Isoflavonoids from the Root Bark of Piscidia erythrina and a Note on the Structure of Piscidone

1989 ◽  
Vol 44 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 905-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Ingham ◽  
Satoshi Tahara ◽  
Seiji Shibaki ◽  
Junya Mizutani
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Partial Characterization ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
H Nmr

Abstract A methanolic extract of Piscidia erythrina root bark has been found to contain various isofla-vonoids including rotenone (rotenoid), lisetin (coum aronochrom one) and six known isoflavones (ichthynone, piscidone, piscerythrone, 2′-deoxypiscerythrone, 6′-prenylpiscerythrone and 3′,5′-diprenylgenistein). The extract additionally yielded three new 5-hydroxyisoflavones (piscery-thrinetin, 2′-hydroxypiscerythrinetin and isow ighteone) and a previously unreported coum arono­ chrom one (8-prenyl-lisetin). All four com pounds were identified using a com bination of spectro­ scopic (UV , MS, 1H NMR) and chemical methods. Although several other 5-hydroxyisoflavones were also isolated from the root bark extract, the quantities of each were sufficient only to permit their partial characterization. Structure 2 for piscidone has been confirmed by 1H NMR spectros­ copy.

scholarly journals The Triterpene Constituents of the Root Bark of a Hybrid between Morus alba L. and M. rotundiloba Koidz. and its Antityrosinase Activities

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0700200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisakarn Pianwijanpong ◽  
Narongchai Pongpan ◽  
Leena Suntornsuk ◽  
Omboon Luanratana
Keyword(s):  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Linear Coefficient ◽  
Spectroscopic Analyses

Mulberry plants have various traditional uses in Thailand, China, Korea and Vietnam. Recently, the root bark of Morus alba L. is used as whitening ingredient in various skin preparations. This paper describes the isolation of two triterpenes from the root bark of a 5 years old hybrid between M. alba L. and M. rotundiloba Koidz., a mulberry sericulture NM60 which is widely grown in Thailand for tea and silk industries. Pentacyclic triterpenes, α-amyrin acetate and betulinic acid, were isolated and identified, their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. The antityrosinase activities were tested having the IC50 values of 1.57 mM and 0.50 mM respectively. A validated HPLC technique for betulinic acid was also reported. Linear regression analysis of betulinic acid fell within the range of 61.25-409.15 μg/mL with a linear coefficient of 0.9992. The percentage of recovery is in accordance with that specified by the USP. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 14.7 and 61.25 μg/mL, respectively. The analysis of the crude methanolic extract revealed 0.14% w/w betulinic acid in the root bark. These findings promote the use of the root bark extract of Thai mulberry hybrid in whitening cosmetics using betulinic acid as a marker and promote further study for the development of antimelanoma agent.

scholarly journals Anti-oxidant, Cytotoxic and Apoptotic studies of root bark assisted Silver Nanoparticles from Aphanamixis polystachya

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 943-950
Author(s):  
Rajashree Gude ◽  
Arun B. Joshi ◽  
Anant Bhandarkar
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
Mcf 7

The aim of the present investigations was to fabricate and prepare silver nanoparticles from the root bark of Aphanamixis polystachya available in Western Ghats of India and also to assess their antioxidant, cytotoxic and apoptotic activity. The root bark extract of the plant, A. polystachya was used for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNP). The AgNP were characterized with the help of UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDAX), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD)and Thermogravimetric analysis. The cytotoxic and apoptotic effects were studied using methanolic extract and AgNP of A. polystachya on human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). Silver nanosuspension was formulated, and in vitro, antioxidant activity by DPPH assay and Nitric Oxide assay were assessed on a methanolic extract of the root bark and silver nanosuspension of A. polystachya. The percentage cell growth on MCF-7 cells was found to be 39.8, 21.6, 18.0 and 15.6 at 10, 20, 40 and 80µg/ml respectively. In the case of MDA-MB231 cells, the percentage of cell growth was found to be 99.2, 80.0, 67.2 and 54.6 at 10, 20, 40 and 80 µg/ml. Growth inhibition (GI50) of <10µg and >80µg was observed in MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 cell lines. A. polystachya silver nanosuspension significantly enhanced the antiradical potential against nitric oxide scavenging assay (IC50 4.7µg/ml) as compared with methanolic extract of A. polystachya. The formulation of silver nanosuspension of A. polystachya significantly enhanced the antiradical potential as compared with the methanolic extract of root bark of A. polystachya.

scholarly journals Vascular Protection by Ethanol Extract of Morus alba Root Bark: Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation of Rat Aorta and Decrease of Smooth Muscle Cell Migration and Proliferation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Panth ◽  
Keshav Raj Paudel ◽  
Dal-Seong Gong ◽  
Min-Ho Oak
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Morus alba (white mulberry) is native to the northern part of Korea and popularly used as a traditional medicine due to its numerous health benefits against human’s disease. However, the possibility that M. alba may also affect the cardiovascular system remains unexplored. This study sought to investigate the vascular protective effects of the root bark extract of M. alba (MAE). Vascular reactivity was performed in organ baths using isolated rat thoracic aorta, while platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were studied by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) and wound healing assay, respectively. MAE evoked a concentration dependent vasorelaxation following endothelium-dependent pathway. However, vessel relaxations in response to MAE were markedly reduced after endothelium removal; treatment of endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, and nonspecific potassium channel inhibitor, however, was not altered by cyclooxygenase inhibitor. Furthermore, MAE also significantly blunted contractile response to vasoconstrictor agent, phenylephrine. Taken together, the current evidence revealed that MAE is a potent endothelium-dependent vasodilator and this effect was involved in, at least in part, nitric oxide cyclic-guanosine monophosphate (NO-cGMP) pathway in combination with potassium (K+) channel activation. Moreover, MAE inhibited proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by PDGF. Therefore, MAE could be a promising candidate of natural medicine for preventing and controlling cardiovascular diseases linked with endothelial dysfunction.

scholarly journals Bacteriostatic and Bactericidal effects of ethyl acetate root bark extract of Terminalia avicennioides on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Ekene Ugochukwu Adim ◽  
Emeka John Dingwoke ◽  
Fatima Amin Adamude ◽  
Chidi Edenta ◽  
Ndubuisi Nwobodo Nwobodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Bactericidal Effects

Effect of Morus alba root bark extract on gene-level expression of inflammatory markers in rats subjected to ethanol and cerulein induced pancreatitis– influence of heat shock protein 70

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha Yuvaraj ◽  
Arumugam Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Nf Kappa B ◽  
Serum Lipase ◽  
Hsp70 Mrna ◽  
Caspase 1

Abstract Background Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a persistent inflammation of the pancreas clinically presented with severe abdominal pain, progressive fibrosis, and loss of exocrine and endocrine functions. Inflammasomes, cytosolic multiprotein complexes which regulate the formation of proinflammatory cytokines, are influenced by various factors including heat shock proteins (HSPs). Morus alba L., or white mulberry root bark is a valued traditional Asian medicine with a diverse array of phytochemicals. The aim of this investigation was to define the modulatory action of methanolic extract of Morus alba root bark (MEMARB) on NLRP3 inflammasome, and HSPs in pancreas subjected to inflammatory insult. Methods Pancreatitis was induced in male albino Wistar rats by ethanol (0–36%) and cerulein (20 µg/kg b.wt., i.p.) for 5 weeks with or without MEMARB administration. Serum lipase/amylase (L/A) ratio, oxidative stress index (OSI) and reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio in the pancreas were evaluated. Levels of serum HSP70 was quantified by ELISA. NF-kappa B, NLRP3-ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, and HSP70 gene expression was quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results L/A ratio and oxidative stress determined in terms of OSI and GSH/GSSG ratio were elevated in pancreatitis-induced rats. The levels were restored in MEMARB co-administered animals. Serum level of HSP70 was increased in pancreatitis-induced animals and dropped significantly in MEMARB co-administrated rats. Pancreatitis-induced group showed increased expression of NF-kappa B, IL-1β, IL-18, caspase-1, NLRP3-ASC and HSP70 mRNA than in MEMARB treated group. Conclusions It can be concluded that the M. alba root extract modulates the expression of HSP70 and NLRP3-ASC which might be attributed to its pancreato-protective effect.

scholarly journals Some behavioural studies on methanol root bark extract of Burkea africana (fabaceae) in mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
AH Yaro ◽  
S Malami ◽  
J Yau ◽  
CN Sagoe ◽  
JA Anuka
Keyword(s):  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark

scholarly journals GENDER SPECIFIC VARIATION OF TWO PHENOLIC GLYCOSIDES (POPULIN AND SALICIN) IN POPULUS CILIATA AND IDENTIFICATION OF A NEW COMPOUND (CINNAMOYL-SALICIN)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Amita Kumari ◽  
Navneet K. Upadhyay ◽  
Prem K. Khosla
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Phenolic Glycosides ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Flowering Season ◽  
Crude Plant Extract ◽  
Populus Ciliata ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Gender Specific

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To observe gender specific seasonal variation of two phenolic glycosides (PG’s) (populin and salicin) in <em>Populus ciliata</em> male and female trees.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plant material (bark) was collected from male and female trees throughout the year. The content of salicin and populin was measured using HPLC. Because of the lack of populin in the market, the standard compound was synthesized in the laboratory from salicin following standard procedure. Confirmation and characterization of synthesized populin were done using <sup>1</sup>H NMR and <sup>13</sup>C NMR. TLC and LC-MS of methanolic extract were performed to observe the presence of populin and salicin in the plant bark.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TLC showed the presence of populin and salicin in crude plant extract at Rf value 0.84 and 0.52, respectively. The results of monthly variation showed a consistent pattern of two PG’s for both the sexes. However, salicin content was observed highest compared to populin content. Whereas female trees were observed with low content of PG’s compared to male trees. The maximum content of salicin and populin was observed in the flowering season. LC-MS of bark methanolic extract confirmed the presence of a significantly larger peak, which was identified as a cinnamoyl-salicin peak at 463.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study confirms the highest content of PG’s in the flowering season. Additionally, LC-MS study concluded a new compound cinnamoyl-salicin (M<sup>+</sup>at 463) which is reported first time to the best of author’s knowledge. It seems that it could be the denaturation product of 2'-O-cinnamoyl salicortin and can be further explored for biological applications.</p>

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo evaluation of antibacterial activity of Bridelia ferruginea extracts on some clinical isolates

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-398
Author(s):  
B.T Yunana ◽  
◽  
B. B Bukar ◽  
J. C Aguiyi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Bridelia Ferruginea

The ethanol extracts of root, bark and leaf of Bridelia ferruginea was investigated for antibacterial activity against clinical isolate of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The extracts had significant antibacterial activity in vitro at concentration of 25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml and 200 mg/ml and in vivo at dose of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg. The root extract in vitro had the highest zone of inhibition, followed by the bark extract for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The concentration of 200 mg/ml had the highest zone of inhibition in vitro. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed a decreasing inhibitory effect of the plant extracts for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as the concentration decreases with root having 3.125 mg/ml, bark having 6.25 mg/ml and leaf having 25 mg/ml for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Likewise, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) showed decreasing bactericide effects with decrease concentration with root having 12.5 mg/ml, bark having 12.5 mg/ml and leaf having 25 mg/ml for Escherichia coli while root had 6.25mg/ml, bark had 12.5mg/ml and leaf had 25mg/ml for Staphylococcus aureus. The in vivo investigation showed that the root and bark extract exhibited antibacterial activity on both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at doses of 100mg/kg and 50mg/kg; the root extract had higher activity than the bark and root/bark combined. The dose of 100 mg/kg had the highest colonies reduction for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vivo. Preliminary phytochemical screening of root, bark and leaves of Bridelia ferruginea revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, carbohydrates, cardiac glycoside (root, bark and leaves), saponins (root and bark). The presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoid, cardiac glycoside and carbohydrate in the bark and root extracts of the plant indicates that the bark and root extracts were pharmacological importance

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