Oral treatment with methanolic extract of the root bark of Condalia buxifolia Reissek alleviates acute pain and inflammation in mice: Potential interactions with PGE2, TRPV1/ASIC and PKA signaling pathways

2016 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Róli Rodrigues Simões ◽  
Igor dos Santos Coelho ◽  
Caroline Cunha do Espírito Santo ◽  
Ademir Farias Morel ◽  
Eliane Maria Zanchet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Potential Interactions

Pain processing in the thalamocortical system

e-Neuroforum ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Groh ◽  
Rebecca Mease ◽  
Patrik Krieger
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Pain Processing ◽  
Pathological Pain ◽  
Thalamocortical System ◽  
Noxious Stimuli ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

AbstractThe transduction of painful stimuli into the experience of pain involves several peripheral and central signaling pathways of the nervous system. The organization of these pathways parallels the main functions of pain: the assessment of noxious stimuli (where, what, how strong), and the negative emotion of unpleasantness. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that the thalamocortical (TC) system, which interprets ascending pain signals, has two main pathways which support these functions. We discuss the structural and functional findings that support the view that the lateral TC pathway is involved in discriminative assessment of pain, while the medial TC pathway gives rise to aversive emotions associated with pain. Our review focuses on acute pain, but we also discuss putative TC maladaptations in humans and animal models of pain that are thought to underlie pathological pain sensations.

Isolation of Stigmasterol and β-Sitosterol from Methanolic Extract of Root Bark of Calotropis gigantea (Linn)

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 4174-4176 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rowshanul ◽  
Farjana Nikkon . ◽  
Matiar Rahman . ◽  
M. Ekramul Haque . ◽  
M. Rezaul Karim .
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Calotropis Gigantea

scholarly journals The Triterpene Constituents of the Root Bark of a Hybrid between Morus alba L. and M. rotundiloba Koidz. and its Antityrosinase Activities

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0700200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisakarn Pianwijanpong ◽  
Narongchai Pongpan ◽  
Leena Suntornsuk ◽  
Omboon Luanratana
Keyword(s):  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Linear Coefficient ◽  
Spectroscopic Analyses

Mulberry plants have various traditional uses in Thailand, China, Korea and Vietnam. Recently, the root bark of Morus alba L. is used as whitening ingredient in various skin preparations. This paper describes the isolation of two triterpenes from the root bark of a 5 years old hybrid between M. alba L. and M. rotundiloba Koidz., a mulberry sericulture NM60 which is widely grown in Thailand for tea and silk industries. Pentacyclic triterpenes, α-amyrin acetate and betulinic acid, were isolated and identified, their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. The antityrosinase activities were tested having the IC50 values of 1.57 mM and 0.50 mM respectively. A validated HPLC technique for betulinic acid was also reported. Linear regression analysis of betulinic acid fell within the range of 61.25-409.15 μg/mL with a linear coefficient of 0.9992. The percentage of recovery is in accordance with that specified by the USP. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 14.7 and 61.25 μg/mL, respectively. The analysis of the crude methanolic extract revealed 0.14% w/w betulinic acid in the root bark. These findings promote the use of the root bark extract of Thai mulberry hybrid in whitening cosmetics using betulinic acid as a marker and promote further study for the development of antimelanoma agent.

scholarly journals Antidiarrheal activity of methanolic extract of the root bark of Cordia africana

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 8 ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assefa Belay Asrie ◽  
Mohammedbrhan Abdelwuhab ◽  
Zewdneh Shewamene ◽  
Desalegn Asmelashe Gelayee ◽  
Getnet Mequanint Adinew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity ◽  
Cordia Africana

scholarly journals Inhibition of germinal vesicle breakdown by antioxidants and the roles of signaling pathways related to nitric oxide and cGMP during meiotic resumption in oocytes of a marine worm

Reproduction ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A Stricker
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Soluble Guanylate Cyclase ◽  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
Germinal Vesicle Breakdown ◽  
Nos Inhibitors ◽  
Cgmp Signaling ◽  
Sgc Stimulators ◽  
Potential Interactions ◽  
Downstream Mediator

In mammalian oocytes, cAMP elevations prevent the resumption of meiotic maturation and thereby block nuclear disassembly (germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD)), whereas nitric oxide (NO) and its downstream mediator cGMP can either inhibit or induce GVBD. Alternatively, some invertebrate oocytes use cAMP to stimulate, rather than inhibit, GVBD, and in such cases, the effects of NO/cGMP signaling on GVBD remain unknown. Moreover, potential interactions between NO/cGMP and AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) have not been assessed during GVBD. Thus, this study analyzed intraoocytic signaling pathways related to NO/cGMP in a marine nemertean worm that uses cAMP to induce GVBD. For such tests, follicle-free nemertean oocytes were stimulated to mature by seawater (SW) and cAMP elevators. Based on immunoblots and NO assays of maturing oocytes, SW triggered AMPK deactivation, NO synthase (NOS) phosphorylation, and an NO elevation. Accordingly, SW-induced GVBD was blocked by treatments involving the AMPK agonist AICAR, antioxidants, the NO scavenger carboxy-PTIO, NOS inhibitors, and cGMP antagonists that target the NO-stimulated enzyme, soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC). Conversely, SW solutions combining NO/cGMP antagonists with a cAMP elevator restored GVBD. Similarly, AICAR plus a cAMP-elevating drug reestablished GVBD while deactivating AMPK and phosphorylating NOS. Furthermore, sGC stimulators and 8-Br-cGMP triggered GVBD. Such novel results indicate that NO/cGMP signaling can upregulate SW-induced GVBD and that cAMP-elevating drugs restore GVBD by overriding the inhibition of various NO/cGMP downregulators, including AMPK. Moreover, considering the opposite effects of intraoocytic cAMP in nemerteans vs mammals, these data coincide with previous reports that NO/cGMP signaling blocks GVBD in rats.

Isoflavonoids from the Root Bark of Piscidia erythrina and a Note on the Structure of Piscidone

1989 ◽  
Vol 44 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 905-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Ingham ◽  
Satoshi Tahara ◽  
Seiji Shibaki ◽  
Junya Mizutani
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Partial Characterization ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
H Nmr

Abstract A methanolic extract of Piscidia erythrina root bark has been found to contain various isofla-vonoids including rotenone (rotenoid), lisetin (coum aronochrom one) and six known isoflavones (ichthynone, piscidone, piscerythrone, 2′-deoxypiscerythrone, 6′-prenylpiscerythrone and 3′,5′-diprenylgenistein). The extract additionally yielded three new 5-hydroxyisoflavones (piscery-thrinetin, 2′-hydroxypiscerythrinetin and isow ighteone) and a previously unreported coum arono­ chrom one (8-prenyl-lisetin). All four com pounds were identified using a com bination of spectro­ scopic (UV , MS, 1H NMR) and chemical methods. Although several other 5-hydroxyisoflavones were also isolated from the root bark extract, the quantities of each were sufficient only to permit their partial characterization. Structure 2 for piscidone has been confirmed by 1H NMR spectros­ copy.

scholarly journals Evaluation de l’activité antipyrétique, analgésique et anti-inflammatoire de l’extrait méthanolique de Vitex congolensis De Wild. & T. Durand

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3066-3078
Author(s):  
Victor Okombe Embeya ◽  
Gaël Nzuzi Mavungu
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

En République Démocratique du Congo, Vitex congolensis De Wild. & T. Durand (Lamiaceae) est une plante médicinale largement utilisée dans le traitement des pathologies à composante inflammatoire. La présente étude a eu pour objectif d’évaluer les activités antipyrétique, analgésique et anti-inflammatoire de l’extrait méthanolique de la poudre d’écorce de racine de cette espèce sur des modèles de pyrexie, algésie et  inflammation induites chez les cobayes. L’étude a concerné 24 cobayes de deux sexes répartis en quatre lots de 6 animaux : un lot témoin positif traité avec du diclofenac en intrapéritonéale, un lot témoin négatif ayant reçu soit de l’eau distillée per os soit du sérum physiologique en  intrapéritonéale ainsi que deux lots ayant respectivement reçu 100 mg et 300 mg de l’extrait méthanolique de la poudre d’écorce de racines de V. congolensis par kg de poids corporel par voie orale. Les deux doses (100 et 300 mg) de l’extrait méthanolique préviennent de façon significative, le processus inflammatoire comparativement aux lots standard (médicaments de références) et contrôle négatif (eau distillée/sérum physiologique). L’étude a montré que l’extrait méthanolique d’écorces de racine de V. congolensis pourrait être une source potentielle des nouveaux  médicaments anti-inflammatoires.Mots clés: antipyrétique, analgésique, anti-inflammatoire, extrait  méthanolique, Vitex congolensis De Wild. & T. Durand. English Title: Antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the methanolic extract of Vitex congolensis De Wild. & T. DurandIn the Democratic Republic of Congo, Vitex congolensis De Wild. & T. Durand (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant widely used in the treatment of pathologies with an inflammatory component. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the methanolic extract of the powder of this species on models of pyrexia, algesia and inflammation induced in guinea pigs. The study concerned 24 guinea pigs of both sexes divided into 4 lots of six animals each : a positive control group treated with diclofenac intraperitoneally, a negative control group that received either oral or intraperitoneal (distilled water / physiological saline) ; and two groups respectively receiving 100 mg and 300 mg of the methanolic extract of the root bark powder of V. congolensis per kg of body weight orally. The two doses (100 and 300 mg) of the methanolic extract significantly prevent the inflammatory process compared to standard batches (reference drugs) and negative control (distilled water / physiological saline). The study showed that the methanolic extract of V. congolensis root bark could be a potential source of new anti-inflammatory drugs.Keywords: antipyretic; analgesic, anti-inflammatory, methanolic crude, Vitex congolensis De Wild. & T.Durand.

scholarly journals Dictamnine, a Novel c-Met Inhibitor, Suppresses the Proliferation of Lung Cancer Cells by Downregulating the PI3K/Ak/mTOR and MAPK Signaling Pathways

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaojiao Yu ◽  
Lijing Zhang ◽  
Jun Peng ◽  
Richard Ward ◽  
Peiqi Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Colony Formation ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Met Inhibitor ◽  
Mapk Signaling Pathways

Abstract Background: Dictamnine (Dic), a naturally occurring furoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz., is reported to display a wide range of potential pharmacological properties including anticancer activity against multiple cancer types. However, little is known about the direct target proteins and anticancer mechanisms of Dic.Methods: Anticancer effects of Dic and chemotherapy resistance of lung cancer were determined by CCK8, EdU and apoptosis assay. Boyden chamber migration and invasion, wound healing assay, plate colony formation and sphere formation assay were performed to explore the effects of Dic on metastasis and stemness of lung cancer cells. Protein docking analysis, cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) were used for prediction and confirmation of the interaction between Dic and c-Met. qRT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used in mechanism investigation. Tumor xenograft model was used to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of Dic in vivo.Results: Dic was found to suppress the proliferation of lung cancer cells and attenuate the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways by directly inhibiting the phosphorylation and activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met. Moreover, Dic treatment significantly inhibited the colony formation, migration, invasion, stemness, adhesive ability, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and in vivo xenograft tumor growth of A549 lung cancer cells. Notably, the combination of Dic and gefitinib synergistically inhibited the cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and suppressed the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways in PC9 gefitinib resistant cells.Conclusions: In conclusion, Dic was identified as a novel c-Met inhibitor and our results suggest the potential use of Dic as a new therapeutic agent in the treatment of lung cancer or other cancers with overactive c-Met pathway.

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