Development and testing of low cost Magneto Rheological (MR) fluid using flake shaped magnetizable particles

Driven by the trend of life-cycle design and sustainable production, an innovative project called self-reconfigurable intelligent swarm fixtures (SwarmItFIX) funded by the European Commission is being developed. The project investigates the application of robotic multi agent fixtures for the support of automotive and airplane body panels during their manufacturing and assembly processes. This paper addresses the exploration and development of the adaptable heads, which are the end-effector of the intelligent fixture. The head is able to adapt to the shape of the workpiece and freeze its shape after adaptation to provide stable support. Two kinds of head designs are discussed. The first design uses the pseudo-phase-change properties of a volume of bulk grains (metal sand) which can be clustered using a hydrostatic pressure to conform to a given workpiece shape. The second design investigated uses phase-change magneto-rheological (MR) fluid in a network of channels to allow and block the motion of a crown of miniature pistons. The initial experiments are carried out and their results show the effectiveness of the design.

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Effect of Centrifugal Force Effect on Magneto-Rheological Fluid Clutches

Adaptive Structures and Materials Systems ◽

10.1115/imece2002-39012 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

Vijay A. Neelakantan ◽

Gregory N. Washington

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Fields ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Volume Fraction ◽

The Other ◽

Particle Orientation ◽

Centrifugal Forces ◽

Mr Fluid ◽

Set Up ◽

Magneto Rheological ◽

Very High

The property of magnetorheological fluids to change their yield stress depending on applied magnetic fields can be employed to develop many controllable devices one of them being MR fluid based clutches. One major problem however with MR fluid based clutches is that at high rotational speeds, the iron/ferrous particles in the MR fluid centrifuge due to very high centrifugal forces. Thus the particles move outward as the speed increases thereby making the fluid non-homogeneous. Many times however the initial analysis assumes fluid homogeneity, which is really not the case. In this paper this problem is addressed by assuming various volume fraction profiles describing the fluid particle orientation. Two cases, one with a linear profile and the other with an exponential profile are discussed. Expressions for the torque transmitted are derived at for both disc shaped and cylindrical shaped clutches. In addition, the use of a MR sponge based clutch that may indeed reduce the effect of centrifugal forces significantly is described. The design methodology and configuration for the sponge clutch are also discussed. An experimental set up used to test the clutch is also described.

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Development of a boring bar with magneto rheological fluid damping and assessment of its dynamic characteristics

Journal of Vibration and Control ◽

10.1177/1077546317700715 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (14) ◽

pp. 3094-3106 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

CV Biju ◽

MS Shunmugam

Keyword(s):

Modal Parameters ◽

Model Parameters ◽

Excitation Current ◽

Mr Fluid ◽

Boring Bar ◽

Chatter Suppression ◽

Damping Characteristics ◽

Fluid Damping ◽

Variable Damping ◽

Magneto Rheological

The boring operation is prone to chatter as the boring bar is slender and has an overhang. For chatter suppression, passive, semi-active or active control methods can be employed. In the present work, a boring bar has been specially designed to transfer vibration to a cantilever bar surrounded by magneto rheological (MR) fluid. The MR fluid when exposed to electromagnetic flux changes its rheological property within a certain range. Thus, the boring bar is able to exhibit variable damping characteristics by changing the excitation current. The modal parameters are experimentally obtained through an impact test and a shaker test. The variation of modal parameters with excitation current is discussed. A stability lobe diagram is also developed from the model parameters, showing safe and unsafe regions for operation. The semi-active boring bar developed in the present work can be used for the suppression of chatter during the boring operation.

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A New Unified Approach for Flow Analysis of Magneto-Rheological Fluids

Aerospace ◽

10.1115/imece2004-60863 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Barkan M. Kavlicoglu ◽

Faramarz Gordaninejad ◽

Xiaojie Wang ◽

Gregory Hitchcock

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Surface Roughness ◽

Pressure Loss ◽

Flow Analysis ◽

Volumetric Flow Rate ◽

Mr Fluid ◽

Mason Number ◽

Universal Approach ◽

Shear Yield ◽

Magneto Rheological

The focus of this study is to develop a new universal approach for the flow analysis of magneto-rheological (MR) fluids through channels. An experimental study is conducted to investigate the relationship between the pressure loss of a MR fluid as a function of the applied magnetic field strength, volumetric flow rate, and surface roughness without utilizing the assumption of shear yield stress. A relation for nondimensional friction factor is developed in terms of Mason number and dimensionless surface roughness. It is demonstrated that the pressure loss across the MR fluid flow channel is significantly affected by the magnetic field and the surface roughness.

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Continuous Improvement Process in the Development of a Low-Cost Rotational Rheometer

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8080935 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 935

Author(s):

Francisco J. Hernández-Rangel ◽

María Z. Saavedra-Leos ◽

Josefa Morales-Morales ◽

Horacio Bautista-Santos ◽

Vladimir A. Reyes-Herrera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Continuous Improvement ◽

Quality Function Deployment ◽

Low Cost ◽

Rheological Characterization ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Effect Analysis ◽

Rotational Rheometer ◽

Continuous Improvement Process ◽

Magneto Rheological

The rheological characterization of fluids using a rheometer is an essential task in food processing, materials, healthcare or even industrial engineering; in some cases, the high cost of a rheometer and the issues related to the possibility of developing both electrorheological and magnetorheological tests in the same instrument have to be overcome. With that in mind, this study designed and constructed a low-cost rotational rheometer with the capacity to adapt to electro- and magneto-rheological tests. The design team used the method of continuous improvement through Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and risk analysis tools such as Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Finite Element Analysis (FEA). These analyses were prepared in order to meet the customer’s needs and engineering requirements. In addition to the above, a manufacturing control based on process sheets was used, leading to the construction of a functional rheometer with a cost of USD $1500.

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Experimental Investigation on Dynamic Characteristics of Magneto-Rheological Fluid Suspension through on Road Comfort Testing

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.772.373 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 772 ◽

pp. 373-377

Author(s):

K.G. Saravanan ◽

N. Mohanasundara Raju

Keyword(s):

Experimental Investigation ◽

Ride Comfort ◽

Vehicle Dynamic ◽

Dynamic Approach ◽

Mr Fluid ◽

Road Profile ◽

Fluid Damper ◽

Magneto Rheological ◽

Active Damper ◽

Mr Fluid Damper

The present study deals with the application of the Magneto-Rheological (MR) fluid assisted semi-active damper as a replacement to the conventional suspension system in Maruti 800 car (source vehicle). MR fluid damper is designed, fabricated and automated with a microcontroller. This experimentation is carried out with real time instrumentation on the selected road profile as a vehicle dynamic approach. Results obtained from the travel imply that MR fluid suspension suppresses the vibrations more effectively than the existing passive damper system. The MR fluid dampens the acceleration and displacement of the piston to a greater extent thereby controlling the ride comfort.

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Study on Design Method for Magneto-Rheological Fluid Damper Based on Squeeze Mode and Experimental Tests

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.199-200.97 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 199-200 ◽

pp. 97-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chang Rong Liao ◽

Li Juan Fu ◽

Ying Yang

Keyword(s):

Analytical Method ◽

Vibration Isolation ◽

Squeeze Flow ◽

Damping Force ◽

Mr Fluid ◽

Isolation System ◽

Technical Requirements ◽

Fluid Damper ◽

Magneto Rheological ◽

Mr Fluid Damper

A Magneto-rheological(MR) fluid damper based on squeeze model is put forward. The squeeze flow differential equation is obtained. Navier slip condition is considered on two boundary surfaces and compatible condition is established. The radial velocity profile and the radial pressure distributions are derived respectively. The mathematical expression of damping force is devloped. In order to verify rationality of analytical method, MR fluid damper based on squeeze mode is designed and fabricated according to technical requirements of engine vibration isolation system. The experimental damping forces from MTS870 Electro-hydraulic Servo with sine wave excitation show that analytical method proposed in this paper is feasible and has the reference value to design MR fluid damper based on squeeze mode.

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Magneto-Rheological (MR) Damper Design for High-Flowrate Suspensions

Volume 4B: Dynamics, Vibration and Control ◽

10.1115/imece2013-62930 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Riaan F. Meeser ◽

P. Schalk Els ◽

Sudhir Kaul

Keyword(s):

Mr Damper ◽

Damping Force ◽

Mr Fluid ◽

Bingham Plastic ◽

Damping Characteristics ◽

Final Design ◽

Variable Damping ◽

Input Variables ◽

Damper Design ◽

Magneto Rheological

This paper presents the design of a magneto-rheological (MR) damper for an off-road vehicle where large suspension travel and high flow rates, as compared to typical passenger car suspensions, are required. The MR damper is expected to enhance the capability of the suspension system by allowing variable damping due to inherent properties of the MR fluid. MR fluids exhibit a reversible behavior that can be controlled with the intensity of a magnetic field, allowing a change in the effective viscosity and thereby in the damping characteristics of the fluid. A mathematical model of the proposed damper has been developed using the Bingham plastic model so as to determine the necessary geometry for the damper designed in this study, using the fluid flow rate and current to the electromagnet as the input variables. The model is used to compute the damping force, and the analytical results show that the designed MR damper provides the required range of damping force for the specific vehicle setup that is being used for this study. A valve-mode MR fluid channel has been designed such that the required minimum damping is reached in the off-state, and the desired maximum damping is reached in the on-state. For manufacturing and size considerations, the final design incorporates a triple pass layout with the MR fluid flowing through the three passages that are arranged in an S-shape so as to minimize the cross section of the electromagnet core.

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PREPARATION AND ABRASION PROPERTIES OF MAGNETO-RHEOLOGICAL FLUID OF DISPERSED SILICA-COATED IRON

International Journal of Modern Physics B ◽

10.1142/s021797920502995x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (07n09) ◽

pp. 1121-1127 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. SHIBAYAMA ◽

T. OTOMO ◽

Y. AKAGAMI ◽

K. SHIMADA ◽

T. FUJITA

Keyword(s):

Carbonyl Iron ◽

Spherical Particles ◽

Fluid Viscosity ◽

Iron Particles ◽

Mr Fluid ◽

Abrasion Test ◽

Silicon Oil ◽

Mr Fluids ◽

Transmission Oil ◽

Magneto Rheological

In this study, a magneto-rheological fluid dispersed by silica-coated iron was developed and its properties such as fluid viscosity (shear stress or shear rate) and abrasion were investigated. The metallic iron coated by silica dispersed in magneto-rheological fluid was prepared by H 2 reducing of precipitated magnetite ( Fe 3 O 4). Then, the magneto-rheological fluid (MR fluid) for the seal was prepared with silica-coated iron or carbonyl iron (HQ type; diameter of 1.6-1.9 10-6m) and two solvent oils i.e. silicon oil (SH200cv, 10000cSt) and CVT oil (T-CVTF, automobile transmission oil). It was observed that the MR fluid viscosity of CVT oil with HQ particles is lower in every fluid condition. Furthermore, the surface roughness of polyvinyl plate after abrasion test for MR fluid with silica coated iron and CVT oil as solvent was higher compared to the other types of MR fluids. The results indicated that carbonyl iron (spherical particles) and silica-coated iron particles dispersed in silicon oil are feasible to be used where the low abrasion in mechanics is required.

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