Detection of Streptococcus agalactiae by immunochromatography with group B streptococcus - specific surface immunogenic protein in pregnant women

Consequence of Streptococcus agalactiae, Group B Streptococcus (GBS) relating infant’s diseases are well documented. Although many women carry this bacterium in their vagina, they may transfer to their infant during delivery and may result in different neonatal invasive diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of GBS and serotyping the isolated species among un-selective non-pregnant women who attended two gynecology clinics in Tehran. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 560 vaginal samples collected from non-pregnant women. Following inoculation of the specimen on Blood Agar, the standard technology was applied for the final identification of GBS. Detected GBS species were further confirmed using specific PCR directed on dlts gene. Capsular serotyping was done by using the multiplex PCR method. The chi-square method was used for statistical analysis. Fifty (8.9%) out of 560 non-pregnant women were carriers of GBS. The most common types were III (36%), followed by type II (32%), Ia (26%), and Ib (6%), respectively. Results represent that the prevalence rate of GBS in non-pregnant women was reliable and similar to what obtained from pregnant women. In addition, the serotype III was found the most dominant types, as well as other investigations in the Tehran area. Therefore, vaccine designation based on type III is recommended.

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Multicenter Study of the Mechanisms of Resistance and Clonal Relationships of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolates Resistant to Macrolides, Lincosamides, and Ketolides in Spain

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.49.6.2525-2527.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 2525-2527 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

J. J. Gonzalez ◽

A. Andreu

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Multicenter Study ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Clonal Diversity ◽

Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽

Resistant Group ◽

Group B

ABSTRACT Macrolide, lincosamide, and ketolide mechanisms of resistance and clonal relationships were characterized in a collection of 79 resistant group B streptococcus isolates obtained from neonates or pregnant women. The erm(B), erm(TR), and mef(A) genes were present in 62%, 30.4%, and 3.8% of the isolates, respectively. There was considerable clonal diversity among them.

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R2219 Comparative study of group B Streptococcus differential agar versus LIM broth for detection and identification of Streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents ◽

10.1016/s0924-8579(07)72058-7 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. S642-S643

Author(s):

A. Adler ◽

C. Block ◽

D. Engelstein ◽

D. Hochner-Celnicier ◽

R. Drai-Hasid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Detection And Identification ◽

Group B

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Infection and drug resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae among perinatal pregnant women in Xinjiang

10.21203/rs.3.rs-608405/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shuli Guo ◽

Xiandao Luo ◽

Haiying Jia ◽

Xiuhui Pang ◽

Changmin Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Resistance ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Target Site ◽

Macrolide Resistance ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Resistance Phenotype ◽

Ermb Gene ◽

Group B

Abstract Background: Group B streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) is one of the most common pathogens causing meningitis, bacteremia and pneumonia. The drug resistance mechanisms of group B streptococcus in different countries and regions also show regional differences.Method: The study population was comprised of 1877 pregnant women of 34-38 weeks who underwent prenatal examination in the gynecology and obstetrics outpatient clinic of Xinjiang People's Hospital, between January 1, 2019 and January 31, 2020. Clinic specimens were collected and identified by the API bacteria Rapid Identification card for the downstream group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) isolation. Drug susceptibility of the Streptococcus agalactiae isolated was detected by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Macrolide–lincosamide–streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance was determined by D test. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Gene sequencing was performed for the resistance genes ermA, ermB, mreA, erm (47), mefA/E and Lin B.Results: 149 Streptococcus agalactiae-positive strains were identified by clinical isolation, with a positive rate of 7.94%. Group B Streptococcus showed 100% susceptibility to linezolid, penicillin, vancomycin, meropenem, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, 44.97%, 35.57%, 56.38% and 29.53% susceptibility to levofloxacin, erythromycin, tetracycline and clindamycin, respectively. Among the 149 isolates, 127 strains showed macrolide resistance phenotype. The detection rate of intrinsic resistance phenotype (cMLS) was 40.94% (59/127), active efflux resistance phenotype (MS) 9.45% (12/127), and induced resistance phenotype (iMLS) 22.83% (29/127).Conclusion: The ermB gene-mediated 50s ribosome target site change co-existing with mreA gene for macrolide resistance efflux may play a major role in the mechanism of Streptococcus agalactiae resistance macrolide resistance of in perinatal women in Xinjiang. The change of 50s ribosomal target site mediated by ermB gene may be the main reason for drug cross-resistance.

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Oxytocin in Induction of Labor in Pregnancy with Group B Streptococcal Portage

Acta Medica Transilvanica ◽

10.2478/amtsb-2020-0049 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 42-47

Author(s):

Mihaela Corina Radu ◽

Anca Irina Dumitrescu ◽

Adrian Calin Boeru ◽

Loredana Sabina Cornelia Manolescu ◽

Oana Roxana Dumitrescu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Perinatal Transmission ◽

Induction Of Labor ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Perinatal Morbidity ◽

Induced Labor ◽

Group B ◽

In Pregnancy

AbstractIn the last two decades, group B streptococcus (GBS) infection has established itself as a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study is to identify if the electively induced labor with oxytocin in women with positive cultures of Streptococcus agalactiae, namely the group B streptococcus (GBS), helps the mother and fetus and decreases the risk associated with perinatal transmission of GBS compared with the spontaneous labor. Results associated with induction of labor with oxytocin compared with spontaneous labor in pregnant women who have GBS - positive cervical cultures, are also used to determine whether induction of labor decreases the risk of complications from GBS infection.

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An Emerging Infection: Streptococcal Toxic Shock-Like Syndrome Caused By Group B Streptococcus (GBS), Streptococcus Agalactiae

American Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.306 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S140-S140

Author(s):

F Rajack ◽

A Afsari ◽

A M Ramadan ◽

T J Naab

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Group A Streptococcus ◽

Multiorgan Failure ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Stage Iii ◽

Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽

Toxic Shock ◽

Group B

Abstract Introduction/Objective Streptococcus agalactiae, Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a major cause of neonatal sepsis and infections in pregnant women. However, incidence of invasive GBS infections has more than doubled in the last two decades with highest risk in adults 65 years or older. Other risk factors are diabetes, malignancy, and immunocompromised state. Bacteremia and skin soft tissue infections are the most common invasive infections in nonpregnant adults. Rarely GBS infection has a fulminating pyrogenic exotoxin-mediated course characterized by acute onset, multiorgan failure, shock, and sometimes death, referred to as toxic shock-like syndrome. Methods A 77-year-old hypertensive female with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus and a history of bilateral foot ulcers presented to the hospital in probable septic shock. Clinical diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis was made and she underwent bilateral lower limb amputations. Results Grossly soft tissue appeared gray. Microscopically fascia was necrotic without neutrophils present and Gram stain revealed sheets of Gram positive cocci. These findings reflected histopathologic Stage III necrotizing fasciitis, which is associated with 47% mortality. Autopsy showed a similar histology of Stage III necrotizing fasciitis involving the surgical stump. Erythema and desquamation of the upper limbs bilaterally and multi-organ failure met the clinical picture of Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS) and fulfilled the criteria for TSS due to Group A Streptococcus (GAS), defined by The Working Group on Severe Streptococcal Infections. Conclusion Group B Streptococcal Toxic Shock-Like Syndrome may have a similar outcome to STSS caused by GAS and other pathogens and, in limited studies, mortality has been 30% or greater.

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Biomarkers for a histological chorioamnionitis diagnosis in pregnant women with or without group B streptococcus infection: a case-control study

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-021-03731-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jie Ren ◽

Zhe Qiang ◽

Yuan-yuan Li ◽

Jun-na Zhang

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Group B ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Chorioamnionitis may cause serious perinatal and neonatal adverse outcomes, and group B streptococcus (GBS) is one of the most common bacteria isolated from human chorioamnionitis. The present study analyzed the impact of GBS infection and histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) on pregnancy outcomes and the diagnostic value of various biomarkers. Methods Pregnant women were grouped according to GBS infection and HCA detection. Perinatal and neonatal adverse outcomes were recorded with a follow-up period of 6 weeks. The white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil ratio, and C-reactive protein (CRP) level from peripheral blood and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels from cord blood were assessed. Results A total of 371 pregnant women were included. Pregnant women with GBS infection or HCA had a higher risk of pathological jaundice and premature rupture of membranes and higher levels of sICAM-1, IL-8, and TNF-α in umbilical cord blood. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis revealed that sICMA-1, IL-8, TNF-α, WBC, and CRP were significantly related to an increased HCA risk. For all included pregnant women, TNF-α had the largest receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area (area: 0.841; 95% CI: 0.778–0.904) of the biomarkers analyzed. TNF-α still had the largest area under the ROC curve (area: 0.898; 95% CI: 0.814–0.982) for non-GBS-infected pregnant women, who also exhibited a higher neutrophil ratio (area: 0.815; 95% CI: 0.645–0.985) and WBC (area: 0.849; 95% CI: 0.72–0.978), but all biomarkers had lower value in the diagnosis of HCA in GBS-infected pregnant women. Conclusion GBS infection and HCA correlated with several perinatal and neonatal adverse outcomes. TNF-α in cord blood and WBCs in peripheral blood had diagnostic value for HCA in non-GBS-infected pregnant women but not GBS-infected pregnant women.

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Poor Adherence to the Screening-Based Strategy of Group B Streptococcus Despite Colonization of Pregnant Women in Greece

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10040418 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 418

Author(s):

Maria Maroudia Berikopoulou ◽

Aikaterini Pana ◽

Theodota Liakopoulou-Tsitsipi ◽

Nikos F. Vlahos ◽

Vasiliki Papaevangelou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Late Onset ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Culture Collection ◽

Carrier Status ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Screening Guidelines ◽

Group B

Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of serious neonatal infections. Maternal GBS colonization is associated with early- and late-onset neonatal disease (EOD/LOD). In Greece, a screening-based strategy is recommended, in which concurrent vaginal-rectal cultures should be obtained between 36 0/7 and 37 6/7 weeks’ gestation. We sought to examine the level of adherence to the GBS screening guidelines and estimate the prevalence of GBS colonization among pregnant women. Although in Greece the screening-based strategy is followed, we also examined known EOD risk factors and linked them to GBS colonization. A cross-sectional study of 604 women postpartum in three hospitals and maternity clinics was conducted. Following written informed consent, data were collected via a short self-completed questionnaire and review of patients’ records. In 34.6% of the enrolled pregnant women, no culture had been taken. Of the remaining, 12.8% had proper vaginal-rectal sample collections. The overall maternal colonization rate was 9.6%. At least one risk factor for EOD was identified in 12.6% of participants. The presence of risk factors was associated with positive cultures (p = 0.014). The rate of culture collection did not differ between women with or without an EOD risk factor. Adherence to a universal screening of pregnant women with vaginal-rectal cultures was poor. Despite probable underestimation of GBS carrier status, almost 1 in 10 participants were GBS positive during pregnancy. Screening of women with risk factors for EOD should, at least, be prioritized to achieve prevention and prompt intervention of EOD.

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