rise. In 2020, biomass waste’s energy utilization can reach 107,802,300 tons, equivalent to 1,955.28PJ of energy. Through biomass energy analysis and emission analysis, the results show that the biomass waste can generate 182.02 billion kW⋅h in 2020, which can replace 35.9% of the region’s total power consumption, which is compared with the traditional power generation method under the same power generation capacity. Power generation can reduce SO2 emissions by 250,400 tons, NOx emissions by 399,300 tons, and PM10 emissions by 49,700 tons. Reduce direct economic losses by 712 million yuan. Therefore, Chinese promotion of the recycling of biomass waste and the acceleration of the biomass energy industry’s development is of great significance for reducing pollutant emissions and alleviating energy pressure.

Characterization of Coal Fly Ash, Bottom Ash and their Possibilities as Catalysts for Biodiesel Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 904 ◽  
pp. 413-418
Author(s):  
Wilasinee Kingkam ◽  
Sasikarn Nuchdang ◽  
Dussadee Rattanaphra
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Free Lime ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Class C

Coal fly ash (CFA) and bottom ash (BA) obtained from coal fired power plants in Thailand and local supplier were characterized using XRF, XRD and N2 adsorption-desorption techniques. Their possibilities for conversion of palm oil into biodiesel were investigated. Selected CFA was also modified with lanthanum (La) at different La loading and the influence of La loading on biodiesel conversion was evaluated. The resulted showed that the Class C CFA as contained large amount of CaO (free lime) could catalyze the transesterification to achieve the highest FAME content of 89% under the operation conditions; the reaction temperature of 200 °C, the reaction pressure of 39 bars, the catalyst loading of 5 wt% of oil, the molar of oil to methanol of 1:30 and the stirring speed of 600 rpm for 5 h. The addition of La on the Class C CFA had a negative effect on conversion of palm oil. The FAME content decreased gradually from 89 to 62% with increasing La loading from 0 to 1 wt%.

scholarly journals Advances in Corrosion-Resistant Thermal Spray Coatings for Renewable Energy Power Plants: Part II—Effect of Environment and Outlook

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1789-1850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Sadeghi ◽  
Nicolaie Markocsan ◽  
Shrikant Joshi
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Thermal Spray ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Temperature Corrosion ◽  
Thermal Spray Coatings ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Spray Coatings

Abstract High-temperature corrosion of critical components such as water walls and superheater tubes in biomass/waste-fired boilers is a major challenge. A dense and defect-free thermal spray coating has been shown to be promising to achieve a high electrical/thermal efficiency in power plants. The field of thermal spraying and quality of coatings have been progressively evolving; therefore, a critical assessment of our understanding of the efficacy of coatings in increasingly aggressive operating environments of the power plants can be highly educative. The effects of composition and microstructure on high-temperature corrosion behavior of the coatings were discussed in the first part of the review. The present paper that is the second part of the review covers the emerging research field of performance assessment of thermal spray coatings in harsh corrosion-prone environments and provides a comprehensive overview of the underlying high-temperature corrosion mechanisms that lead to the damage of exposed coatings. The application of contemporary analytical methods for better understanding of the behavior of corrosion-resistant coatings is also discussed. A discussion based on an exhaustive review of the literature provides an unbiased commentary on the advanced accomplishments and some outstanding issues in the field that warrant further research. An assessment of the current status of the field, the gaps in the scientific understanding, and the research needs for the expansion of thermal spray coatings for high-temperature corrosion applications is also provided.

An Assessment of the Performance of Closed Cycles With and Without Heat Rejection at Cryogenic Temperatures

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Agazzani ◽  
A. F. Massardo ◽  
T. Korakianitis
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Cryogenic Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Minimum ◽  
Thermodynamic Performance ◽  
Cycle Systems ◽  
Near Term

This paper presents optimized cycle performance that can be obtained with systems including a Closed Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT). The influence of maximum temperature, minimum temperature and recuperator effectiveness on cycle performance is illustrated. Several power-plant arrangements are analyzed and compared based on: thermodynamic performance (thermal efficiency and specific work); enabling technologies (available at present); and developing technologies (available in the near term or future). The work includes the effects of utilization of high temperature ceramic heat exchangers and of coupling of CCGT systems with plants vaporizing Liquid Hydrogen (LH2) or Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). Given the versatility of energy addition and rejection sources that can be utilized in closed gas-cycle systems, the thermodynamic performance of power plants shown in this paper indicate the remarkable capabilities and possibilities for closed gas-cycle systems.

scholarly journals Pyrolysis of palm empty fruit bunch: Yields and analysis of bio-oil

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 01036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bachrun Sutrisno ◽  
Arif Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Liquid Yield

The palm oil industry is currently growing rapidly and generating large amounts of biomass waste that is not utilized properly. Palm empty fruit bunch (PEFB), by product of palm oil industry is considered as a promising alternative and renewable energy source that can be converted to a liquid product by pyrolysis process. In this work, pyrolysis of PEFB was studied to produce bio-oil. Pyrolysis experiments were carried out in a bench scale tubular furnace reactor. The effects of pyrolysis temperatures (400–600 °C) at heating rate of 10 °C/min to optimize the pyrolysis process for maximum liquid yield were investigated. The characteristics of bio-oil were analyzed using FTIR and GC–MS. The results showed that the maximum bio-oil yield was 44.5 wt. % of the product at 450 °C. The bio-oil products were mainly composed of acids, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, phenols, and oligomers. The chemical characterization showed that the bio-oil obtained from PEFB may be potentially valuable as a fuel and chemical feedstock.

Current and Future Economics of Parabolic Trough Technology

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Price ◽  
Mark Mehos ◽  
Chuck Kutscher ◽  
Nate Blair
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Power Market ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Near Term ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Utility Scale

Solar energy is the largest energy resource on the planet. Unfortunately, it is largely untapped at present, in part because sunlight is a very diffuse energy source. Concentrating solar power (CSP) systems use low cost reflectors to concentrate the sun’s energy to allow it to be used more effectively. Concentrating solar power systems are also well suited for large solar power plants that can be connected into the existing utility infrastructure. These two facts mean that CSP systems can be used to make a meaningful difference in energy supply in a relatively short period. CSP plants are best suited for the arid climates in the Southwestern United States, Northern Mexico, and many desert regions around the globe. A recent Western Governors’ Association siting study [1] found that the solar potential in the U.S. Southwest is at least 4 times the total U.S. electric demand even after eliminating urban areas, environmentally sensitive areas, and all regions with a ground slope greater than 1%.While it is currently not practical to power the whole county from the desert southwest, only a small portion of this area is needed to make a substantial contribution to future U.S. electric needs. Many of the best sites are near existing high-voltage transmission lines and close to major power load centers in the Southwest (Los Angeles, Las Vegas, and Phoenix). In addition, the power provided by CSP technologies has strong coincidence with peak electric demand, especially in the Southwest where peak demand corresponds in large part to air conditioning loads. Parabolic troughs currently represent the most cost-effective CSP technology for developing large utility-scale solar electric power systems. These systems are also one of the most mature solar technologies, with commercial utility-scale plants that have been operating for over 20 years. In addition, substantial improvements have been made to the technology in recent years including improved efficiency and the addition of thermal energy storage. The main issue for parabolic trough technology is that the cost of electricity is still higher than the cost of electricity from conventional natural gas-fired power plants. Although higher natural gas prices are helping to substantially reduce the difference between the cost of electricity from solar and natural gas plants, in the near-term increased incentives such as the 30% Investment Tax Credit (ITC) are needed to make CSP technology approach competitiveness with natural gas power on a financial basis. In the longer term, additional reductions in the cost of the technology will be necessary. This paper looks at the near-term potential for parabolic trough technology to compete with conventional fossil power resources in the firm, intermediate load power market and at the longer term potential to compete in the baseload power market. The paper will consider the potential impact of a reduced carbon emissions future.

scholarly journals Torrefied Biomass as an Alternative in Coal-Fueled Power Plants: A Case Study on Grindability of Agroforestry Waste Forms

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonel J. R. Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Empirical Methods ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Waste Forms ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Hardgrove Grindability Index

The use of biomass as a renewable energy source is currently a reality, mainly due to the role it can play in replacing fossil energy sources. Within this possibility, coal substitution in the production of electric energy presents itself as a strong alternative with high potential, mostly due to the possibility of contributing to the decarbonization of energy production while, at the same time, contributing to the circularization of energy generation processes. This can be achieved through the use of biomass waste forms, which have undergone a process of improving their properties, such as torrefaction. However, for this to be viable, it is necessary that the biomass has a set of characteristics similar to those of coal, such that its use may occur in previously installed systems. In particular, with respect to grindability, which is associated with one of the core equipment technologies of coal-fired power plants—the coal mill. The objective of the present study is to determine the potential of certain residues with agroforestry origins as a replacement for coal in power generation by using empirical methods. Selected materials—namely, almond shells, kiwifruit pruning, vine pruning, olive pomace, pine woodchips, and eucalyptus woodchips—are characterized in this regard. The materials were characterized in the laboratory and submitted to a torrefaction process at 300 °C. Then, the Statistical Grindability Index and the Hardgrove Grindability Index were determined, using empirical methods derived from coal analysis. The results obtained indicate the good potential of the studied biomasses for use in large-scale torrefaction processes and as replacements for coal in the generation of electrical energy. However, further tests are still needed, particularly relating to the definition of the ideal parameters of the torrefaction process, in order to optimize the grindability of the materials.

Near-term CO2 storage potential for coal-fired power plants in China: A county-level source-sink matching assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 279 ◽  
pp. 115878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Li Fan ◽  
Shuo Shen ◽  
Shi-Jie Wei ◽  
Mao Xu ◽  
Xian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
County Level ◽  
Storage Potential ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Source Sink

scholarly journals Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Incorporating High Volume Oil Palm Biomass Waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Nor Hasanah Abdul Shukor Lim ◽  
Mostafa Samadi ◽  
Abdul Rahman Mohd. Sam ◽  
Nur Hafizah Abd Khalid ◽  
Noor Nabilah Sarbini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽  
Fuel Ash ◽  
Oil Palm Biomass ◽  
Oil Fuel

This paper studies the drying shrinkage of mortar incorporating oil palm biomass waste including Palm Oil Fuel Ash, Oil Palm Kernel Shell and Oil Palm Fibre. Nano size of palm oil fuel ash was used up to 80 % as cement replacement by weight. The ash has been treated to improve the physical and chemical properties of mortar. The mass ratio of sand to blended ashes was 3:1. The test was carried out using 25 × 25 × 160 mm prism for drying shrinkage tests and 70 × 70 ×70 mm for compressive strength test. The results show that the shrinkage value of biomass mortar is reduced by 31% compared with OPC mortar thus, showing better performance in restraining deformation of the mortar while the compressive strength increased by 24% compared with OPC mortar at later age. The study gives a better understanding of how the biomass waste affect on mortar compressive strength and drying shrinkage behaviour. Overall, the oil palm biomass waste can be used to produce a better performance mortar at later age in terms of compressive strength and drying shrinkage.

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