scholarly journals Functional state of the udder of cows after the treatment of the udder nipples with hygiene products during milking

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 06035
Author(s):  
A.V. Filatova ◽  
Yu.V. Bibaeva ◽  
S.V. Kozlov ◽  
M.V. Nistratova ◽  
V.S. Avdeenko
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Controlled Treatment ◽  
Before And After

During the experiments, it was found that the latent period of the breast-feeding reflex is 22.8% less, the milking time is 10.8% less. The average milking intensity increases by 22.7%, intravenous pressure - by 19.4%, with an increase in single milk yield by 15.3%. The concentration of Staph. aigees, Strep. agalactiae, was lower when the nipples were immersed in a solution of hygiene products "Chlorhexidine bigluconate-aloe" and "Teasfoam Supercow-olive oil" before and after milking, compared with untreated nipples. Controlled treatment of the udder nipples and mammary gland with the hygienic product "HGB aloe" before and after cow milking with high milk yields in 2.4% of animals prevents hyperkeratosis of the udder nipples and in 12.1% subclinical mastitis, against 5.4% heperkeratosis and 26.5% subclinical mastitis of control groups of dairy cows. Using hygienic products, an increase in milk yield in cows is provided by 18.45...22.0%, and the functioning of the udder by 16.45...26.34 %. To improve the functioning of the udder during lactation in cows, hygiene products "Chlorhexidine bigluconate-aloe" or "Teasfoam Supercow–olive oil" should be used to treat the udder nipples before and after each milking.

scholarly journals Endocrine control of energy metabolism in the cow: the effect on milk yield and levels of some blood constituents of injecting growth hormone and growth hormone fragments

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Bines ◽  
I. C. Hart ◽  
S. V. Morant
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Endocrine Control ◽  
N Retention ◽  
Blood Constituents

1. Circulating concentrations of some hormones and metabolites and nitrogen balance were measured in lactating beef and dairy cows given daily injections of growth hormone (GH) and were compared to values before injection. Changes in milk yield and composition were recorded in these cows and in additional cows injected with GH fragments.2. GH, but not GH fragments, raised milk yield while milk composition did not change. GH injection caused a large, rapid increase in the level of the hormone in blood and slower, smaller increases in the concentrations of insulin, prolactin and thyroxine. Blood metabolite levels were unaltered except for a rise in glucose concentration in beef cows during GH injection and a fall in 3-hydroxybutyrate concentration in the same cows after the injections ceased. An increase in N output in milk was partly balanced by a reduction in urinary N so that N retention did not change significantly.3. GH caused a reduction in food intake in the beef cows.4. The results are discussed in relation to control of partition of nutrients in the lactating cow, where GH is considered to play an important role. It was concluded that this role may be in increasing the supply of energy metabolites for milk synthesis, rather than a direct effect on the activity of the mammary gland.

scholarly journals Effects of Mycotoxin Sequestering Agents Added Into Feed on Health, Reproduction and Milk Yield of Dairy Cattle

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-500
Author(s):  
Michal Hulík ◽  
Ladislav Zeman
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect

Effects of mycotoxin sequestering agents in feed on health, reproduction and milk yield of dairy cattle were studied in a 5-month long experiment on 300 dairy cows divided into two groups and six subgroups. The experiment was conducted in adding a mycotoxin sequestering agent based on 1,3 and 1,6 β-glucans to standard cattle nutrition (TMR), which was regularly tested for content of important mycotoxins, in order to gain knowledge about possible positive effect of this agent on the health of dairy cattle and about possible avoidance of negative effects of mycotoxins on dairy cattle due to their structural elimination caused by the agent. The experiment’s setting and conditions during it were in all aspects common and comparable within the European Union, the experiment’s results should be therefore seen as relevant. Health, pregnancy rate and milk yield were carefully monitored during the experiment. Indicators of state of health (occurrence of mastitis and somatic cell count in milk) did not show any significant differences between test and control groups of dairy cows. The average milk yield of dairy cows which were fed the agent enriched feed (30.2 kg a day) was slightly lower in comparison to control groups (31 kg a day, both results with P < 0.001), however, fat content of milk of test groups’ cows (4.02%) was considerably higher than that of control groups’ cows (3.79%). The average pregnancy rate of cows which were fed the agent enriched feed also manifested considerable increase in percentage and stability (from 42.95% of control groups’ cows to 62.25% of test groups’ cows, the standard deviation decreased from 21.1% to 14.4% which means smaller differences among pregnancy rate of test groups’ cows, hence higher stability), this increase manifested even long after the cows had been fed regular feed again.

Consumption of supplementary inulin modulates milk microbiota and metabolites in dairy cows with subclinical mastitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Wang ◽  
Xuemei Nan ◽  
Yiguang Zhao ◽  
Linshu Jiang ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Leukotriene B4 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Prostaglandin A1

Milk microbiota and mediated metabolites directly affect the health of the udder in dairy cows. Inulin, a dietary prebiotic, can modulate the profile of gastrointestinal microbiota. However, whether the inulin intake affects the milk microbial population and metabolites remains unknown. In this study, forty subclinical mastitis (SCM) cows were randomly divided into 5 groups. Five inulin addition doses, 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 g/d per cow, based on the same basal diet were supplemented, respectively. The experiments lasted for 8 weeks. The results showed lower relative abundance of mastitic-causing and pro-inflammation microbes in milk (i.e., Escherichia -Shigella , Pseudomonas , Rhodococcus and Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia , etc.), and higher probiotics and commensal bacteria, such as, Lactobacillus , Bifidobacterium , etc. in the cows fed 300 g/d inulin, compared with the control group. Meanwhile, the levels of arachidonic acid pro-inflammatory mediators (leukotriene E3, 20-carboxy-leukotriene B4 and 12-Oxo-c-LTB3) and phospholipid metabolites were reduced, and the levels of compounds with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory potential (prostaglandin A1 and 8-iso-15-Keto-PGE 2 , etc.), and participating energy metabolism (citric acid and L-Carnitine, etc.) were elevated. These data suggested that inulin intake might modulate the microflora and metabolites level in extra-intestinal tissue, such as mammary gland, which provided an alternative for the regulation and mitigation for SCM. IMPORTANCE The profile of microbial community and metabolic activity in milk are main determinant of udder health status and milk quality. Recent studies have demonstrated that diet could directly modulate mammary gland microbiome. Inulin is a probiotic dietary fiber, which can improve the microbiota population in gastrointestinal tract. However, whether inulin intake can further regulate the profile of microbiota and metabolic activities in milk remains unclear. In subclinical mastitic cows, we found that inulin supplementation could reduce the abundance of Escherichia -Shigella , Pseudomonas , Rhodococcus , Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia and the levels of (±)12, 13 - DiHOME, leukotriene E3 and 20-Carboxy-Leukotriene B4 etc., while, elevated the abundance of Lactobacillus , Bifidobacterium , and Muribaculaceae as well as the levels of prostaglandin A1 (PGA1), 8-iso-15-keto-PGE2 and benzoic acid etc., in milk. These data suggest that inulin intake affects the profile of microorganisms and metabolites in milk, which provides an alternative for the regulation of mastitis.

scholarly journals A comparison of the concentrations of energy-balance-related variables in jugular and mammary vein blood of dairy cows with different milk yield

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horea Šamanc ◽  
Danijela Kirovski ◽  
Nada Lakić ◽  
Irena Celeska ◽  
Slavica Bojković-Kovačević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Blood Insulin ◽  
Beta Hydroxybutyrate ◽  
Blood Variables

The aim of this study was to compare the concentrations of blood variables obtained simultaneously from the jugular and mammary veins of dairy cows. Eighty Holstein cows were divided into four equal groups: dry, low- (LY), medium- (MY) and high-yielding (HY). Blood insulin, glucose, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) and urea concentrations were measured. The jugular and mammary vein (J/M) ratio between concentrations of each variable was calculated. Differences between the groups of cows in concentrations of variables in the jugular vein were not in accordance with those obtained for the mammary vein. J/M values for insulin and glucose concentrations were above 1.0 in all groups of cows. The ratios for NEFA and BHBA concentrations were under or equal to 1.0 in dry and LY cows but above 1.0 in the MY and HY groups, indicating that in MY and HY cows those metabolites are apparently utilised by the mammary gland. J/M values for urea were above 1.0 in dry and LY cows but less than 1.0 in groups MY and HY, indicating that in the latter case urea is apparently released by the mammary gland. In conclusion, J/M for NEFA, BHBA and urea may be useful for estimation of the critical point when the mammary gland receives insufficient energy precursors for its current activity.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predisposing factors of Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows in Bakir, Sukomulyo Village, Batu Regency

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Mira Fatmawati ◽  
◽  
Ani Setianingrum ◽  
Ajeng Erika Prihastuti Haskito ◽  
Fidi Nur Aini Eka Puji Dameanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Before And After

Udder inflammation in dairy cows known as mastitis is still a major problem in dairy industry. Economic loss caused by mastitis burden on farmers due to decrease on milk yield and decrease on the milk quality. Most of traditional farmers recognize clinical mastitis as the symptoms was obvious, while subclinical mastitis were not easy to detect and can be potential source of infection for the herd. Detection on subclinical mastitis were using indirect test california mastitis test (CMT) and direct test with Somatic Cell Count (SCC). This research was a cross sectional study using udder quarters milk sample from traditional dairy farms in Bakir, Sukomulyo village, Batu regency. Field test conduct uding CMT and SCC counting in laboratorium. Data collection using Questionnaire were conduct to asses predisposing variables on farmers. Result shows prevalence of subclinical mastitis based on SCC was 60,22% and based on CMT 18,20% of quarter sampels. Predisposing factors that have effect on mastitis were the sanitation of the cow and the farm before and after the milking process.

scholarly journals FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON THE MORBIDITY BY MASTITIS OF COWS

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
А. A. Viniukov ◽  
А. O. Viniukov
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Lactation Stage

Diseases of mastitis of dairy livestock cause significant economic losses, exceeding losses from all non-communicable diseases combined. It leads to a sharp decline in milk production or interruption of lactation, premature culling of milking premature culling of dairy herd, large material costs. In addition, the problem of mastitis is of social importance, because when eating milk containing pathogenic microorganisms or their toxins, people, especially children, also have serious illnesses. The aim of the research is to determine the factors affecting the level of cow damage with mastitis. The research was conducted in 2014–2016 on dairy farms in Donetsk region. Average milk yield per cow per year in the farms was at the level of 4000–5055 kg of milk. Before the beginning of the experiment, a structural analysis of the dairy herds was carried out on the farms, taking into account the age of the cows, the physiological state, the stage of lactation, productivity and pedigree composition. Diagnosis of subclinical mastitis in milk cows was carried out by mastidinovoy breakdown on control plates. The dependence of the number of hidden mastitis on such indicators as milk yield, lactation stage, elements of technology of keeping, age of animals and season of the year was taken into account. Research methods: experimental, supplemented by analytical studies, measurements, calculations and observations. It is showed that the structure of the herd of enterpriceses AgroPromservice, Bogoyavlinske, VostokAgro and Rossiya is approximately. It was found that with two-time milking their number was 20.5%, for two-time milking with milking it was 23.9%, and with three-time milking a day it was 17.6%. Influence of disinfection of the nipples of the mammary gland after milking with the drug "De Laval" "Dipal-concentrate" showed that with a double treatment the incidence of  mastitis was 26.4%; When disinfectiont of the nipples of the breast after milking once a day, this indicator increases by 5.3%. Analysis of the disinfection of the teat with iodine and glycerin after each milking showed that the incidence of mammary gland hidden mastitis is reduced from 39.3% to 30.8%, that is, 8.5%. It was revealed that the incidence in the summer and winter periods ranged from 14.6 to 23.9%, in the spring and autumn periods from 19.5 to 36.9%. Studies have shown that the number of mammary gland diseases depends on the age of the animals, in particular, in primiparous animals it was less than in older cows. The most resistant to the disease are low-productive animals with a productivity of 3000 kg of milk and less for lactation (the number of diseases was 2.6–9.0%). With the increase in milk productivity from 4000–5500 kg of milk and more the number of diseases increases to 13.9–50.8%. Analysis of the presence of subclinical mastitis in farms, depending on the lactation stage of cows, indicates that the greatest number of hidden mastitis occurs in the second or fourth months of lactation, at 10–11 months of lactation and significantly decreases in the middle of lactation. Thus, the factors influencing the level of cow damage with mastitis were determined: milk productivity, lactation stage, milking and maintenance technology, animal age and season of year. The most influential factors are the productivity of animals and the technology of milking and keeping animals.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Effect of subclinical mastitis on reproductive performance of Holstein dairy cows in the Northwest of Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. e04SC01-e04SC01
Author(s):  
Hafez Sadeghi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Service Conception ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cow ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

Aim of study: To investigate the effect of subclinical mastitis (SCM) before and after first artificial insemination (AI), characterized by a somatic cell count (SCC) higher than 200×103 cell/mL, on reproductive performance including first service conception rate (FSCR) and pregnancy loss (PL) in Holstein dairy cows. Area of study: The central area of Lugo, Galicia, Spain. Material and methods: This retrospective study was conducted on herd database of a population of 80 commercial Holstein dairy cow farms. A total number of 2053 lactations were included in this study. A binary logistic regression was carried out to analyse all data. Main results: The results of this study indicated that cows that registered a SCC lower than 200×103 cell/mL within 30 days after first AI were more likely to conceive pregnancy than cows with a higher SCC (31.2% and 25.1% FSCR, respectively; OR=1.285, 95% CI=1.000-1.653). Additionally, an increased SCC neither 30 days before nor 30 days after first AI had a negative effect on prevalence of PL in dairy cows. Research highlights: These findings revealed that SCM within 30 days after first AI negatively affected FSCR, whilst 30 days before first AI did not affect it. Therefore, it could be suggested that preventing subclinical mastitis after first AI, during a critical period of 30 days, is important to maximize the reproductive performance of dairy cows.

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