Butyrate concentration before and after calving is not associated with the odds of subclinical mastitis in grazing dairy cows

Udder inflammation in dairy cows known as mastitis is still a major problem in dairy industry. Economic loss caused by mastitis burden on farmers due to decrease on milk yield and decrease on the milk quality. Most of traditional farmers recognize clinical mastitis as the symptoms was obvious, while subclinical mastitis were not easy to detect and can be potential source of infection for the herd. Detection on subclinical mastitis were using indirect test california mastitis test (CMT) and direct test with Somatic Cell Count (SCC). This research was a cross sectional study using udder quarters milk sample from traditional dairy farms in Bakir, Sukomulyo village, Batu regency. Field test conduct uding CMT and SCC counting in laboratorium. Data collection using Questionnaire were conduct to asses predisposing variables on farmers. Result shows prevalence of subclinical mastitis based on SCC was 60,22% and based on CMT 18,20% of quarter sampels. Predisposing factors that have effect on mastitis were the sanitation of the cow and the farm before and after the milking process.

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Functional state of the udder of cows after the treatment of the udder nipples with hygiene products during milking

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20213606035 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 ◽

pp. 06035

Author(s):

A.V. Filatova ◽

Yu.V. Bibaeva ◽

S.V. Kozlov ◽

M.V. Nistratova ◽

V.S. Avdeenko

Keyword(s):

Mammary Gland ◽

Latent Period ◽

Olive Oil ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Functional State ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Control Groups ◽

Controlled Treatment ◽

Before And After

During the experiments, it was found that the latent period of the breast-feeding reflex is 22.8% less, the milking time is 10.8% less. The average milking intensity increases by 22.7%, intravenous pressure - by 19.4%, with an increase in single milk yield by 15.3%. The concentration of Staph. aigees, Strep. agalactiae, was lower when the nipples were immersed in a solution of hygiene products "Chlorhexidine bigluconate-aloe" and "Teasfoam Supercow-olive oil" before and after milking, compared with untreated nipples. Controlled treatment of the udder nipples and mammary gland with the hygienic product "HGB aloe" before and after cow milking with high milk yields in 2.4% of animals prevents hyperkeratosis of the udder nipples and in 12.1% subclinical mastitis, against 5.4% heperkeratosis and 26.5% subclinical mastitis of control groups of dairy cows. Using hygienic products, an increase in milk yield in cows is provided by 18.45...22.0%, and the functioning of the udder by 16.45...26.34 %. To improve the functioning of the udder during lactation in cows, hygiene products "Chlorhexidine bigluconate-aloe" or "Teasfoam Supercow–olive oil" should be used to treat the udder nipples before and after each milking.

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Short Communication: Effect of subclinical mastitis on reproductive performance of Holstein dairy cows in the Northwest of Spain

Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5424/sjar/2021194-18058 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. e04SC01-e04SC01

Author(s):

Hafez Sadeghi ◽

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Reproductive Performance ◽

Central Area ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Before And After ◽

Service Conception ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Holstein Dairy Cow ◽

Holstein Dairy Cows

Aim of study: To investigate the effect of subclinical mastitis (SCM) before and after first artificial insemination (AI), characterized by a somatic cell count (SCC) higher than 200×103 cell/mL, on reproductive performance including first service conception rate (FSCR) and pregnancy loss (PL) in Holstein dairy cows. Area of study: The central area of Lugo, Galicia, Spain. Material and methods: This retrospective study was conducted on herd database of a population of 80 commercial Holstein dairy cow farms. A total number of 2053 lactations were included in this study. A binary logistic regression was carried out to analyse all data. Main results: The results of this study indicated that cows that registered a SCC lower than 200×103 cell/mL within 30 days after first AI were more likely to conceive pregnancy than cows with a higher SCC (31.2% and 25.1% FSCR, respectively; OR=1.285, 95% CI=1.000-1.653). Additionally, an increased SCC neither 30 days before nor 30 days after first AI had a negative effect on prevalence of PL in dairy cows. Research highlights: These findings revealed that SCM within 30 days after first AI negatively affected FSCR, whilst 30 days before first AI did not affect it. Therefore, it could be suggested that preventing subclinical mastitis after first AI, during a critical period of 30 days, is important to maximize the reproductive performance of dairy cows.

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The Quantities of Herbage Eaten by Grazing Dairy Cows

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production ◽

10.1017/s036985210000155x ◽

1955 ◽

Vol 1955 ◽

pp. 45-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

D. S. MacLusky

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Sampling Methods ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Chemical Marker ◽

Faecal Analysis ◽

Before And After ◽

Grazing Period ◽

The Difference ◽

Grazing Dairy Cows

The herbage dry matter intake of grazing animals may be estimated by chemical marker and faecal analysis methods (Raymond, 1954) or by pasture sampling methods.Pasture sampling methods generally involve two main difficulties. The first is the low precision resulting from the variability of pasture yields. When intake is estimated from the difference between the yields of herbage on a given area sampled before and after the grazing period, the estimate bears the error variances of both the sample means. The second difficulty lies in ensuring that the estimated difference in yields is the true difference due to consumption. The samples must be cut below the level to which the animal can graze, and the amount of herbage growth during the grazing period must be estimated and allowed for. Growth can be estimated from the difference between the yield of herbage before grazing and the yield of protected herbage at the end of the grazing period.

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Symbiotic effect on some microbiological species and physicochemical properties in milk in subclinical mastitis of dairy cows

Agricultural Science and Technology ◽

10.15547/ast.2020.04.058 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 364-370

Author(s):

I. Abdennebi ◽

C.R. Messai ◽

N. Ouchene ◽

N.A. Ouchene-khelifi ◽

L. Ghallache ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Coli Strain ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽

Microbiological Analysis ◽

Cattle Farm ◽

California Mastitis Test ◽

Development Of Resistance ◽

Before And After

Abstract. Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is the most common form of mastitis and the greatest cause for concern in dairy cows. The overuse of antibiotics for the treatment of mastitis leads to the development of resistance, resulting in the use of symbiotics. The study was carried out between February and May 2017 at a pilot dairy cattle farm in the Tipaza region (north-central Algeria) aiming to investigate the effect of a symbiotic on SCM. California Mastitis test (CMT) was used to diagnose SCM in a total of 240 dairy cows. A number of 58/240 (24.16%) cows were found to have SCM. These mastitis cows were then divided into two lots; an experimental lot of 37 cows and a control lot of 21 cows. A symbiotic was administered to the experimental lot once a month for three months. Cell count, microbiological analysis and analysis of certain physicochemical parameters of the milk were applied before and after each administration of the symbiotic. The results revealed that the average somatic cells count (SCC) in cows from the control lot was higher than that of cows from the experimental lot throughout the study period (p<0.0001). Staphylococci were isolated from 51/58 (87.93%) of the mastitis cows, of which 21 (36.20%) were infected with Staphylococcus aureus and 30 (51.72%) with coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from 36/58 (62.07%) of the mastitis cows, of which 21 (36.20%) were due to Escherichia coli strain and 15 (25.86%) to other strains of Enterobacteriaceae. After administration of the symbiotic, the prevalence of S. aureus and E. coli decreased significantly in the experimental lot compared to the control lot (p<0.001). The physicochemical characteristics of the milk were not altered by the administration of the symbiotic. All these results show that the symbiotic constitutes an adequate solution to replace antibiotics in the treatment of SCM.

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Mass-spec-based urinary metabotyping around parturition identifies screening biomarkers for subclinical mastitis in dairy cows

Research in Veterinary Science ◽

10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.01.001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 129 ◽

pp. 39-52

Author(s):

Grzegorz Zwierzchowski ◽

Guanshi Zhang ◽

Rupasri Mandal ◽

David S. Wishart ◽

Burim N. Ametaj

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Mass Spec

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Identification of Genomic Regions Associated with Concentrations of Milk Fat, Protein, Urea and Efficiency of Crude Protein Utilization in Grazing Dairy Cows

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12030456 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 456

Author(s):

Hewa Bahithige Pavithra Chathurangi Ariyarathne ◽

Martin Correa-Luna ◽

Hugh Thomas Blair ◽

Dorian John Garrick ◽

Nicolas Lopez-Villalobos

Keyword(s):

Gene Ontology ◽

New Zealand ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Candidate Genes ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Single Locus ◽

Protein Utilization ◽

Grazing Dairy Cows ◽

Genomic Regions

The objective of this study was to identify genomic regions associated with milk fat percentage (FP), crude protein percentage (CPP), urea concentration (MU) and efficiency of crude protein utilization (ECPU: ratio between crude protein yield in milk and dietary crude protein intake) using grazing, mixed-breed, dairy cows in New Zealand. Phenotypes from 634 Holstein Friesian, Jersey or crossbred cows were obtained from two herds at Massey University. A subset of 490 of these cows was genotyped using Bovine Illumina 50K SNP-chips. Two genome-wise association approaches were used, a single-locus model fitted to data from 490 cows and a single-step Bayes C model fitted to data from all 634 cows. The single-locus analysis was performed with the Efficient Mixed-Model Association eXpedited model as implemented in the SVS package. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with genome-wide association p-values ≤ 1.11 × 10−6 were considered as putative quantitative trait loci (QTL). The Bayes C analysis was performed with the JWAS package and 1-Mb genomic windows containing SNPs that explained > 0.37% of the genetic variance were considered as putative QTL. Candidate genes within 100 kb from the identified SNPs in single-locus GWAS or the 1-Mb windows were identified using gene ontology, as implemented in the Ensembl Genome Browser. The genes detected in association with FP (MGST1, DGAT1, CEBPD, SLC52A2, GPAT4, and ACOX3) and CPP (DGAT1, CSN1S1, GOSR2, HERC6, and IGF1R) were identified as candidates. Gene ontology revealed six novel candidate genes (GMDS, E2F7, SIAH1, SLC24A4, LGMN, and ASS1) significantly associated with MU whose functions were in protein catabolism, urea cycle, ion transportation and N excretion. One novel candidate gene was identified in association with ECPU (MAP3K1) that is involved in post-transcriptional modification of proteins. The findings should be validated using a larger population of New Zealand grazing dairy cows.

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Supplementation of grazing dairy cows with a brewers grains/treated straw mixture

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) ◽

10.1017/s0308229600018274 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 1990 ◽

pp. 46-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J.D. Leaver ◽

R.C. Campling

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Barley Straw ◽

Severe Drought ◽

Grass Silage ◽

Metabolisable Energy ◽

Grazing Dairy Cows ◽

Similar Cost ◽

Friesian Cows

Supplementary feeding of grazing dairy cows is often uneconomic, and whilst supplementation with silage (buffer feeding) can be worthwhile, this often leads to a depletion of winter forage stores. In this study, a mixture of brewers grains and treated straw was used as a supplement. Offered as a 1:1 mixture in the dry matter (DM), it is a purchased substitute for grass silage, having a similar cost, and similar metabolisable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) contents. The high seasonality adjustments to milk price in mid-late season make supplementation potentially worthwhile.Experiments were carried out from April to September in 1988 and 1989, which had moderate and very low rainfall respectively. Each year 20 British Friesian cows which calved December to March (1988 experiment) and February-April (1989) were allocated at random to either treatment B or C. In B, the cows were offered a 1:1 mixture (DM basis) of brewers grains and NaOH treated chopped barley straw for 60 minutes after morning milking. In C, the cows received no supplement. Both groups were fed 1.0 kg/day of concentrates in the milking parlour. Due to the severe drought in 1989, concentrate feeding was increased to 5.0 kg/day for all cows during the last 4 weeks of the experiment. Also, urea-treated whole crop wheat was fed at a level of 2.5 kg DM/day during the last 7 days.

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