Enzyme inhibition, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities, and brine shrimp toxicity of extracts from the root bark, stem bark and leaves of Terminalia macroptera

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (2) ◽  
pp. 1219-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Feng Zou ◽  
Giang Thanh Thi Ho ◽  
Karl Egil Malterud ◽  
Nhat Hao Tran Le ◽  
Kari Tvete Inngjerdingen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Brine Shrimp Toxicity

scholarly journals Brine Shrimp Cytotoxic and Lemna minor Phytotoxic Evaluations of the Methanol Extracts of the Leaves, Stem and Root Barks of Sacrocephalus latifolius

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
E. O. Ikpefan
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
The Other ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Artemia Nauplii ◽  
Powder Samples

This work was aimed at evaluating the probable toxicity of the methanol extract of the leaf, stem bark and root of Sacrocephalus latifolius on Artemia nauplii and fronds of Lemna minor. The powder samples of the three morphological parts were independently extracted with soxhlet extractor apparatus using 95% methanol and were dried with aid of ritory evaporator at 40ºC. The extracts were subjected to biological activities involving brine shrimp cytotoxicity and Lemna minor test for phytotoxicity at 10-100 μg /mL respectively. The experiment was done in replicates of three. Concentration-dependent cytotoxic and phytotoxic activities were recorded for the extracts. The results revealed that extract of the leaves demonstrated significant cytotoxic and phytotoxic activities over the other parts of the plant. At 10μg/mL, the three extracts recorded little or no cytotoxic activity. However, at the maximum concentration of 1000 μg /mL, cytotoxicities of 66.67 and 3.33% were recorded for extracts of the leaf and root bark respectively, while the extract of the stem bark showed no activity. However, the LC50 of the leaf was 467.74μg /mL, and that of the other extracts were observed to be ˃1000μg /mL. The results for phytotoxicity followed a similar trend with the extracts of the leaf and root bark recording 52.96 and 23.33 % phytotoxicities respectively at 1000 μg /mL. Having shown a higher activity over the other extracts, the leaf extract of S. latifolius could serves as a natural alternative pesticide and weedicide. Keywords: Sacrocephalus latifolius, phytotoxicity, cytotoxicity, fronds, Artemia nauplii, Lemna minor

Anti-plasmodial Effects of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides

Planta Medica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (13) ◽  
pp. 1073-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Dean Goodman ◽  
An Thuy Hoang ◽  
Drissa Diallo ◽  
Karl Egil Malterud ◽  
Geoffrey I. McFadden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Zanthoxylum Zanthoxyloides ◽  
Parasitic Activity ◽  
Resistant Strains

Abstract Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides, syn. Fagara zanthoxyloides, is a tree growing in West Africa and is used in traditional medicine against a variety of diseases, including malaria. In the work reported here, root bark and stem bark extracts of this tree, as well as compounds isolated from the extracts, have been investigated for activity in vitro against chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. In addition, toxicity against nauplii of the brine shrimp Artemia salina has been studied. Dichloromethane extracts of the root bark and stem bark, and a methanol extract of the stem bark, showed anti-parasitic activity towards chloroquine-sensitive as well as chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum, with IC50 values between 1 and 10 µg/mL. Among the isolated compounds, bis-dihydrochelerythrinyl ether, buesgenine, chelerythrine, γ-fagarine, skimmianine, and pellitorine were the most active, with IC50 values of less than 5 µg/mL. The dichloromethane extracts were toxic to brine shrimp nauplii, with LC50 values of less than 1 µg/mL. Methanol extracts were much less toxic (LC50 between 50 and 100 µg/mL). Among the isolated substances, bis-dihydrochelethrinyl ether was the most toxic (LC50 ca. 2 µg/mL).

scholarly journals Pharmacognostic, phytochemical, biological and spectroscopic analyses of Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew root and stem bark

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2667-2675
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif Wazir ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal Azhar ◽  
Zafar Alam Mehmood ◽  
Muhammad Imran Qadir ◽  
M. Younis Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Spectroscopic Analyses ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Ordinary Light ◽  
Capparis Decidua

Purpose: To investigate the pharmacognostic, phytochemical, biological and spectroscopic analyses of Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew root and stem bark.Methods: Plant material (root and stem bark) was collected, authenticated, shade-dried and extracted by maceration using methanol as a solvent separately. Powder microscopy was performed using a binocular microscope. Fluorescence, physico-chemical analysis and phytochemical screening for the presence of secondary metabolites were performed using standard methods. Brine shrimp lethalitybioassay was carried out using Artemia salina bioassay, while enzymatic modulatory study was performed by α-amylase inhibition assay. Microscopic analysis was carried out with scanning electron microscopy. Spectroscopic analysis was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).Results: Powder microscopy showed the presence of different cellular structures. Various colors were observed under ultraviolet (UV) and ordinary light when treated with different reagents. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins and flavonoids but phenol and cardiac glycosides were absent from both extracts. The root bark of the plant showed significant brine shrimp lethality activity.Conclusion: Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew root and stem bark contain a variety of bioactive compounds that have medicinal and therapeutic potentials. Therefore, further investigations are required to elucidate their pharmacological properties. Keywords: Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew, Phytochemical, Spectroscopy, α-Amylase

scholarly journals Study on Phytochemical, Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Toxicity Profile of Viscum album Linn Associated with Acacia catechu

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Meena Kusi ◽  
Kanti Shrestha ◽  
Rajani Malla
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Viscum Album ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Percolation Method ◽  
Brine Shrimp Toxicity ◽  
Acacia Catechu

This study focuses on antibacterial, antioxidant and toxic potentials of Viscum album Linn, commonly known as European mistletoe associated with Acacia catechu (Khayer in Nepali). Methanol extract of the aerial parts of the Mistletoe was prepared by cold percolation method. The resulting extract was simultaneously subjected to phytochemical screening; anti-microbial activity; anti-oxidant potential and Brine shrimp toxicity test. The major biologically active phyto-constituents observed were alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids and cardiac glycosides. Upon antibacterial activity screening, the plant extract was found to be highly effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with the zone of inhibition 16±1mm compared to 17±1mm of chloramphenicol (50 mcg). The antioxidant activity as EC50 value by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity was found to be 1.58 mg/ml while the ferric reducing capacity was measured to be 282.83±19.55 mg FeSO4.7H2O eqvt/g dry wt. of the extract during Ferric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) Assay. The LC50 value for Brine Shrimp Toxicity Assay was found to be 31.62 ppm. This study shows the medicinal value of the mistletoe associated with Acacia catechu. Further meticulous analysis of this plant might lead to identification of active biomolecules effective as drugs for various ailmentsNepal Journal of Biotechnology. Dec. 2015 Vol. 3, No. 1: 60-65

scholarly journals Phytochemical, cytotoxicity and antioxidant studies on the stem bark of Piper arborescens

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 840-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Anak Daniel ◽  
Fasihuddin Badruddin Ahmad ◽  
Zaini Assim ◽  
Chua Hun Pin
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Methyl Eugenol ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
High Cytotoxicity

Phytochemical study on the stem bark of P. arborescens has isolated six secondary metabolites from the crude extracts by using column chromatography, while identification was performed by using Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The isolated metabolites were identified as caryophyllene oxide (1), α-bisabolol (2), benzamide 2-(methylamino) (3), 2-ethylpiperidine (4), piperine (5) and methyl eugenol (6). Toxicity test on the four crude extracts of P. arborescens shows a high cytotoxicity against Artemia salina brine shrimp with LC50 values ranging from 13.12 to 58.70 µg/mL. Greater cytotoxicity of the crude extracts of P. arborescens indicated the presence of potent cytotoxic components in this Piper spp. Antioxidant assay of P. arborescens against 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) indicated moderate antioxidant activities of methanol, dichloromethane, chloroform and hexane crude extracts with EC50 values of 21.68, 23.82, 32.88 and 36.88 µg/mL, respectively.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and TLC Profile of Fruits and Flowers of Alstonia venenata R. Br.

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S. K. ◽  
George E. ◽  
Kunjumon M. ◽  
Thankamani I.
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Good Resolution ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
Spray Reagent ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Ceric Sulphate

Alstonia venenata R. Br. belonging to the family Apocynaceae is a tall evergreen shrub distributed throughout Peninsular India. Stem-bark, root-bark, fruits and leaves are used by many tribal communities and also in Ayurveda. The study investigates the phytochemical composition of hexane, butanol, methanol and water extracts of Alstonia venenata fruits and flowers as well as the TLC profile of hexane extracts of fruits and flowers. Quantitative data of the wet and dry weight, yields from different solvent fractions and percentage yields were noted. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds from the various extracts. Alkaloids were present in all the fractions tested. Methanol extracts of fruits and flowers showed the presence of major phytoconstituents. TLC profile of hexane extracts of fruits and flowers were developed using anisaldehyde sulphuric acid/ceric sulphate (steroids/terpenoids) and Dragendorff’s spray reagents (alkaloids). Petroleum ether: Chloroform: Methanol (5: 4.5: 0.5) showed good resolution for the hexane extracts of fruit and flower when treated with Dragendorff’s spray reagent. Petroleum ether: Chloroform (1:1) was best for the hexane exacts of flowers and fruits when sprayed with ceric sulphate spray reagent

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Antimicrobial Compound from Stem Bark of Traditional Medicinal Plant Sonneratia apetala: Evaluation of their antimicrobial, Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Md Arifur Rahman ◽  
Ahmed Abu Rus’d ◽  
Md Enamul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Sonneratia apetala (S. apetala) (Lythraceae) has been investigated for the isolation and characterization of antimicrobial compounds and evaluation of their biological activities. The chloroform extract of the stem bark and different partitionate of the chloroform extracts i.e. Petroleum ether soluble fraction (PESF), Ethyl acetate soluble fraction(EASF), Methanol soluble fraction(MSF) and aqueous soluble fractions (ASF) were subjected to different chromatographic techniques to isolate secondary metabolites. Successive chromatographic separation and purification yielded a total of two compounds identified and characterized as Taraxerone(1) and 5,8-dihydroxy- 6-methoxy-4,9-dioxo-1,3,4,9-tetrahydronaphthol[2,3-c]furan-1-yl acetate (2) by extensive proton NMR spectrum (1H-NMRspectrum) analysis. The different partitionate like PESF, EASF, MESF and ASF were subjected to screen their antimicrobial properties against some selected Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and fungi, brine shrimp lethality and antioxidant activities. The maximum zone of inhibition of chloroform extract was found against Pseudomonas sp. (16mm). All fractions showed more activity against Gram negative bacteria then Gram positive bacteria. In the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, among all extracts, the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate soluble fraction showed significant lethality having the LC50 value of 7.72 μg/ml. The antioxidant activity was evaluated in terms of determination of free radical scavenging activity (DPPH assay). Among all the extracts of S. apetala the highest free radical scavenging activity showed by (Methanol soluble fraction) MESF with IC50 value 18.0 μg/ml. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 38, Number 1, June 2021, pp 1-5

scholarly journals In vivo antioxidant effect of aqueous root bark, stem bark and leaves extracts of Vitex doniana in CCl4 induced liver damage rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadejo Olubukola Adetoro ◽  
James Dorcas Bolanle ◽  
Sallau Balarebe Abdullahi ◽  
Ozigi Abdulrahaman Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Vitex Doniana ◽  
In Vivo Antioxidant Effect

Brine Shrimp Toxicity of Leaf and Seed Extracts of Cassia alata Linn. and Their Antibacterial Potency

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Awal ◽  
Ainun Nahar . ◽  
M. Shamim Hossain . ◽  
M.A. Bari . ◽  
M. Rahman . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Cassia Alata ◽  
Brine Shrimp Toxicity ◽  
Seed Extracts

scholarly journals Screening of Plants Used as Traditional Anticancer Remedies in Mkuranga and Same Districts, Tanzania, Using Brine Shrimp Toxicity Bioassay

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Z. Matata ◽  
Olipa D. Ngassapa ◽  
Francis Machumi ◽  
Mainen J. Moshi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Anticancer Compounds ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Brine Shrimp Toxicity

Background.Inadequate specialized cancer hospitals and high costs are contributing factors that delay cancer patients from accessing health care services in Tanzania. Consequently, majority of patients are first seen by Traditional Health Practitioners (THPs) before they access specialized services. This study presents ethnomedical information and preliminary evaluation of 25 plant species claimed by THPs in Mkuranga and Same districts of Tanzania on use for treatment of cancer. Literature search and laboratory investigation results are presented to support evaluation.Methods. This study was a single disease ethnomedical enquiry focusing on plants being used for cancer treatment.Face-to-face interviews and questionnaires were administered toeight (8) THPsin Mkuranga and Same districts on the claimed plants and their use for management of cancer. Plants were selected based on being frequently mentioned and emphasis given by THPs. Literature search and brine shrimp toxicity (BST) of methanol : dichloromethane (1:1) extracts was used as surrogates to evaluate strength of the claims.Results.This study reports 25 plant species used by the THPs in two districts of Tanzania. Eight plants (32%) have been reported in the literature to have activity against cancer cells. BST results revealed, 14 (56%) plants exhibited high toxicity against brine shrimps. The most active plants includedCroton pseudopulchellusPax (LC504.2μg/ml),Dalbergia melanoxylonGuill. & Perr. (LC506.8μg/ml),Loranthus micranthusLinn (LC504.0μg/ml),Ochna mossambicensisKlotzsch (LC503.3μg/ml), andSpirostachys africanaSond. (LC504.4μg/ml); their toxicity was comparable to that ofCatharanthus roseus(L) G. Don. (LC506.7μg/ml), an established source of anticancer compounds. Nine other plants had LC50values between (19.8 and 71.6)μg/ml, indicating also potential to yield anticancer.Conclusion.Literature search and BST results provide a strong support of the potential of the claimed plants to yield active anticancer compounds.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document