scholarly journals The Triterpene Constituents of the Root Bark of a Hybrid between Morus alba L. and M. rotundiloba Koidz. and its Antityrosinase Activities

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0700200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisakarn Pianwijanpong ◽  
Narongchai Pongpan ◽  
Leena Suntornsuk ◽  
Omboon Luanratana
Keyword(s):  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Linear Coefficient ◽  
Spectroscopic Analyses

Mulberry plants have various traditional uses in Thailand, China, Korea and Vietnam. Recently, the root bark of Morus alba L. is used as whitening ingredient in various skin preparations. This paper describes the isolation of two triterpenes from the root bark of a 5 years old hybrid between M. alba L. and M. rotundiloba Koidz., a mulberry sericulture NM60 which is widely grown in Thailand for tea and silk industries. Pentacyclic triterpenes, α-amyrin acetate and betulinic acid, were isolated and identified, their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. The antityrosinase activities were tested having the IC50 values of 1.57 mM and 0.50 mM respectively. A validated HPLC technique for betulinic acid was also reported. Linear regression analysis of betulinic acid fell within the range of 61.25-409.15 μg/mL with a linear coefficient of 0.9992. The percentage of recovery is in accordance with that specified by the USP. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 14.7 and 61.25 μg/mL, respectively. The analysis of the crude methanolic extract revealed 0.14% w/w betulinic acid in the root bark. These findings promote the use of the root bark extract of Thai mulberry hybrid in whitening cosmetics using betulinic acid as a marker and promote further study for the development of antimelanoma agent.

scholarly journals Vascular Protection by Ethanol Extract of Morus alba Root Bark: Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation of Rat Aorta and Decrease of Smooth Muscle Cell Migration and Proliferation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Panth ◽  
Keshav Raj Paudel ◽  
Dal-Seong Gong ◽  
Min-Ho Oak
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Morus alba (white mulberry) is native to the northern part of Korea and popularly used as a traditional medicine due to its numerous health benefits against human’s disease. However, the possibility that M. alba may also affect the cardiovascular system remains unexplored. This study sought to investigate the vascular protective effects of the root bark extract of M. alba (MAE). Vascular reactivity was performed in organ baths using isolated rat thoracic aorta, while platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were studied by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) and wound healing assay, respectively. MAE evoked a concentration dependent vasorelaxation following endothelium-dependent pathway. However, vessel relaxations in response to MAE were markedly reduced after endothelium removal; treatment of endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, and nonspecific potassium channel inhibitor, however, was not altered by cyclooxygenase inhibitor. Furthermore, MAE also significantly blunted contractile response to vasoconstrictor agent, phenylephrine. Taken together, the current evidence revealed that MAE is a potent endothelium-dependent vasodilator and this effect was involved in, at least in part, nitric oxide cyclic-guanosine monophosphate (NO-cGMP) pathway in combination with potassium (K+) channel activation. Moreover, MAE inhibited proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by PDGF. Therefore, MAE could be a promising candidate of natural medicine for preventing and controlling cardiovascular diseases linked with endothelial dysfunction.

Effect of Morus alba root bark extract on gene-level expression of inflammatory markers in rats subjected to ethanol and cerulein induced pancreatitis– influence of heat shock protein 70

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha Yuvaraj ◽  
Arumugam Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Nf Kappa B ◽  
Serum Lipase ◽  
Hsp70 Mrna ◽  
Caspase 1

Abstract Background Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a persistent inflammation of the pancreas clinically presented with severe abdominal pain, progressive fibrosis, and loss of exocrine and endocrine functions. Inflammasomes, cytosolic multiprotein complexes which regulate the formation of proinflammatory cytokines, are influenced by various factors including heat shock proteins (HSPs). Morus alba L., or white mulberry root bark is a valued traditional Asian medicine with a diverse array of phytochemicals. The aim of this investigation was to define the modulatory action of methanolic extract of Morus alba root bark (MEMARB) on NLRP3 inflammasome, and HSPs in pancreas subjected to inflammatory insult. Methods Pancreatitis was induced in male albino Wistar rats by ethanol (0–36%) and cerulein (20 µg/kg b.wt., i.p.) for 5 weeks with or without MEMARB administration. Serum lipase/amylase (L/A) ratio, oxidative stress index (OSI) and reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio in the pancreas were evaluated. Levels of serum HSP70 was quantified by ELISA. NF-kappa B, NLRP3-ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, and HSP70 gene expression was quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results L/A ratio and oxidative stress determined in terms of OSI and GSH/GSSG ratio were elevated in pancreatitis-induced rats. The levels were restored in MEMARB co-administered animals. Serum level of HSP70 was increased in pancreatitis-induced animals and dropped significantly in MEMARB co-administrated rats. Pancreatitis-induced group showed increased expression of NF-kappa B, IL-1β, IL-18, caspase-1, NLRP3-ASC and HSP70 mRNA than in MEMARB treated group. Conclusions It can be concluded that the M. alba root extract modulates the expression of HSP70 and NLRP3-ASC which might be attributed to its pancreato-protective effect.

scholarly journals UPLC Method Development and Validation for the Determination of Chlophedianol Hydrochloride in Syrup Dosage Form

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Anas Rasheed ◽  
Osman Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Dosage Form ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Calibration Plot ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Ich Guidelines ◽  
Bulk Drug ◽  
Development And Validation

A specific, precise, accurate ultra pressure liquid chromatography (UPLC) method is developed for estimation of chlophedianol hydrochloride in bulk drug and syrup dosage form. The method employed with Hypersil BDS C18 (100 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) in a gradient mode, with mobile phase of methanol and acetonitrile in the ratio of 65:35 %v/v. The flow rate was 0.1 ml/min and effluent was monitored at 254 nm. Retention time was found to be 1.130±0.005 min. The method was validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ)in accordance with ICH guidelines. Linear regression analysis data for the calibration plot showed that there was good linear relationship between response and concentration in the range of 20-100 μg/ml respectively. The LOD and LOQ values were found to be 2.094(μg/ml)and 6.3466(μg/ml)respectively. No chromatographic interference from syrup excipients and degradants were found. The proposed method was successfully used for estimation of chlophedianol hydrochloride in syrup dosage form.

Hypoglycemic effect of Egyptian Morus alba root bark extract: Effect on diabetes and lipid peroxidation of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel Nasser B. Singab ◽  
Hesham A. El-Beshbishy ◽  
Makiko Yonekawa ◽  
Taro Nomura ◽  
Toshio Fukai
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Hypoglycemic Effect ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark

Quantification of Newly Discovered Anti-Cancer Drug Enzalutamide in Bulk and Synthetic Mixture by Stability Indicating TLC Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Jayantibhai Prajapati ◽  
Usmangani Khalilurraheman Chhalotiya ◽  
Minesh Dahyabhai Prajapati ◽  
Jalpa Upendrabhai Patel ◽  
Jaineel Vinodrai Desai
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Synthetic Mixture ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Stability Indicating

Objective: An impressionable, discriminatory and precise stability indicating high performance thin layer chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the estimation of Enzalutamide in bulk and synthetic mixture. Method: The method engaged HPTLC aluminium plates pre-coated with silica gel 60F-254 as the stationary phase while the solvent system was ethyl acetate: toluene (4.5:5.5, v/v). The Rf value of enzalutamide was detected to be 0. 39 &amp;#177; 0. 005 and the densitometric analysis was carried out in absorbance mode at 246 nm. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots presented a virtuous linear relationship for enzalutamide over a concentration range of 20 - 1000ng/band. Results: The limit of detection and limit of quantification for enzalutamide was found to be 9.05 and 27.43 ng/band. Enzalutamide was imperilled to acid and alkali hydrolysis, chemical oxidation, dry heat degradation and photolytic degradation. The degraded product peaks were well resolved from the pure drug peak with substantial difference in their Rf values. Conclusion: Stressed samples were assayed using developed TLC technique. Suggested method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness. The method was successfully applied to the estimation of enzalutamide in synthetic mixture.<P&gt;

Isoflavonoids from the Root Bark of Piscidia erythrina and a Note on the Structure of Piscidone

1989 ◽  
Vol 44 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 905-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Ingham ◽  
Satoshi Tahara ◽  
Seiji Shibaki ◽  
Junya Mizutani
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Partial Characterization ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
H Nmr

Abstract A methanolic extract of Piscidia erythrina root bark has been found to contain various isofla-vonoids including rotenone (rotenoid), lisetin (coum aronochrom one) and six known isoflavones (ichthynone, piscidone, piscerythrone, 2′-deoxypiscerythrone, 6′-prenylpiscerythrone and 3′,5′-diprenylgenistein). The extract additionally yielded three new 5-hydroxyisoflavones (piscery-thrinetin, 2′-hydroxypiscerythrinetin and isow ighteone) and a previously unreported coum arono­ chrom one (8-prenyl-lisetin). All four com pounds were identified using a com bination of spectro­ scopic (UV , MS, 1H NMR) and chemical methods. Although several other 5-hydroxyisoflavones were also isolated from the root bark extract, the quantities of each were sufficient only to permit their partial characterization. Structure 2 for piscidone has been confirmed by 1H NMR spectros­ copy.

scholarly journals Morus alba Prevented the Cyclophosphamide Induced Somatic and Germinal Cell Damage in Male Rats by Ameliorating the Antioxidant Enzyme Levels

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1266
Author(s):  
Abhijit Ghosh ◽  
Syed Imam Rabbani ◽  
Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq ◽  
Yahya Mohzari ◽  
Ahmed Alrashed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Damage ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Germinal Cell ◽  
Nuclear Damage

Cytogenetic analysis is essential to determine the effect of mutagens and antimutagens on genetic material. This study was done to evaluate the protective effect of root bark extract of Morus alba (M. alba) against cyclophosphamide induced somatic and germinal cell damage in male rats. The ethanolic extract of M. alba (0.25, 0.5 and 1 g/kg, 2 weeks) was evaluated against cyclophosphamide (75 mg/kg, single dose) induced nuclear damage. The sampling was done after 48 h of the clastogen treatment. The somatic and germinal nuclear damage was studied by bone marrow micronucleus and sperm analysis, respectively. Serum superoxide and catalase levels were estimated to determine the antioxidant status in each group. The results were analyzed statistically to find the significant variation. The administration of M. alba for 2 weeks suppressed dose-dependently the changes induced by cyclophosphamide. M. alba (0.5 g/kg) decreased the frequency of micronucleated erythrocyte, sperm shape abnormality and enhanced the sperm count, sperm motility and polychromatic-normochromatic erythrocytes ratio significantly (p < 0.05) in comparison with the cyclophosphamide treated group. The highest tested dose of M. alba (1 g/kg) produced more prominent suppression (p < 0.01) in the cyclophosphamide-induced somatic and germinal cell defects. The results also showed significant (p < 0.05) improvement in the serum antioxidant enzymes levels with M. alba when compared with the challenge group. The lower dose of M. alba extract (0.25 g/kg) prevented the CP-induced changes but was found to be statistically insignificant. Therefore, antimutagenic potential of the high dose of the extract of M. alba is possibly due to its antioxidant nature. The ability of the M. alba extract to prevent the nuclear damage could play an important role in overcoming several mutational defects that are associated with anticancer chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Determination of Cassiarin A Level of Cassia siamea Leaf Obtained from Various Regions in Indonesia Using the TLC-Densitometry Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Wiwied Ekasari ◽  
Yuli Widiyastuti ◽  
Dyah Subositi ◽  
Rini Hamsidi ◽  
Aty Widyawaruyanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Cassia Siamea ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation

Cassia siamea leaf has been proven in vitro and in vivo to have a strong antimalarial activity with Cassiarin A as its active compound. To obtain a source of C. siamea medicinal plant with high level of active antimalarial compound (Cassiarin A), a valid method for determining Cassiarin A level is needed. For this reason, this research conducts the validation of the Cassiarin A content with determination method using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) densitometry which includes the determination of selectivity (Rs), linearity (r), accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ). Cassiarin A was chromatographed on silica gel 60 F254 TLC plate using chloroform : ethanol (85 : 15 v/v) as a mobile phase. Cassiarin A was quantified by densitometric analysis at 368 nm. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots showed good linear relationship with r = 0.9995. The method was validated for precision, recovery, repeatability. The minimum detectable amount was found to be 0.0027 μg/spot, whereas the limit of quantitation was found to be 0.008 μg/spot. The results of this validation are then used to determine the Cassiarin A level of C. siamea leaf from various regions in Indonesia. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the TLC-densitometry method can be used to determine level of the Cassiarin A compound with the advantages of being fast, easy, accurate, and inexpensive. In addition, it showed that C. siamea leaves from Pacitan have the highest level of Cassiarin A compared to other areas studied.

scholarly journals Isolation and TLC Densitometric Quantification of Lysergol from the Seeds of Ipomoea muricata (Linn.) Jacq.

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Shrikant Patil ◽  
Manish Nivsarkar ◽  
Sheetal Anandajiwala
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Phase Plate ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Chloroform Methanol ◽  
Instrumental Precision

Seeds of Ipomoea muricata, well known in Ayurveda for its purgative action, contains mainly indole alkaloids. Lysergol (major alkaloid) exhibits hypotensive, psychotropic, and uterus and intestine-stimulating properties. TLC fingerprint profile of I. muricata seeds was developed using chloroform : methanol (95 : 5 v/v) as the mobile phase. Plate was visualized under UV 254 nm and UV 366 nm and after derivatization with Van Urk reagent. Lysergol resolved at . Further, TLC-densitometric method was developed and validated for quantification of Lysergol avoiding derivatization step. Ethyl acetate :  methanol (7 : 3 v/v) was used as the mobile phase. Linear regression analysis data for the calibration curve showed a good linear relationship () in the concentration range from 20 ng to 140 ng, with respect to the peak area. The developed method was precise with RSD for intraday (range from 1.20 to 1.89) and interday (range from 1.39 to 1.92) for 60, 80, and 100 ng/spot of Lysergol. The instrumental precision was 0.67 (% RSD). The limit of detection and limit of quantification for Lysergol were 12 ng and 40 ng, respectively. The average percentage recovery was 99.68. The amount of Lysergol was found to be 0.23% w/w. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report for the quantification of Lysergol from I. muricata seeds without derivatization.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN LAYERCHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR CIPROFLOXACIN BY QUALITY BY DESIGN APPROACH

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
SHRADDHA V TATHE ◽  
MORESHWAR P MAHAJAN ◽  
RASHMI G PINJARKAR ◽  
ARUN M KASHID
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Quality By Design ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Factor Screening ◽  
Validation Parameters ◽  
Time Band

Objective: The aim of this paper is to create a new, systematic high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for ciprofloxacin that is based on quality by design (QbD). Methods: The mobile phase was chloroform: IPA: H2O: Formic Acid (2:7:0.5:0.5V/V), and the chromatographic separation was performed on aluminum-backed silica gel 60 F254 plates. Ciprofloxacin was detected using UV light at 278nm. In factor screening studies, a 3-factor 17-run standard 3-level factorial design was used, and a Box-Behnken design was used to optimize HPTLC experimental parameters for obtaining anticipated chromatographic conditions. The basic method parameters were tested to understand risk assessment. Three independent parameters, such as saturation time, band duration, and migration distance, were chosen and analyzed based on the risk assessment to see if these three parameters influenced the responses. For ciprofloxacin, the method produces a compact and well-resolved band at Rf = 0.40 0.02. In the linear regression analysis performed on ciprofloxacin, the regression coefficient was found to be r2 = 0.996. Results: According to the International Council on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, it was validated for validation parameters such as accuracy, precision, robustness, the limit of detection, and the limit of quantification. The proposed method for ciprofloxacin determination was found to be straightforward, precise, reliable, stable, and sensitive. Conclusion: The QbD method produced a more robust method that can generate accurate, high-quality, and reliable data during the process, and it can be effectively used in the routine inspection of Ciprofloxacin in the tablets dosage form.

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